Parides proneus
{{Short description|Species of butterfly}}
{{Speciesbox
| image = Parides proneus-1.jpg
| image_caption = Parides proneus observed in Brazil
| image2 =File:MZLU-00129338 (51055348213).jpg
| image2_caption = Parides proneus MZLU
| status =
| taxon = Parides proneus
| authority = (Hübner, [1831])
| synonyms =
- Hectorides proneus Hübner, [1831]
- Papilio phryneus Lucas, 1852
- Papilio fallax Röber, 1925
}}
Parides proneus is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is found in Brazil and Paraguay.
Description
Males and females:both wings with narrow white band, the red submarginal spots of the hindwing straight or slightly curved; anal spot not v-shaped. No discal spot proximal of the anal submarginal one. Width of central band and
the number of spots composing it on hindwing variable.
Jordan, K., in Seitz, A. ( 1907) . The Macrolepidoptera of the World. 5: The Macrolepidoptera of the American faunistic region. Papilionidae 1-45. {{PD-notice}}
A full description is provided by Rothschild, W. and Jordan, K. (1906).Rothschild, W. & Jordan, K. (1906). [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/21926#page/8/mode/2up "A revision of the American Papilios"]. Novitates Zoologicae. 13: 411-752. (Facsimile edition ed. P.H. Arnaud, 1967) {{PD-notice}}
Life cycle
The larva feeds on Aristolochia melastoma.
Taxonomy
Parides phalaecus is a member of the ascanius species group
Goecke & Evers {{ISBN|9783937783277}} ("Fringe-spots white. Hindwing with submarginal spots and usnally also discal spots or dots, or a discal band; a quadrate whitish spot in space 2 of the forewing; mostly with tail). A quadrate whitish spot in space 2 of the forewings is quite peculiar of the ascanius groupRacheli, Tommaso an Olmisani. Luca 1998. A cladistic analysis of the genus Parides Hubner, [1819], based on androconial structures (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae). Neue Ent. Nachr. (Marktleuthen),41:119-131.[http://www.zobodat.at/stable/pdf/Neue-Entomologische-Nachrichten_41_0119-0131.pdf pdf]
The members are
:*Parides agavus (Drury, 1782)
:*Parides alopius (Godman & Salvin, [1890])
:*Parides ascanius (Cramer, [1775])
:*Parides bunichus (Hübner, [1821])
:*Parides gundlachianus (C. & R. Felder, 1864)
:*Parides montezuma (Westwood, 1842)
:*Parides phalaecus (Hewitson, 1869)
:*Parides photinus (Doubleday, 1844)
:*Parides proneus (Hübner, [1831])
Status
A common species and not known to be threatened.{{cite book |last1=Collins |first1=N. Mark |last2=Morris |first2=Michael G. |title=Threatened Swallowtail Butterflies of the World: The IUCN Red Data Book |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/98674#page/7/mode/1up |year=1985 |publisher=IUCN |location=Gland & Cambridge |isbn=978-2-88032-603-6 |via=Biodiversity Heritage Library}}
References
{{Reflist}}
- Möhn, Edwin (2006). Schmetterlinge der Erde. Butterflies of the World Part XXVI (26), Papilionidae XIII. Parides. Edited by Erich Bauer and Thomas Frankenbach Keltern: Goecke & Evers; Canterbury: Hillside Books. {{ISBN|978-3-937783-27-7}} (Supplement 13 in English - by Racheli)
External links
- [http://en.butterflycorner.net/Parides-proneus.1451.0.html Butterfly Corner] Images from Naturhistorisches Museum Wien
- [http://www.butterfliesofamerica.com/L/parides_proneus_types.htm Images] of the type specimen
{{Taxonbar|from=Q13488978}}
Category:Butterflies described in 1831
Category:Papilionidae of South America