Pamphilioidea
{{Short description|Superfamily of sawflies}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| fossil_range = {{fossil_range|earliest=210|145|0|Cretaceous-Present}}
| image = Acantholyda nemoralis 1 beentree.jpg
| image_caption = Acantholyda nemoralis (Pamphiliidae)
| taxon = Pamphilioidea
| authority = Cameron, 1890
| subdivision_ranks = Families
| subdivision =
Megalodontesidae Konow, 1897
Pamphiliidae Cameron, 1890
†Mirolydidae Wang, Rasnitsyn & Ren, 2017{{sfn|Wang et al|2017}}
†Xyelydidae Rasnitsyn, 1986
| synonyms = Megalodontoidea Konow, 1897
}}
File:Caenolyda reticulata (cropped).jpg ]]
The Pamphilioidea are a small superfamily within the Symphyta (the sawflies), containing some 250 living species restricted to the temperate regions of Eurasia and North America. These hymenopterans share the distinctive feature of a very large, almost prognathous head, which is widest ventrally.
The superfamily contains two extant families. The Pamphiliidae are the leaf-rolling or web-spinning sawflies such as Acantholyda, Neurotoma, and Pamphilius whose larvae eat plants such as conifers; the adults have simple filiform antennae. The Megalodontesidae include genera such as Megalodontes and several fossil groups. Their larvae eat herbaceous plants, while the adults have serrate or pectinate antennae.{{sfn|Aguiar et al|2013}}{{-}}
References
{{Reflist}}
Bibliography
{{refbegin|30em}}
- {{cite journal |last1=Aguiar|first1=Alexandre P.|last2=Deans |first2=Andrew R.|last3=Engel|first3=Michael S.|last4=Forshage |first4=Mattias|last5=Huber|first5=John T. |last6=Jennings|first6=John T.|last7=Johnson|first7=Norman F.|last8=Lelej |first8=Arkady S.|last9=Longino|first9=John T. |last10=Lohrmann |first10=Volker |last11=Mikó |first11=István |last12=Ohl |first12=Michael |last13=Rasmussen |first13=Claus |last14=Taeger |first14=Andreas |last15=Yu |first15=Dicky Sick Ki |title=Order Hymenoptera |journal=Zootaxa |date=30 August 2013 |volume=3703 |issue=1 |pages=51–62 |doi=10.11646/zootaxa.3703.1.12 |ref={{harvid|Aguiar et al|2013}} |pmid=26146682|doi-access=free |url=https://mapress.com/zt/article/download/zootaxa.3703.1.12/32481 }}, in Zhang, Z.-Q. (ed.) Animal Biodiversity: An Outline of Higher-level Classification and Survey of Taxonomic Richness (Addenda 2013)
- Rasnitsyn, Alexandr P.; Zhang, Haichun & Wang, Bo (2006): Bizarre fossil insects: web-spinning sawflies of the genus Ferganolyda (Vespida, Pamphilioidea) from the Middle Jurassic of Daohugou, Inner Mongolia, China. Palaeontology 49(4): 907-916. {{doi|10.1111/j.1475-4983.2006.00574.x}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20110718201622/http://fossilinsects.net/pdfs/Rasnitsyn_etal_2006_Bizarre.pdf PDF fulltext]
- {{cite journal |last1=Wang|first1=Mei|last2=Rasnitsyn |first2=Alexandr P. |last3=Li |first3=Hu |last4=Shih |first4=Chungkun |last5=Sharkey |first5=Michael J.|last6=Ren |first6=Dong |title=Phylogenetic analyses elucidate the inter-relationships of Pamphilioidea (Hymenoptera, Symphyta) |journal=Cladistics |date=June 2016 |volume=32 |issue=3 |pages=239–260 |doi=10.1111/cla.12129|pmid=34736302 |s2cid=59397749 |doi-access=free }}
- {{cite journal|last1=Wang|first1=M.|last2=Rasnitsyn|first2=A.P.|last3=Yang|first3=Z.|last4=Shih|first4=C.|last5=Wang|first5=B.|last6=Ren|first6=D.|year=2017|title=Mirolydidae, a new family of Jurassic pamphilioid sawfly (Hymenoptera) highlighting mosaic evolution of lower Hymenoptera|journal=Scientific Reports|volume=7|page=43944|doi=10.1038/srep43944|pmid=28266631 |doi-access=free|ref={{harvid|Wang et al|2017}}|pmc=5339686}}
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{{Hymenoptera|1}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q19896587}}