Pamir Kyrgyz dialect

{{Short description|Dialect of Kyrgyz language spoken in Pakistan and Afghanistan}}

{{Infobox language

| name = Pamiri Kyrgyz

| image = Pamiri Kyrgyz.png

| nativename = {{lang|ky|پامیری قیرغیز}}

| region = Chitral, Gojal, Wakhan

| state = Pakistan, Afghanistan

| speakers = 6,000 (in Pakistan)

| date = 2023

| ref = {{cite web|title=Kyrgyz Language (KIR)|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/language/kir/ |access-date=1 April 2025|website=Ethnologue}}

| familycolor = Altaic

| fam1 = Turkic

| fam2 = Common Turkic

| fam3 = Kipchak

| fam4 = Kyrgyz–Kipchak

| fam5 = Kyrgyz

| script = Arabic

| glotto =

| glottorefname =

| imagecaption = Pamiri Kyrgyz in Nastaliq

| isoexception = dialect

}}

Pamir Kyrgyz ({{Langx|ky|{{nq|پامیری قیرغیزچه}}}}) is a dialect of the Kyrgyz language natively spoken in the Chitral district and Gojal Valley of Pakistan and Wakhan Corridor of Afghanistan.{{cite journal |last1=Callahan |first1=Ted |title=THE KYRGYZ OF THE AFGHAN PAMIR RIDE ON |journal=Nomadic Peoples |date=2007 |volume=11 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/43123791}} It has been evolving into a distinct dialect of Kyrgyz due to its isolation.{{cite web | url=https://www.zois-berlin.de/en/publications/the-situation-of-the-pamir-kyrgyz-after-the-talibans-takeover-of-afghanistan | title=The Situation of the Pamir Kyrgyz after the Taliban's takeover of Afghanistan }} The dialect is known by its speakers as Black Kyrgyz ({{lang|ky|{{nq|قاره قیرغیز}}}}).{{cite book |last1=Bliss |first1=Frank |title=Social and Economic Change in the Pamirs (Gorno-Badakhshan, Tajikistan) |date=2006 |publisher=Routledge, 2006 |isbn=9781134396177 |page=193 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sJpH_54CDHQC&q=pamir+kyrgyz+dialect}}

Loanwords

Pamir Kyrgyz uses many loanwords from Dari, which unlike Kyrgyz from Kyrgyzstan, makes it hard to understand the language due to Kyrgyz from Kyrgyzstan using Russian loanwords.{{cite web | url=https://gandhara.rferl.org/a/pamir-kyrgyz-choice-resettle-afghanistan/31232096.html | title=Will Pamir Kyrgyz Leave the 'Roof of the World'? }}

Literacy

Literacy rate from the Kyrgyz of Pamir has increased, with many proposing an alphabet for it. The Agha Khan has started funding schools for the Pamir Kyrgyz in Afghanistan for Dari, Pashto, and their native Pamir Kyrgyz language.{{cite book |last1=USA |first1=IBP |title=Kyrgyzstan Investment and Business Guide Volume 1 Strategic and Practical Information |date=2013 |publisher=Lulu.com, 2013 |location=Kyrgyzstan |isbn=9781438767970 |page=20 |edition=1 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fTmyDwAAQBAJ&dq=pamir+kyrgyz+dialect&pg=PA20}}

Phonology

The Pamiri Kyrgyz dialect uses long and hard vowels unlike the Kyrgyz in Kyrgyzstan.{{cite book |title=Bilig : Journal of social sciences of the Turkish world |date=2000 |publisher=Ahmet Yesevi Üniversitesine Yardım Vakfı, 2000 |edition=12-15 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mZAYAQAAMAAJ&q=pamir+kyrgyz+dialect}}

= Vowels =

class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
rowspan=2|

!colspan=2|Front

colspan=2|Back
{{small|unr.}}

!{{small|rnd.}}

!{{small|unr.}}

!{{small|rnd.}}

Close

|{{IPA link|i}}||{{IPA link|y}}||{{IPA link|ɯ}}||{{IPA link|u}}

Mid

|{{IPA link|e̞|e}}||{{IPA link|ø̞|ø}}||||{{IPA link|o̞|o}}

Open

|{{IPA link|æ}}||||{{IPA link|ɑ}}||

= Consonants =

class="wikitable" style=text-align:center

|+Kyrgyz consonants

! colspan="2" |

! Labial

! Dental/
alveolar

! Post-
alveolar

! Dorsal

! Uvular

colspan="2" | Nasal

| {{IPA link|m}}

| {{IPA link|n}}

|

| {{IPA link|ŋ}}

|

rowspan="2" | Plosive

! {{small|voiceless}}

| {{IPA link|p}}

| {{IPA link|t̪|t}}

|

| {{IPA link|k}}

| {{IPA link|q}}

{{small|voiced}}

| {{IPA link|b}}

| {{IPA link|d̪|d}}

|

| {{IPA link|ɡ}}

| {{IPA link|ɢ}}

rowspan="2" |Affricate

! {{small|voiceless}}

|

|

| {{IPA link|t͡ʃ}}

|

|

{{small|voiced}}

|

|

| {{IPA link|d͡ʒ}}

|

|

rowspan="2" | Fricative

! {{small|voiceless}}

| {{IPA link|f}}

| {{IPA link|s̪|s}}

| {{IPA link|ʃ}}

| {{IPA link|x}}

|

{{small|voiced}}

| {{IPA link|v}}

| {{IPA link|z̪|z}}

|

|

|

colspan="2" | Approximant

|

| {{IPA link|l}}

|

| {{IPA link|j}}

|

colspan="2" | Trill

|

|{{IPA link|r}}

|

|

|

References