Panung
{{Short description|Traditional Thai garment}}
File:Queen Sunandha of Siam.jpg, one of the four consorts of King Chulalongkorn wearing pha nung and pha biang]]
The panung or pha nung ({{langx|th|ผ้านุ่ง}}, {{RTGS|pha nung}}, {{IPA|th|pʰâː nûŋ|pron}}) is a lower attire worn by individuals from Siam.
Style
Panung is a traditional garment worn in Thailand.{{Cite journal |last=Hansen |first=Carl C |date=11 April 1921 |title=Market for Ready-Made Clothing in Siam |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=b_PmRvK0zroC&q=Panung+garment&pg=PA226 |journal=Commerce Reports |language=en |publisher=Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce, Department of Commerce |volume=2 |issue=83 |page=226}} It is a long strip of cloth, described in 1921 by the US vice-consul as "a piece of cotton cloth 3 by 10 feet" is wrapped around the waist, reaching below the knees. The cloth is sometimes passed between the legs and tucked at the back{{Cite web |title=panung {{!}} Definition of panung in English by Oxford Dictionaries |url=https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/panung |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180725214338/https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/panung |archive-date=July 25, 2018 |access-date=2018-07-24 |website=Oxford Dictionaries {{!}} English}} in a fashion known as chong kraben. The garment is normally paired with a sabai or pha hom, a similar cloth used to cover the upper body.
Variations
Panung is a versatile garment that can be worn by anyone, regardless of gender. It is available in different qualities, with first quality being Patta. Patta is a durable printed cloth that features bold check patterns or with cross designed patterns. It is possible for this item to have one or more stripes at either end.{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LEklAQAAIAAJ&dq=%22Panung%22+-wikipedia&pg=PA574 |title=Commerce Reports |date=1915 |publisher=Bureau of Foreign and Domestic Commerce, Department of Commerce |pages=574 |language=en}} The second quality is Papoon, characterized by fast coloration and the narrow stripes woven into the cloth. It is also woven with a two-and-two checking pattern.{{Cite web |title=The Project Gutenberg eBook of Piece Goods Manual, by A. E. Blanco. |url=https://www.gutenberg.org/files/52227/52227-h/52227-h.htm#Page_58 |access-date=2023-08-13 |website=www.gutenberg.org}} The third quality is known as Palai, which refers to proper sizing of materials and a stiffened structure.
Contemporary Western clothing is moving away from the traditional Panung style of dressing.{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jx9RAQAAIAAJ&q=%22Panung%22+-wikipedia |title=The Journal of the Siam Society |date=1951 |publisher=The Society |pages=218 |language=en}}
Images
Image:พระเจ้าบรมวงศ์เธอ พระองค์เจ้านารีรัตนา.jpg|Princess Nariratana, was the daughter of King Mongkut (Rama IV) wearing pha nung and pha biang
Image:Queen Somanass of Siam.jpg|Queen Somanass Waddhanawathy, a first queen of King Mongkut (Rama IV) wearing pha nung and pha biang
Image:Tieng Rojanadis in King Rama IV.jpg|Tieng Rojanadis, was a consort of King Mongkut (Rama IV) wearing pha nung and pha biang
Image:Queen_Debsirindra.jpg|Queen Debsirindra, the second consort of King Mongkut wearing pha nung and pha biang, 1855
Image:Princess Ying Yaowalak Akkharatchasuda.jpg|Princess Ying Yaowalak Akkharatchasuda (1851–1886), was the daughter of King Mongkut wearing pha nung and pha biang
Image:Queen Savang Vadhana in 1879.jpg|Queen Savang Vadhana, a consort of King Chulalongkorn (Rama V) wearing pha nung and pha biang, in 1879
Image:Dara Rasami @ Dusit House.jpg|Princess Dara Rasmi, a princess of Chiang Mai wearing pha nung and pha biang at Dusit Palace, 1909
Image:Ban Khung Taphao05.jpg|Thai children wearing pha nung and pha biang
Image:111 Women (9163948661).jpg|Painting of Siamese womans wearing pha nung and pha biang in Wat Pho, Bangkok
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
{{Clothing}}
{{Folk costume}}
{{Thailand-stub}}