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Parachlamydiaceae

{{Short description|Family of bacteria}}

{{Automatic taxobox

| taxon = Parachlamydiaceae

| authority = Everett et al., 1999 {{cite journal |author=Karin D. E. Everett, Robin M. Bush & Arthur A. Andersen |year=1999 |title=Emended description of the order Chlamydiales, proposal of Parachlamydiaceae fam. nov. and Simkaniaceae fam. nov., each containing one monotypic genus, revised taxonomy of the family Chlamydiaceae, including a new genus and five new species, and standards for identification of organisms |journal=International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology |volume=49 |issue=2 |pages=415–440 |pmid=10319462 |doi=10.1099/00207713-49-2-415|url=https://naldc-legacy.nal.usda.gov/naldc/download.xhtml?id=26011&content=PDF |doi-access=free }}

| subdivision_ranks = Genera

| subdivision =

}}

Parachlamydiaceae is a family of bacteria in the order Chlamydiales. Species in this family have a Chlamydia–like cycle of replication and their ribosomal RNA genes are 80–90% identical to ribosomal genes in the Chlamydiaceae. The Parachlamydiaceae naturally infect amoebae and can be grown in cultured Vero cells. The Parachlamydiaceae are not recognized by monoclonal antibodies that detect Chlamydiaceae lipopolysaccharide.{{Citation needed|date=September 2009}}

Phylogeny

The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN){{cite web | author=J.P. Euzéby | url=https://lpsn.dsmz.de/family/parachlamydiaceae | title=Parachlamydiaceae | access-date=2022-09-09 | publisher=List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN)}} and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI){{cite web |author = Sayers| url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Undef&id=92713&lvl=3&keep=1&srchmode=1&unlock |title=Parachlamydiaceae |access-date=2022-09-09 |publisher=National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database |display-authors=et al.}}

class="wikitable"
colspan=1 | 16S rRNA based LTP_10_2024{{cite web|title=The LTP |url=https://imedea.uib-csic.es/mmg/ltp/#LTP| access-date=10 December 2024}}{{cite web|title=LTP_all tree in newick format| url=https://imedea.uib-csic.es/mmg/ltp/wp-content/uploads/ltp/LTP_all_10_2024.ntree |access-date=10 December 2024}}{{cite web|title=LTP_10_2024 Release Notes| url=https://imedea.uib-csic.es/mmg/ltp/wp-content/uploads/ltp/LTP_10_2024_release_notes.pdf |access-date=10 December 2024}}

! colspan=1 | 120 marker proteins based GTDB 09-RS220{{cite web |title=GTDB release 09-RS220 |url=https://gtdb.ecogenomic.org/about#4%7C |website=Genome Taxonomy Database|access-date=10 May 2024}}{{cite web |title=bac120_r220.sp_labels |url=https://data.gtdb.ecogenomic.org/releases/release220/220.0/auxillary_files/bac120_r220.sp_labels.tree |website=Genome Taxonomy Database|access-date=10 May 2024}}{{cite web |title=Taxon History |url=https://gtdb.ecogenomic.org/taxon_history/ |website=Genome Taxonomy Database|access-date=10 May 2024}}

style="vertical-align:top|

{{Clade | style=font-size:90%;line-height:80%

|label1=Parachlamydiaceae

|1={{clade

|1=Neochlamydia hartmannellae

|2=Parachlamydia acanthamoebae

}}

}}

|

{{Clade | style=font-size:90%;line-height:80%

|1={{clade

|1={{clade

|label1=Parachlamydiaceae_B

|1="Ca. Rubidus massiliensis" Pagnier et al. 2015

}}

|2={{clade

|1={{clade

|1=Waddliaceae

|2="Criblamydiaceae"

}}

|2={{clade

|label1=Parachlamydiaceae

|1={{clade

|1={{clade

|1=Neochlamydia hartmannellae Horn et al. 2001

|2=Parachlamydia acanthamoebae Everett, Bush & Andersen 1999

}}

|2={{clade

|label1="Ca. Protochlamydia"

|1={{clade

|1="Ca. P. phocaeensis" Bou Khalil et al. 2017

|2={{clade

|1="Ca. P. amoebophila" Collingro et al. 2005

|2="Ca. P. naegleriophila" Casson et al. 2006

}}

}}

}}

}}

}}

}}

}}

}}

Note: GTDB RS226 considers Rubidus part of Parachlamydiaceae proper.

Unassigned species:

Isolated Endosymbionts include:

  • Hall's coccus
  • P9
  • UV-7
  • endosymbiont of Acanthamoeba sp. TUME1
  • endosymbiont of Acanthamoeba sp. UWC22
  • endosymbiont of Acanthamoeba sp. UWE1

Uncultured lineages include:

  • Neochlamydia turtle type 1
  • environmental Neochlamydia
  • corvenA4
  • cvC15
  • cvC7
  • cvE5

Parachlamydia acanthamoebae has variable Gram staining characteristics and is mesophilic. Trophozoites of Acanthamoeba hosting these strains were isolated from asymptomatic women in Germany and also in an outbreak of humidifier fever (‘Hall’s coccus’) in Vermont USA.{{Citation needed|date=September 2009}} Four patients from Nova Scotia whose sera recognized Hall's coccus did not show serological cross-reaction with antigens from the Chlamydiaceae.{{cite journal |author1=R. J. Birtles |author2=T. J. Rowbotham |author3=C. Storey |author4=T. J. Marrie |author5=D. Raoult |year=1997 |title=Chlamydia-like obligate parasite of free-living amoebae |journal=The Lancet |volume=349 |issue=9056 |pages=925–926 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(05)62701-8 |pmid=9093261}}

See also

Notes

Metachlamydia lacustris and Protochlamydia species were found at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) but have no standing with the Bacteriological Code (1990 and subsequent Revision) as detailed by List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) as a result of the following reasons:

• No pure culture isolated or available for prokaryotes.

• Not validly published because the effective publication only documents deposit of the type strain in a single recognized culture collection.

• Not approved and published by the International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology or the International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology (IJSB/IJSEM).

References

{{Reflist|2}}

{{Bacteria classification}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q7133892}}

Category:Chlamydiota

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