Palio di Parma
{{Short description|Yearly festival in Parma, Italy}}
{{See also|Parma}}
File:Coro medievale durante il palio di Parma.jpg
The Palio di Parma is a festival that is held once a year in the northern Italian town of Parma, and traces back to the ancient "Scarlet Run".[http://www.rievocare.it/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=313:palio-dello-scarlatto&catid=91:eventi-di-settembre&Itemid=621 Palio dello Scarlatto] su rievocare The Palio is normally hold on the third weekend of September.
History
The origin of this festival can be reconducted to 1314 as reported by Giovanni Del Giudice in the "Chronicon Parmense",[http://www.paliodiparma.it/cenni.htm paliodiparma.it] talking about a festival hold to honour the engagement between Giberto III Da Correggio, ruler of Parma from 1303 to 1316, and Engelenda Rossi, also called Maddalena Rossi di San Secondo daughter of Guglielmo Rossi and Donella da Carrara rulers of Padova.{{cite book| last1 = Nosari| first1 = Galeazzo| last2 = Canova| first2 = Franco| title = Il Palio nel Rinascimento i cavalli di razza dei Gonzaga nell'età di Francesco II Gonzaga 1484-1519| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=VRITAQAAIAAJ| year = 2003| publisher = E. Lui }} This brought to an end of the several fight among their noble families wanting to dominate Parma. On that day, all the enemy families of Giberto Da Correggio were allowed to return in Parma, and even some prisoners gained back freedom. The games consisted in several competition with medieval weapons and horses.
The festival was held every year on 15 August, from the fourteenth century to Napoleon's arrival in the nineteenth century.
Nowadays
Starting from 1978[http://www.usmontebello.it/Lo_storico_Palio_Scarlatto.html Lo storico Palio dello Scarlatto] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120419193459/http://www.usmontebello.it/Lo_storico_Palio_Scarlatto.html |date=2012-04-19 }} su usmontebello the competition was brought to a new life. The town is divided in 5 different areas called "Porte", referring to its ancient gates. Each of them forms a different team. There are 3 running competitions, one for men, one for women and one for children riding donkeys. In each of them the porte try to win a painting showing one of the monuments of the town and Holy Mary, protector of Parma.[http://www.regioni-italiane.com/palio_di_parma.htm Palio di Parma] su regioni italiane
{{clear right}}
Porte
| class="wikitable" width=100% style="text-align: center;"
|+ {{flagicon image|Verde Flag.png}} Porta di Santa Croce ! width=15%|Heraldic badge !! width=15%|Colours !! width=50%|Territory !! width=20%|Church | |||
| Eagle | Green | Via d'Azeglio, Piazzale Inzani, Via Imbriani (lato nord), Via Gramsci, Viale Piacenza, Via Fleming, Via Buffolara, Via Savani, indicativamente tutta la zona nord Ovest della città. | Chiesa di Santa Croce (Parma) (piazzale Santa Croce) |
| class="wikitable" width=100% style="text-align: center;"
|+ {{flagicon image|600px Bianco e Nero.svg}} Porta San Francesco ! width=15%|Heraldic badge !! width=15%|Colours !! width=50%|Territory !! width=20%|Church | |||
| Wolf | Black and White | Strada Bixio, lato sud di via D'Azeglio dal Ponte all'Annunziata, Via della Costituente, Via Imbriani (lato sud), Via della Salute, Viale Spezia, Viale Milazzo, Via Silvio Pellico, Viale Milazzo, indicativamente tutta la zona sud Ovest della città. | Chiesa della Santissima Annunziata (Parma) (Strada d'Azeglio) |
| class="wikitable" width=100% style="text-align: center;"
|+ {{flagicon image|600px Blu.png}} Porta Nuova ! width=15%|Heraldic badge !! width=15%|Colours !! width=50%|Territory !! width=20%|Church | |||
| Unicorn | Blue | Strada Farini, Borgo Giacomo, Via XXII Luglio, Borgo Felino, Viale Basetti, Viale Martiri della Libertà, Viale Solferino, Viale Rustici, indicativamente la zona sud della città. | Chiesa di Sant'Uldarico (Strada Farini) |
| class="wikitable" width=100% style="text-align: center;"
|+ {{flagicon image|600px Giallo.png}} Porta San Michele ! width=15%|Heraldic badge !! width=15%|Colours !! width=50%|Territory !! width=20%|Church | |||
| Dragon | Yellow | Strada della Repubblica, Via Dalmazia, Viale Tanara, Strada Elevata, Viale Partigiani d'Italia, Viale Pier Maria Rossi, Via Zarotto, Via Emilia Est, indicativamente tutta la zona est della città. | Chiesa di San Sepolcro (Parma) (via della Repubblica) |
| class="wikitable" width=100% style="text-align: center;"
|+ {{flagicon image|600px Nero e Rosso.png}} Porta San Barnaba ! width=15%|Heraldic badge !! width=15%|Colours !! width=50%|Territory !! width=20%|Church | |||
| Lion | Red | Strada Garibaldi, Strada Cavour, Borgo Parmigianino, Via Verdi, Viale Toscanini, Viale Fratti, Via Trento, Strada San Leonardo, Via Palermo, Via Europa, indicativamente tutta la zona nord est della città. | Chiesa di San Francesco del Prato (piazzale San Francesco) |
= Winning porta =
File:Prigioniero al palio di Parma.jpg
File:Benedizione del Palio in duomo.jpg
File:Figuranti del Palio di Parma.jpg
File:Guerriero Medievale al Palio di ParmaG.jpg
File:Corteo sbandieratori da Porta Santa Croce al centro.jpg
File:Palio di Parma - Sbandieratori davanti al palazzo del giardino.jpg
{{col-begin|width=auto}}
{{col-break}}
| class="wikitable"
|+ Corsa dello Scarlatto (men) ! Year ! Winning porta | |
| 1978 | style="border-left: black 5px solid" | Porta San Francesco |
| 1979 | style="border-left: yellow 5px solid"|Porta San Michele 2 |
| 1980 | style="border-left: yellow 5px solid"|Porta San Michele 2 |
| 1981 | style="border-left: yellow 5px solid"|Porta San Michele |
| 1982 | style="border-left: yellow 5px solid"|Porta San Michele |
| 1984 | style="border-left: black 5px solid" | Porta San Francesco |
| 1986 | style="border-left: yellow 5px solid"|Porta San Michele |
| 1988 | style="border-left: green 5px solid" | Porta Santa Croce |
| 1991 | style="border-left: yellow 5px solid"|Porta San Michele |
| 1993 | style="border-left: yellow 5px solid"|Porta San Michele |
| 1995 | style="border-left: yellow 5px solid"|Porta San Michele |
| 1996 | style="border-left: yellow 5px solid"|Porta San Michele |
| 1997 | style="border-left: black 5px solid" | Porta San Francesco |
| 1998 | style="border-left: yellow 5px solid"|Porta San Michele |
| 1999 | style="border-left: yellow 5px solid"|Porta San Michele |
| 2000 | style="border-left: yellow 5px solid"|Porta San Michele |
| 2001 | Not held |
| 2002 | style="border-left: yellow 5px solid"|Porta San Michele |
| 2003 | style="border-left: black 5px solid" | Porta San Francesco |
| 2004 | style="border-left: black 5px solid" | Porta San Francesco |
| 2005 | style="border-left: black 5px solid" | Porta San Francesco |
| 2006 | style="border-left: yellow 5px solid"|Porta San Michele |
| 2007 | style="border-left: black 5px solid" | Porta San Francesco |
| 2008 | style="border-left: black 5px solid" | Porta San Francesco |
| 2009 | style="border-left: black 5px solid" | Porta San Francesco |
| 2010 | style="border-left: black 5px solid" | Porta San Francesco |
| 2011 | style="border-left: black 5px solid" | Porta San Francesco |
| 2012 | style="border-left: blue 5px solid" | Porta Nuova |
| 2013 | style="border-left: black 5px solid" | Porta San Francesco |
| 2014 | style="border-left: black 5px solid" | Porta San Francesco |
| 2015 | style="border-left: black 5px solid" | Porta San Francesco |
| 2016 | style="border-left: black 5px solid" | Porta San Francesco |
{{col-break|gap=2em}}
| class="wikitable"
|+ Corsa del Panno Verde (women) ! Year ! Winning porta | |
| 1991 | style="border-left: red 5px solid"|Porta San Barnaba |
| 1993 | style="border-left: yellow 5px solid"|Porta San Michele |
| 1995 | style="border-left: yellow 5px solid"|Porta San Michele |
| 1996 | style="border-left: red 5px solid"|Porta San Barnaba |
| 1997 | style="border-left: red 5px solid"|Porta San Barnaba |
| 1999 | style="border-left: red 5px solid"|Porta San Barnaba |
| 2000 | style="border-left: yellow 5px solid"|Porta San Michele |
| 2001 | Not held |
| 2002 | style="border-left: red 5px solid"|Porta San Barnaba |
| 2003 | style="border-left: red 5px solid"|Porta San Barnaba |
| 2004 | style="border-left: red 5px solid"|Porta San Barnaba |
| 2005 | style="border-left: black 5px solid" | Porta San Francesco |
| 2006 | style="border-left: black 5px solid" | Porta San Francesco |
| 2007 | style="border-left: blue 5px solid" | Porta Nuova |
| 2008 | style="border-left: green 5px solid" | Porta Santa Croce |
| 2009 | style="border-left: green 5px solid" | Porta Santa Croce |
| 2010 | style="border-left: green 5px solid" | Porta Santa Croce |
| 2011 | style="border-left: green 5px solid" | Porta Santa Croce |
| 2012 | style="border-left: green 5px solid" | Porta Santa Croce |
| 2013 | style="border-left: black 5px solid" | Porta San Francesco |
| 2014 | style="border-left: yellow 5px solid"|Porta San Michele |
| 2015 | style="border-left: blue 5px solid" | Porta Nuova |
| 2016 | style="border-left: blue 5px solid" | Porta Nuova |
{{col-end}}
Notes
External links
- [http://www.paliodiparma.it Official site]
{{Historical competitions of Italy}}