Paramysis

{{Automatic taxobox

| image = Paramysis ullkyi Caspian Sea malehead.jpg

| image_caption = Head of Paramysis ullskyi

| display_parents = 2

| taxon = Paramysis

| authority = Czerniavsky, 1882

}}

Paramysis (from the Greek affix {{lang|el|para-}}, "near", "beside", and the genus name Mysis) is a genus of mysid crustaceans (Mysidacea) in family Mysidae, distributed in coastal zone of low boreal East Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean Sea and the basins of Black Sea, Sea of Azov and Caspian Sea (Ponto-Caspian Basin).

Biogeography

The majority of Paramysis species are brackish- or freshwater endemics of the Ponto-Caspian Basin; some of them naturally spread more than {{convert|500|km}} up large rivers, including the Volga, Don, Dnieper and Danube. A number of Ponto-Caspian species have been introduced outside the native range. Marine species from the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea have probably descended from ancient Ponto-Caspian populations.{{cite journal |author1=Asta Audzijonyte |author2=Mikhail E. Daneliya |author3=Nikolai Mugue |author4=Risto Väinölä |year=2008 |title=Phylogeny of Paramysis (Crustacea: Mysida) and the origin of Ponto-Caspian endemic diversity: Resolving power from nuclear protein-coding genes |journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution |volume=46 |issue=2 |pages=738–759 |doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2007.11.009 |url=http://mugue.narod.ru/mk_papers/Asta_MPE2008.pdf |pmid=18187346}}

Diversity

There are 24 species{{cite journal |author=R. Labat |year=1953 |title=Paramysis nouveli n. sp. et Paramysis bacescoi n. sp. deux espéces de Mysidacés confondues, jusqu'à présent, avec Paramysis helleri (G. O. Sars, 1877) |journal=Bulletin of the Institute of Oceanography, Monaco |volume=1034 |issue=5 |pages=1–24}}{{cite journal |author=M. E. Daneliya |year=2004 |title=K sistematike mizid roda Paramysis (Crustacea, Mysidacea) iz basseina Ponto-Kaspiya |journal=Zoologicheskii Zhurnal |volume=83 |pages=408–416}}{{cite journal |author=M. E. Daneliya, A. Audzijonyte & R. Väinölä |year=2007 |title=Diversity within the Ponto-Caspian Paramysis baeri Czerniavsky sensu lato revisited: P. bakuensis G. O. Sars restored (Crustacea: Mysida: Mysidae) |journal=Zootaxa |volume=1632 |pages=21–36 |url=http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2007f/z01632p036f.pdf |doi=10.11646/zootaxa.1632.1.2 }} classified into 7 subgenera.{{cite book |author=A. N. Derzhavin |year=1939 |title=Mizidy Kaspiya |publisher=Izdatelstvo AzFAN |location=Baku, Azerbaijan}}{{cite journal |author=M. Băcescu |year=1940 |title=Les Mysidacés des eaux roumaines (étude taxonomique, morphologique, bio-géographique et biologique) |journal=Extrait des Annales Scientifiques de l'Université de Jassy |volume=26 |issue=2 |pages=453–804}}{{cite journal |author=K.J. Wittmann, A.P. Ariani, M. Daneliya |year=2016 |title=The Mysidae (Crustacea: Peracarida: Mysida) in fresh and oligohaline waters of the Mediterranean. Taxonomy, biogeography, and bioinvasion |journal=Zootaxa |volume=4142 |issue=1 |pages=1–70 |doi=10.11646/zootaxa.4142.1.1|pmid=27470833 }} Body length ranges from {{convert|1|to|4|cm|1}}. The largest species, like P. eurylepis, P. inflata, are found only in the Caspian Sea. Generic characters: subrostral plate; large eyes on short stalk; antennal scale with smooth outer margin, ended by strong spine, and distal segment rudimentary with five setae; four segments of pereiopod 1–4 carpopropodus; five segments in pleopod 4 of male. Consumed by fishes; particularly important for juvenile sturgeons and zander.

Two extinct species, previously included into this genus,{{cite journal |author=G. Voicu |year=1974 |title=Identification des Myside's fossiles dans les depots du Miocène supérieur de la Paratéthys Centrale et Orientale et leur importance paléontologique, stratigraphique et paléogéographique |journal=Geol. Carpath. |volume=25 |pages=23l–239}}{{cite journal |doi=10.2307/1485236 |author=G. Voicu |year=1981 |title=Upper Miocene and Recent mysid statoliths in Central and Eastern Paratethys |journal=Micropaleontology |volume=27 |issue=3 |pages=227–247 |jstor=1485236}} have been recently moved into extinct genus Sarmysis.{{cite journal |author1=I. Petrescu |author2=K. Wittmann |year=2009 |title=Catalogue of the Mysida type collection (Crustacea: Peracarida) from the "Grigore Antipa" National Museum of Natural History (Bucuresti) |journal= Travaux du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle "Grigore Antipa" |volume=52 |pages=53–72}}