Paraguayan Argentines

{{Short description|Large ethnic group}}

{{Infobox ethnic group

|group = Paraguayan Argentines

| native_name = {{native name|gn|Paraguaiguakuéra Arahentínape}}
{{native name|es|Paraguayo-argentinos}}

|flag = {{flagicon|Argentina}} {{flagicon|Paraguay}}

|image = Paraguayos en Argentina (2022).svg

|caption = People born in Paraguay by province according to 2022 census.
(Not including descendants of Paraguayans)

|population = 522.598 (by birth, 2022){{cite news |access-date=8 March 2024 |agency=INDEC |title=Censo 2022 |url=https://www.indec.gob.ar/indec/web/Nivel4-Tema-2-41-165}}
+2.000.000 (by ancestry){{cite web|url=https://www.abc.com.py/edicion-impresa/politica/mas-de-2-millones-viven-en-argentina-1642544.html|title=Más de dos millones viven en Argentina|website=ABC|date=20 October 2017|language=Spanish }}
4.5% of the Argentine population

|popplace = Buenos Aires City and the provinces of Buenos Aires, Formosa and Misiones

|langs = Spanish{{·}}Guarani

|rels = Roman Catholicism

|related = Paraguayans{{·}}Paraguayan Americans

}}

Paraguayan Argentines ({{langx|gn|Paraguaiguakuéra Arahentínape}}, {{langx|es|Paraguayo-argentinos}}) are Argentine citizens of predominantly or total Paraguayan descent or Paraguay-born people who reside in Argentina. Paraguayan people comprise an important ethnic group in the country due to the sustained immigration that gained importance in the 1970s. The number of people born in Paraguay living in Argentina has been estimated to be about 550,000.{{cite web|url=http://www.fmbolivia.com.bo/noticia8174-creciente-numero-de-paraguayos-y-bolivianos-en-argentina.html |title=Creciente número de paraguayos y bolivianos en Argentina :: Noticias de Bolivia de último momento |publisher=Fmbolivia.com.bo |access-date=2012-08-11}}{{cite web|url=http://www.ultimahora.com/notas/196152-Casi-300.000-paraguayos-se-radicaron-en-Argentina-en-3-a%C3%B1os?noticiasOrder=Sorter_titular¬iciasDir=DESC¬iciasPage=33 |title=Casi 300.000 paraguayos se radicaron en Argentina en 3 años |publisher=UltimaHora.com |access-date=2012-08-11}} Therefore, it is the largest foreign community in the country outnumbering individuals from Italy and Spain (countries which have been historically regarded as the origin of the backbone of Argentine society). It is also one of the fastest growing foreign nationalities. Despite all this, its numbers have been undercounted so it is believed that the real amount is even much higher.

History

File:Argentina - Misiones - Oberá - Fiesta del Inmigrante 2014 - Desfile Inaugural 34.JPG.]]

The North-Eastern provinces of Argentina were originally inhabited by Guarani tribes conforming with what is now Paraguay and several regions of Brazil the area of influence of Guarani culture. This influence can be seen nowadays in many common cultural features. However, the earliest presence of Paraguayans as an ethnic group can be traced back much later, to the second foundation (and the real permanent settlement) of the city of Buenos Aires by Juan de Garay who sailed down Parana River from Asuncion accompanied by local Mestizo and Guarani families. In addition, there have always been certain connections between the two countries during later periods of the Spanish rule, especially when the Viceroyalty of the Rio de la Plata was created in 1776 which included several Intendencias, among them the Intendencia of Paraguay and Intendencia of Buenos Aires.

There has been Paraguayan presence in Argentine soil during and after the Paraguayan War and after the Revolution of 1947{{cite web |url=http://www.telpin.com.ar/interneteducativa/Proyectos/2003/Inmigrantes/marcohistorico.htm |title=Marco Teórico |publisher=Telpin.com.ar |date=2001-01-14 |access-date=2012-08-11 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100426025849/http://www.telpin.com.ar/interneteducativa/Proyectos/2003/Inmigrantes/marcohistorico.htm |archive-date=2010-04-26 }} in Paraguay but it did not acquire importance before 1970. For many economic reasons (Paraguay being an impoverished country) and political reasons (Stroessner dictatorship), Paraguayans started to settle in larger amounts throughout the wealthier neighbouring territory. Another fact was the porosity of Argentine borders and that the population density has always been disproportionally higher in the Eastern region (Argentine-Brazilian border) rather than the Western region or Chaco (Bolivian border).

File:Dia_del_inmigrante_027_(6237604157).jpg on Immigrant's Day in Buenos Aires.]]

Very different from other immigrant communities in Argentina (European and Middle-Eastern), Paraguayan entrance has been large (with insignificant return rate) and constant even to these days which makes up to 40 years of sustained immigration that does not seem to stop or decline in the future.

Distribution

{{multiple image

| header = Paraguayan Argentines

| align = right

| alt2 =

| caption2 =

| width2 = 150

| image2 = Paraguayos en Argentina por provincia - 2010.png

| alt1 =

| caption1 =

| width1 = 150

| image1 = Eternal brothers, eternos-hermanos (1).png

| direction = horizontal

| total_width = 300

| footer = The maps of Paraguay and Argentina (left), the distribution of Paraguayan Argentines by Argentine provinces (2010) (right).

}}

File:Paraguayans in Argentina (2022).svg

According to the {{census-ar|2010}}, the distribution of Paraguayan-born residents in Argentina is not evenly spread throughout Argentina's territory: Buenos Aires and the Buenos Aires Province are the top destinations for Paraguayans. In addition, due to geographical proximity facilitating movement and cultural exchange, 40% of the Paraguayan-born community is settled in provinces of the Northeastern region of Argentina, namely Misiones, Corrientes, Formosa, Santa Fe, Córdoba and Chaco, which are near the Argentina–Paraguay border. The 10% left is spread throughout the rest of the provinces.{{cite web|url=http://www.indec.gov.ar/nivel4_default.asp?id_tema_1=2&id_tema_2=41&id_tema_3=135|title=Censo 2010 - Población total nacida en el extranjero por lugar de nacimiento, según sexo y grupo de edad (ver por provincias) |work=National Institute of Statistics and Census |date=2010|access-date=26 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151219020146/http://www.indec.gov.ar/nivel4_default.asp?id_tema_1=2&id_tema_2=41&id_tema_3=135 |archive-date=19 December 2015|language=es}}

class="wikitable sortable"
rowspan="2" | #

! rowspan="2" | Province

! colspan="2" | Paraguayan-born people

#

! %

align=center | 1

| {{flagicon|Buenos Aires Province}} Buenos Aires Province

| align=right | 392,697

| align=right | 71.31 %

align=center | 2

| {{flagicon|Buenos Aires}} City of Buenos Aires

| align=right | 80,325

| align=right | 15.00 %

align=center | 3

| {{flagicon|Misiones}} Misiones

| align=right | 26,799

| align=right | 4.87 %

align=center | 4

| {{flagicon|Formosa}} Formosa

| align=right | 20,280

| align=right | 3.68 %

align=center | 5

| {{flagicon|Santa Fe}} Santa Fe

| align=right | 8,154

| align=right | 1.48 %

align=center | 6

| {{flagicon|Chaco}} Chaco

| align=right | 4,089

| align=right | 0.74 %

align=center | 7

| {{flagicon|Córdoba}} Córdoba

| align=right | 4,064

| align=right | 0.73 %

align=center | 8

| {{flagicon|Corrientes}} Corrientes

| align=right | 3,397

| align=right | 0.62 %

align=center | 9

| {{flagicon|Chubut}} Chubut

| align=right | 1,911

| align=right | 0.35 %

align=center | 10

| {{flagicon|Entre Ríos}} Entre Ríos

| align=right | 1,420

| align=right | 0.26 %

align=center | 11

| {{flagicon|Santa Cruz}} Santa Cruz

| align=right | 1,368

| align=right | 0.25 %

align=center | 12

| {{flagicon|Río Negro (Argentina)}} Río Negro

| align=right | 1,123

| align=right | 0.20 %

align=center | 13

| {{flagicon|Neuquén}} Neuquén

| align=right | 1,122

| align=right | 0.20 %

align=center | 14

| {{flagicon|Salta}} Salta

| align=right | 651

| align=right | 0.12 %

align=center | 15

| {{flagicon|Mendoza}} Mendoza

| align=right | 587

| align=right | 0.11 %

align=center | 16

| {{flagicon|Tierra del Fuego}} Tierra del Fuego

| align=right | 532

| align=right | 0.10 %

align=center | 17

| {{flagicon|Tucumán}} Tucumán

| align=right | 439

| align=right | 0.08 %

align=center | 18

| {{flagicon|La Pampa}} La Pampa

| align=right | 406

| align=right | 0.07 %

align=center | 19

| {{flagicon|San Luis}} San Luis

| align=right | 397

| align=right | 0.07 %

align=center | 20

| {{flagicon|Santiago del Estero}} Santiago del Estero

| align=right | 316

| align=right | 0.05 %

align=center | 21

| {{flagicon|Jujuy}} Jujuy

| align=right | 311

| align=right | 0.05 %

align=center | 22

| {{flagicon|Catamarca}} Catamarca

| align=right | 123

| align=right | 0.02 %

align=center | 23

| {{flagicon|La Rioja (Argentina)}} La Rioja

| align=right | 114

| align=right | 0.02 %

align=center | 24

| {{flagicon|San Juan}} San Juan

| align=right | 88

| align=right | 0.01 %

Total

| style="background:#ececec;" align=left | {{flagicon|Argentina}} Argentina

| style="background:#ececec;" align=right | 550,713

| style="background:#ececec;" align=right | 100%

style="background:#dc143c; color:white; font-size:120%" align=center

! Paraguayans in Argentina according to INDEC and RENAPER

align="center"

|

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bar: 1947 at: 93248 fontsize:S text: 93,248 shift:(0,4)

bar: 1960 at: 155269 fontsize:S text: 155,269 shift:(0,2)

bar: 1970 at: 212200 fontsize:S text: 212,200 shift:(0,2)

bar: 1980 at: 262799 fontsize:S text: 262,799 shift:(0,4)

bar: 1991 at: 250450 fontsize:S text: 250,450 shift:(0,5)

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bar: 2010 at: 550713 fontsize:S text: 550,713 shift:(0,5)

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Source: The National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (INDEC)[http://www.estadistica.sanluis.gov.ar/estadisticaWeb/Contenido/Pagina148/File/LIBRO/censo2010_tomo1.pdf Censo Nacional de Argentina del año 2010]{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/20160409013106/http://www.estadistica.sanluis.gov.ar/estadisticaWeb/Contenido/Pagina148/File/LIBRO/censo2010_tomo1.pdf}} and the National Register of persons (RENAPER){{cite web |title=Datos sociodemográficos por país de nacimiento |url=https://estadisticas.renaper.gob.ar/app_extranjeros/ |website=RENAPER - Dirección Nacional de Población |access-date=15 November 2023}}
Graphic prepared by: Wikipedia

Traditions

{{image frame|content={{Photomontage

| photo1a = Mbeyú_paraguayo.jpg

| photo2a = Reviro_con_tycue'i.png

| photo2b = Vorí_vorí_paraguay.jpg

| photo3a = Empanada_paraguaya.jpg

| photo3b = Termo_paraguayo.jpg

| photo4a = Chipa_131450.jpg

| size = 150

| text = Some elements of the Paraguayan cuisine that are not only appreciated by Paraguayan Argentines but also by all residents of Argentina; Mbeju, Reviro, Bori-Bori, Paraguayan Empanadas, Tereré, Chipa.

}}

}}

Some cultural elements shared by Argentina and Paraguay include the consumption of yerba mate (Ilex paraguayensis) in the form of mate, a traditional infused drink with hot water claimed by Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay as the national drink, as well as Tereré, a traditional infused drink with cold water and Mate cocido, a traditional infused drink with hot water, both originally from Paraguay; Chamame, folk music genre with its origins in Guarani Jesuit Missions mixed with European styles, and the use of the Guaraní Language, which is the official language of Paraguay and second official language of the Argentine Corrientes Province since 24 September 2004.

Guarani placenames in Argentina

= Corrientes =

Ituzaingó

Curuzú Cuatiá

Caá Catí

Cerro Corá

Mburucuyá ("Passion flower" the National flower of Paraguay)

Mocoretá

Tabay ("small town")

Tapebicua

Tatacuá ("the hole of the fire")

Taragui

Yahapé

Yataytí Calle

Yapeyú

Itatí

Itá Ibaté ("tall stone")

Guaviraví

Vaca Cuá

Ita Corá

Aguay

= Misiones =

Oberá ("shiny")

Caa Yarí

Capiobí

Caraguatay

Garuhapé

Garuhapé-Mi

Garupá

Guaraní

Itacaruaré

Mbopicuá ("hole of the bat")

Panambí ("butterfly")

Pindapoy

Piray Kilómetro 18

Puerto Iguazú (Iguazú meaning "large water")

Puerto Piray (Piray meaning "small fish")

Tarumá

Tacuaruzú

Cuña-Pirú

= Chaco =

Samuhú ("Chorisia" a kind of subtropical tree)

Colonia Tacuarí

El Paranacito

= Salta =

Aguaray

Yariguarenda

Yacuy

El Aguay

Acambuco

Itangua

Tobantirenda

Capiazuti

= Santa Fe =

Tacuarendí ("sugarcane fields")

El Arazá

Caraguatay

Aguará Grande

Ñanducita ("small spider")

Tacural ("anthills")

Vera ("shiny")

Carcarañá ("mean caracara")

= Santiago del Estero =

Añatuya

Caburé

Urutaú

= Tucumán =

Tukumã

Tapia ("wall")

El Timbo

= Formosa =

Pirané ("smelly fish")

Ibarreta

Yatai

Tatané

= Entre Ríos =

Gualeguay

Paraná

Mandisoví

Villaguay

Ubajay

Gualeguaychú

Chajarí

Ñancay

Ibicuy

= Buenos Aires Province =

Pehuajó, Reta "retã" ("country or nation"), Mar de Ajó, Mar del Tuyú, San Bernardo del Tuyú, Ituzaingó ("waterfall")

= Rivers =

Paraná

Paraguay ("colorful water")

Uruguay ("water of the birds")

Carapari

Gualeguay

Gualeguaychú

Guayquiraró

Rivers of the Paraná Delta Ibicuy

Notable Paraguayan Argentines

{{Main|Category:Argentine people of Paraguayan descent}}

=Politicians=

File:Aníbal Ibarra (Legislatura).png, former mayor of Buenos Aires.]]

=Arts and culture=

File:Mariana Enríquez (2019).jpg, journalist and writer]]

=Sportspeople=

File:Leandro Paredes 2018.jpg, footballer.]]

{{Main|Category:Argentine sportspeople of Paraguayan descent}}

See also

References

{{Reflist}}