Pangsau Pass

{{anchor | History }}

{{see | Stilwell Road | North-east Indian railways during World War II }}

During the 13th century, it was the frequently used route by Ahoms, a Shan tribe, for their arrival and settlement in Assam in India.{{fact|date=March 2020}}

The British in the late 19th century looked at the pass as a possible railway route from India to Myitkyina in north Burma through the Hukawng Valley, all of which were part of the British Empire at the time, but no railway was built.{{fact|date=March 2020}} In the 19th century, British railway builders had surveyed the Pangsau Pass, which is {{convert|1136|m|ft|abbr=off}} high on the India-Burma border, on the Patkai crest, above Nampong, Arunachal Pradesh and Ledo, Tinsukia (part of Assam). They concluded that a track could be pushed through to Burma and down the Hukawng Valley. Although the proposal was dropped, the British prospected the Patkai Range for a road from Assam into northern Burma. British engineers had surveyed the route for a road for the first {{convert|80|mi|km|order=flip|-1|abbr=off}}.

During World War II the pass became famous because of the Stilwell Road (Ledo Road) connecting British India to Nationalist Chinese forces fighting the Japanese in China. The pass was the large initial obstacle encountered by United States General Joseph "Vinegar Joe" Stilwell's forces in their effort to build a land route to supplement The Hump air route (after the other land route, the Burma Road was lost to advancing Japanese forces).{{Citation |chapter=Chapter IX: The Foundations |title=Defeat into Victory |first=William |last=Slim |year=1956 |location=London |publisher=Cassel |pages=168–195}}

The Stilwell Road began at Ledo, Assam, the railhead, and passed through Tirap Gaon, Lekhapani, Tipong, Jagun, Jairampur (the Assam-Arunachal Pradesh boundary and beginning of Inner Line), and Nampong before switchbacking steeply upwards through densely forested hills to the pass, {{convert|12|km}} away. The distance from Ledo to Pangsau Pass is {{convert|61|km|mi|abbr=on}}. Because of the fierce gradients and the mud, which made getting up to the pass difficult, it was nicknamed "Hell Pass" during the war.Donovan Webster, The Burma Road

The Pangsau Pass Winter Festival since 2007 is a joint India-Myanmar 3 day annual global village event organized during the 3rd week of January every year in Nampong, Arunachal Pradesh. It showcases diverse cultures of Northeast India and Myanmar including folk songs, folk dances, arts, crafts, ethnic foods, and traditional sports, and culture of Tangsa Naga tribe. Tangsa Rongrand War dance, Lungchang dance, Wancho dance, Bihu Dance, and Bamboo dance performances are held.[https://nenow.in/north-east-news/arunachal-pradesh/pangsau-pass-winter-festival-going-beyond-frontier.html Pangsau Pass Winter Festival: Going beyond the Frontier], Northeast Now, 7 December 2018.

• Ledo Road (Stillwell Road)
• Lake of No Return
• Hukawng Valley

{{Reflist}}

• [http://changlang.nic.in/ Changlang District]
• [http://arunachaldiary.com/2009/01/pangsau-pass-winter-festival-2009-transcending-boundaries-2/ Pangsau Pass Winter Festival 2009-Transcending Boundaries]

{{Mountain passes of India}}

Category:Mountain passes of Meghalaya

Category:Mountain passes of Myanmar

Category:India–Myanmar border crossings

Category:World War II sites in Burma