Pandemis heparana

{{Short description|Species of moth}}

{{Speciesbox

| image = Tortricinae - Pandemis heparana.JPG

| image_caption =

| taxon = Pandemis heparana

| authority = (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)[http://www.tortricidae.com/catalogueGenusList.asp?gcode=667 Tortricidae.com]

| synonyms =

  • Tortrix heparana [Denis & Schiffermuller], 1775
  • Phalaena (Tortrix) cappana Villers, 1789
  • Phalaena (Tortrix) cappata Geoffroy, in Fourcroy, 1785
  • Tortrix carpiniana Hubner, [1796-1799]
  • Pyralis fasciana Fabricius, 1787
  • Tortrix heperana Gmelin, 1788
  • Tortrix padana Schrank, 1802
  • Tortrix pasquayana [Denis & Schiffermuller], 1775
  • Tortrix rubrana Sodoffsky, 1830
  • Pandemis heparana var. subclarana Caradja, 1931
  • vulpisana Herrich-Schaffer, 1847
  • Tortrix (Lozotaenia) vulpisana Herrich-Schaffer, 1851

}}

Pandemis heparana, the dark fruit-tree tortrix or apple brown tortrix,[http://www.plantwise.org/KnowledgeBank/Datasheet.aspx?dsid=42398 Apple brown tortrix (Pandemis heparana)] at Plantwise Knowledge Bank is a moth of the family Tortricidae.

Distribution

This species can be found in most of Europe, in the eastern Palearctic realm, in the Near East, [https://web.archive.org/web/20160304045424/http://www.faunaeur.org/full_results.php?id=439828 Fauna europaea] and in North America.

Description

Pandemis heparana has a wingspan of 16–24 mm.[https://ukmoths.org.uk/species/pandemis-heparana/ UK Moths] In these moths the basic color of the forewings ranges from yellowish brown to reddish brown, with a reticulate pattern, a dark brown basal fascia, dark brown transversal bands, two triangular spots and brown fringes at the edge. The hindwings are gray-brown with white-yellow fringes. The larva can reach 22 mm and it is pale green.[https://www7.inra.fr/hyppz/RAVAGEUR/6panhep.htm HYPP Zoology]David V Alford [https://books.google.com/books?id=XZPSBQAAQBAJ&dq=pandemis+heparana+wingspan&pg=PA290 Pests of Fruit Crops: A Colour Handbook]

This species is rather similar to Pandemis cerasana.

Biology

These moths have two generations per year (bivoltine). The moth flies from late May to mid-September in western Europe. The larvae are considered a pest of trees and shrubs. They live in a rolled leaf and are polyphagous, feeding on various deciduous trees and shrubs including oak, willow, birch, honeysuckle, sorbus, apple and pear. Pupation takes places in the rolled leaves.[http://www.phegea.org/Checklists/Lepidoptera/Tortricidae/Pheparana.htm Lepidoptera of Belgium]

Gallery

File: Pandemis heparana larva.jpg|Larva

File: Pandemis heparana.jpg |Moth

File:Pandemis heparana-Oberösterreich, Mattsee, Lochen, Campingplatz Stein-E-MK-8642a.jpg|Mounted specimen

References

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