Papyrus 12
{{New Testament manuscript infobox
| form = Papyrus
| number = 𝔓12
| image = Papyrus 12 - Papyrus Amherst 3b - Morgan Library, Pap. Gr. 3 - Epistle to the Hebrews 1,1.jpg
| isize = 300
| caption=
| name = P. Amherst 3b
| sign =
| text = Epistle to the Hebrews 1 †
| script = Greek
| date = 3rd century
| found = Egypt 1897
| now at = The Morgan Library & Museum
| cite = B. P. Grenfell & A. S. Hunt, The Amherst Papyri I, (London 1900), pp. 28-31 (P. Amherst 3 b)
| size = 20,8 cm x 23 cm
| type = Alexandrian text-type ?
| cat = I
| hand =
| note =
}}
Papyrus 12 is an early papyrus manuscript copy of the New Testament Epistle to the Hebrews verse 1:1 in Greek. It is designated by the siglum {{papyrus|12}} in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts, and α 1033 in the von Soden numbering of New Testament manuscripts. Using the study of comparative writing styles (palaeography), it has been assigned to ca. 285. It may have been a writing exercise or an amulet.{{Cite book | first1=Philip Wesley | last1=Comfort | author-link1=Philip Comfort | first2=David P. | last2=Barrett | title=The Text of the Earliest New Testament Greek Manuscripts | page=61 | year=2001 | publisher=Tyndale House Publishers | location=Wheaton, Illinois | isbn=978-0-8423-5265-9}}
Description
The verse has been written at the top of the second column by another (likely later) writer in three lines.{{r|Comfort|p=82}} It has been written in a small uncial hand.B. P. Grenfell & A. S. Hunt, The Amherst Papyri I, (London 1900), p. 30. On the verso of this manuscript another writer has penned Genesis 1:1-5 according to the Greek Septuagint.{{r|Comfort}}
| class="wikitable"
|+ Text{{r|Grenfell}} | ||
| Greek Text Transcription | Transliteration | English Translation |
|---|---|---|
| πολυμερως κ(αι) πολυ[τρο]πως | polymenōs k(ai) poly[tro]pōs | In many parts and in many ways |
| παλε ο {{overline|ΘΣ}} λαλήσ[α]ς το[ις π]ατρα | pale ho Theos lalēs[a]s to[is p]atra | long ago God spoke to the fathe- |
| σ[ιν] ημ[ω]ν εν τοις προ[φ]ητα[ις] | s[in] hēm[ō]n en tois pro[ph]ēta[is] | rs our by the prophets |
It has an error of itacism (παλε instead of παλαι, palai, meaning "long ago, formerly"), and includes the nomen sacrum {{overline|ΘΣ}} for Theos, "God".{{r|Comfort}} The Greek text of this small portion of Hebrews is probably a representative of the Alexandrian text-type, but its text is too brief for certainty. Biblical scholar Kurt Aland placed it in Category I of his New Testament manuscript classification system.{{Cite book | first1=Kurt | last1=Aland | author-link=Kurt Aland | first2 =Barbara | last2=Aland | author-link2=Barbara Aland | translator=Erroll F. Rhodes | title=The Text of the New Testament: An Introduction to the Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modern Textual Criticism | page=97 | year=1995 | publisher=William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company | location=Grand Rapids | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2pYDsAhUOxAC&pg=PA97 | isbn=978-0-8028-4098-1}} It supports the textual variant {{lang|el|ημων}} (hēmōn, "our") as in codices {{Papyrus link|46}}{{sup|c}} a t v vgmss Peshitta.NA26, p. 563.
History
The manuscript was discovered in 1897 by papyrologists Bernard Grenfell and Arthur Hunt in the Fayum, Egypt.{{r|Comfort}} It is currently housed at The Morgan Library & Museum (Pap. Gr. 3; P. Amherst 3b) in New York City.{{r|Aland}}{{Cite web | title=Handschriftenliste: Papyrus 12 | publisher=Institute for New Testament Textual Research | url=http://intf.uni-muenster.de/vmr/NTVMR/ListeHandschriften.php?ObjID=10012 | access-date=23 August 2012 | location=Münster}}
See also
References
{{Reflist}}
Further reading
- B. P. Grenfell & A. S. Hunt, [https://archive.org/stream/amherstpapyribei01grenuoft#page/34/mode/1up The Amherst Papyri I], (London 1900), pp. 30–31. (P. Amherst 3 b).
- {{Cite book
| last = Gregory
| first = Caspar René
| author-link = Caspar René Gregory
| title = Die griechischen Handschriften des Neuen Testament
| publisher = J.C. Hinrichs’sche Buchhandlung
| year = 1908
| location = Leipzig
| page = 47
| url = https://archive.org/stream/diegriechischen00greggoog#page/n57/mode/2up
}}
External links
{{Commons category}}
- [https://www.themorgan.org/manuscript/350198 Digital Images of the manuscript] online at the Morgan Museum & Library website.
- {{Rahlfs catalogue|author=Alfred Rahlfs|date=7 April 2023}}
{{New Testament papyri}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Papyrus 0012}}
Category:3rd-century biblical manuscripts
Category:Septuagint manuscripts
Category:Early Greek manuscripts of the New Testament