Parinda

Kishan and Karan are orphaned brothers who grew up on the streets of Bombay. To provide Karan with a better upbringing and education, Kishan works for Anna Seth, a gangster who owns an oil factory as a front for his illegal activities. Unaware of his brother's affiliation with a gang, Karan returns to Bombay after completing his studies in the United States. Inspector Prakash, Karan's friend, knows Anna is a gangster, but he is unable to arrest him due to lack of evidence. Anna plans to have Prakash killed during his reunion with Karan. Attempting to prevent this, Kishan books an earlier flight for Karan, but it is delayed and Anna's henchmen shoot Prakash, who dies in Karan's arms.

Paro, Prakash's sister and Karan's childhood friend, believes Karan is responsible for her brother's death. Karan learns from Anna's former messenger Iqbal that Anna is Kishan's boss and that Anna orchestrated Prakash's murder. He is also told that Anna burnt his wife and developed pyrophobia. Karan tells Paro that Anna and Kishan killed Prakash; they fall in love with each other.

A few days later, Abdul is arrested and Karan recognises him as one of Prakash's killers. Kishan warns Karan against testifying, and is wounded when Anna's henchmen shoot at Karan. When Karan is summoned to identify the assailants at police headquarters, Abdul extorts his silence, threatening that Kishan will be killed by his home nurse if Karan testifies. Karan decides not to testify, and instead joins Anna's gang to get close to the crime boss. Anna tests Karan's resolve by ordering him to shoot Iqbal, who shoots himself so Karan can continue his plan without guilt.

The next day, Anna orders Karan to kill rival gangster Musa, while accompanied by his gunman Francis. Karan kills Francis and joins Musa instead. Karan abducts Anna's aide Rama Reddy and brings him to Musa. Karan takes pictures of Rama and Musa together to convince Anna that Rama betrayed him and shot Francis. Karan then murders Rama on Anna's orders. With Musa's help, Karan kills Abdul and completes his mission to avenge Prakash's murder. Karan and Paro are married, and plan on leaving the city. Told by Musa that Karan had been manipulating him, Anna shoots and kills Karan and Paro on their wedding night. To avenge his brother's death, Kishan goes to Anna's residence and burns him to death.

{{div col|colwidth=35em}}

• Jackie Shroff as Kishan Choudhary
• Anil Kapoor as Karan Choudhary
• Madhuri Dixit as Paromita "Paro" Nair
• Nana Patekar as Anna Seth
• Anupam Kher as Inspector Prakash Nair
• Suresh Oberoi as Abdul
• Tom Alter as Musa
• Anang Desai as Inspector Mirani
• Kamal Chopra as Rama Reddy
• Shiv Kumar Subramaniam as Francis
• Achyut Potdar as a Marriage Priest
• Vidhu Vinod Chopra as a corpse
• Sameer Khakhar as Iqbal
• Dilip Kulkarni as Inspector Chauhan

{{div col end}}

File:Vidhu Vinod Chopra March 2015.jpg

In 1985, director Vidhu Vinod Chopra made the suspense thriller film {{Lang|hi-latn|Khamosh}}, starring Naseeruddin Shah, Shabana Azmi and Amol Palekar. The film failed to find distributors and Chopra released a single print at Mumbai's Regal Cinema.{{Cite web |date=24 October 2014 |title=Vidhu Vinod Chopra Talks About the Genesis of Parinda |url=https://www.ndtv.com/video/entertainment/news/vidhu-vinod-chopra-talks-about-the-genesis-of-parinda-342616 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171112132203/https://www.ndtv.com/video/entertainment/news/vidhu-vinod-chopra-talks-about-the-genesis-of-parinda-342616 |archive-date=12 November 2017 |access-date=12 November 2017 |website=NDTV}} In retrospect, Chopra expressed his frustration that nobody would buy {{Lang|hi-latn|Khamosh}} and he decided to make a more commercial Hindi film about two brothers on the streets of Mumbai, which became {{Lang|hi-latn|Parinda}}.{{Cite news |last=Bhattacharya |first=Roshmila |author-link=Roshmila Bhattacharya |date=7 April 2015 |title=Nana Patekar was critically injured during the shooting of Parinda, recalls Vidhu Vinod Chopra |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Nana-Patekar-was-critically-injured-during-the-shooting-of-Parinda-recalls-Vidhu-Vinod-Chopra/articleshow/46833278.cms |url-status=live |access-date=12 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170106074733/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Nana-Patekar-was-critically-injured-during-the-shooting-of-Parinda-recalls-Vidhu-Vinod-Chopra/articleshow/46833278.cms |archive-date=6 January 2017}} The story was based on two non-fictional brothers who worked for a gangster named Ashwin Naik.{{Sfn|Mehta|2004|p=287}} Chopra cast Nana Patekar in the elder brother's role after he saw him in a play called Purush. Anil Kapoor, who was cast in the role of Karan, told Chopra that Patekar was not suitable for the role of his elder brother.{{Cite news |last=Sahani |first=Alaka |date=10 January 2016 |title=Acting is not just a profession for me. This is how I breathe: Nana Patekar |work=The Indian Express |url=http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/regional/acting-is-not-just-a-profession-for-me-this-is-how-i-breathe-nana-patekar/ |url-status=live |access-date=12 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170610074246/http://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/regional/acting-is-not-just-a-profession-for-me-this-is-how-i-breathe-nana-patekar/ |archive-date=10 June 2017}} Patekar was then offered the role of Anna, the film's antagonist. Shah and Patekar were considered for the role of Kishan, which later went to Jackie Shroff.{{Cite news |date=7 August 2015 |title=Anil Kapoor is an Unhappy Actor: Nana Patekar |work=NDTV |url=http://movies.ndtv.com/bollywood/anil-kapoor-is-an-unhappy-actor-nana-patekar-1204882 |url-status=live |access-date=12 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171112132135/http://movies.ndtv.com/bollywood/anil-kapoor-is-an-unhappy-actor-nana-patekar-1204882 |archive-date=12 November 2017}} Kapoor asked Shroff to play his elder brother. Shroff was initially hesitant to do the film because he did not want to get typecast in the elder brother role. Later, Kapoor made Shroff listen to the songs and he agreed to do the film.

The location where Musa (Tom Alter) meets Kishan in the film was a water tank on Antop Hill, which was spread with the scrap of nearby slum dwellers. Chopra had rented the site from Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation for {{INRConvert|500|r}}. The film was initially named Kabutarkhana (pigeon accommodation), but was later changed to {{Lang|hi-latn|Parinda}}. While filming the final scene's fire sequence, the film's crew lost control of a fire they built using rubber solution and petrol, leading to Patekar suffering from serious burns. He was critically injured and hospitalised for nearly two months, and returned to filming after a year. The set was rebuilt in Film City, where the fire sequence was re-shot under more controlled conditions.

Scenes were shot in natural lighting with light coming through the windows or candles in the indoor scenes.{{Cite web |last=Ghosh |first=Sankhayan |date=19 April 2019 |title=Binod Pradhan, DoP of Kalank, On 30 Years of Parinda, And Shooting Films "For Donkey's Years" |url=https://www.filmcompanion.in/features/bollywood-features/binod-pradhan-dop-of-kalank-on-30-years-of-parinda-and-shooting-films-for-donkeys-years/ |access-date=4 May 2019 |website=Film Companion |archive-date=2 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200602222644/https://www.filmcompanion.in/features/bollywood-features/binod-pradhan-dop-of-kalank-on-30-years-of-parinda-and-shooting-films-for-donkeys-years/ |url-status=live }} Binod Pradhan, the cinematographer, decided to use shadow lighting as he was tired of the way Hindi films were lit. His main inspiration for the visuals of {{Lang|hi-latn|Parinda}} was Gordon Willis's cinematography in The Godfather (1972). He had put diffusion materials, like a piece of white cloth or tracing paper, in front of the light to make it softer and more natural. According to Chopra, the use of natural lighting was a way for them to function on a limited budget. To decide the look and texture of the film, Chopra and Pradhan looked at the paintings of Rembrandt, Vincent van Gogh and Leonardo da Vinci.

The sequence in which Karan and Prakash reunite was filmed at Kabootar Khana, a Mumbai landmark where hundreds of pigeons gather. Chopra said this location was "one of the first things I spotted, probably because of all the pigeons flying around, when I stepped out of Dadar station. I thought [that] the pigeons would [...] convey the concept of emancipation of the spirit of the dying man". Shopkeepers in that area shut their shops for the shoot, believing that Chopra was the younger brother of the Prime Minister. The film's climax, when Anna kills Paro and Kishan, was shot at the Gateway of India over three years on New Year Eve, as they did not have the budget to assemble a crowd. {{Lang|hi-latn|Parinda}} was shot over the course of 66 working days. Some sequences were also shot at the Babulnath temple.{{Sfn|Mazumdar|2007|p=169}} The song "Pyar Ke Mod Pe" was shot in six to seven minutes as Chopra wanted to shoot the entire song in one sunset.{{Cite web |date=1 November 2019 |title=Madhuri Dixit and Anil Kapoor shot an entire song in just 6-7 minutes in Vidhu Vinod Chopra's Parinda. Here's how |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/features/madhuri-dixit-anil-kapoor-shot-entire-song-just-6-7-minutes-vidhu-vinod-chopras-parinda-heres/ |access-date=10 November 2019 |website=Bollywood Hungama |archive-date=5 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191105041252/https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/news/features/madhuri-dixit-anil-kapoor-shot-entire-song-just-6-7-minutes-vidhu-vinod-chopras-parinda-heres/ |url-status=live }} The shoestring budget also resulted in Chopra and Patekar bringing their own water bottles to set.{{Cite news |date=10 April 2012 |title=I don't like big stars much: Vidhu Vinod Chopra |work=Firstpost |url=http://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/i-dont-like-big-stars-much-vinod-chopra-270836.html |url-status=live |access-date=12 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171113002955/http://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/i-dont-like-big-stars-much-vinod-chopra-270836.html |archive-date=13 November 2017}} Suresh Oberoi learned to play the flute from Danny Denzongpa, who had earlier been cast in the role of Abdul but was unable to perform in the film.{{Cite web |date=25 October 2014 |title=FC Director's Choice: Parinda: Q & A: Jio MAMI 2015 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rz2Ik84srP8&t=639s | archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211114/Rz2Ik84srP8| archive-date=14 November 2021 | url-status=live|website=YouTube |publisher=Film Companion}}{{cbignore}}

Sanjay Leela Bhansali served as the associate director for songs in the film.{{Cite web |last=Sharma |first=Gaurav |date=27 August 2003 |title=Parinda marked the beginning of a trend |url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/2003/aug/27parinda.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150107095444/http://www.rediff.com/movies/2003/aug/27parinda.htm |archive-date=7 January 2015 |access-date=12 November 2017 |website=Rediff.com}} The editing was done by Renu Saluja. For a shot in the film where Shroff slaps Kapoor, Kapoor completed 30 takes until he was satisfied with his performance. The screenplay of {{Lang|hi-latn|Parinda}} was written by Chopra and Shiv Kumar Subramaniam, who also acted in the film.{{Cite web |title=Parinda Cast & Crew |url=https://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/parinda/cast/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171112185306/http://www.bollywoodhungama.com/movie/parinda/cast/ |archive-date=12 November 2017 |access-date=12 November 2017 |website=Bollywood Hungama|date=3 November 1989 }} The dialogues were penned by Imtiyaz Husain. Made on a production budget of {{INRConvert|1.2|m}}, the entire film was shot and set in Mumbai; it was distributed by Vinod Chopra Films.{{Cite news |last=Chopra |first=Anupama |date=25 November 2014 |title=From Bollywood to Hollywood, what are the top 10 films set in Mumbai? |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2014/nov/25/bollywood-hollywood-top-10-films-mumbai-india |url-status=live |access-date=13 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171113221706/https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2014/nov/25/bollywood-hollywood-top-10-films-mumbai-india |archive-date=13 November 2017}}{{Cite AV media |title=Parinda (1989) |last=Jackie Shroff, Anil Kapoor, Madhuri Dixit, Nana Patekar |publisher=Vinod Chopra Films |place=India |medium=Motion picture}}

{{Infobox album

| name = {{Lang|hi-latn|Parinda}}

| type = Soundtrack

| artist = R. D. Burman

| cover =

| alt =

| released = January 1989

| recorded =

| venue =

| studio =

| genre = Feature film soundtrack

| length = 26:12

| language = Hindi

| label = Tips Industries Limited

| producer = Weston Musicassettes, R. D. Burman

| prev_title =

| prev_year =

| next_title =

| next_year =

}}

The film score was composed by Manohari Singh and Babloo Chakravorty while the songs were composed by R. D. Burman with its lyrics were written by Khurshid Hallauri. The album consisted of seven songs, including two versions of "Kitni Hai Pyari Pyari"—one sad and one slow. The song "Tum Se Milke" also had a sad version.{{Cite web |title=Parinda (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) |url=https://open.spotify.com/album/7oC0qeR7i5Aj29SpbVu6DH |access-date=22 July 2019 |publisher=Spotify |archive-date=22 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190722141916/https://open.spotify.com/album/7oC0qeR7i5Aj29SpbVu6DH |url-status=live }} The vocals were performed by Asha Bhosle, Suresh Wadkar, Sadhana Sargam and Shailendra Singh. The soundtrack album of the film was released in January 1989 under the banner of Weston Musicassettes (now Tips Industries Limited).{{Cite web |title=Parinda |url=https://gaana.com/album/Parinda |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171113221501/https://gaana.com/album/Parinda |archive-date=13 November 2017 |access-date=13 November 2017 |website=Gaana}} It marked the debut of Shantanu Mukherjee (later known as Shaan) and Sagarika Mukherjee as an adult playback singer.{{Cite web |date=30 September 2020 |title=Lesser-known facts about the sensational singer with charming smile |url=https://www.newsd.in/happy-birthday-shaan-lesser-known-facts-about-the-sensational-singer-with-charming-smile/ |access-date=19 October 2021 |website=Newsd.in |archive-date=29 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211029172452/https://newsd.in/happy-birthday-shaan-lesser-known-facts-about-the-sensational-singer-with-charming-smile/ |url-status=live }}

Filmfare wrote about {{Lang|hi-latn|Parinda}}{{'}}s music in their "100 Filmfare Days" series, stating, "RD Burman's music adds depth to {{Lang|hi-latn|Parinda|italic=no}}'s drama".{{Cite news |date=2 July 2014 |title=100 Filmfare Days: 69- Parinda |work=Filmfare |url=https://www.filmfare.com/features/100-filmfare-days-69-parinda-6583-1.html |url-status=live |access-date=12 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171112132235/https://www.filmfare.com/features/100-filmfare-days-69-parinda-6583-1.html |archive-date=12 November 2017}} The music of "Tum Se Milke" is based on Leo Sayer's 1977 single "When I Need You".{{Cite web |last=Rodrigues |first=Leroy |date=24 September 2013 |title=Famous copied songs |url=https://www.filmfare.com/features/famous-copied-songs-4225-7.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171114040416/https://www.filmfare.com/features/famous-copied-songs-4225-7.html |archive-date=14 November 2017 |access-date=13 November 2017 |website=Filmfare}}

{{Track listing

| headline = Track listing

| extra_column = Singer(s)

| title1 = Kitni Hai Pyari Pyari

| extra1 = Suresh Wadkar, Shailendra Singh

| length1 = 04:14

| title2 = Pyar Ke Mod Pe

| extra2 = Suresh Wadkar, Asha Bhosle

| length2 = 06:31

| title3 = Sehra Mein Dulha Hoga

| extra3 = Suresh Wadkar, Shailendra Singh

| length3 = 06:32

| title4 = Tum Se Milke

| extra4 = Suresh Wadkar, Asha Bhosle

| length4 = 05:11

| title5 = Kitni Hai Pyari Pyari

| note5 = Sad

| extra5 = Shantanu Mukherjee, Sagarika Mukherjee, Sadhana Sargam

| length5 = 01:39

| title6 = Kitni Hai Pyari Pyari

| note6 = Slow

| extra6 = Suresh Wadkar, Shailendra Singh

| length6 = 00:48

| title7 = Tum Se Milke

| note7 = Sad

| extra7 = Suresh Wadkar, Asha Bhosle, R. D. Burman

| length7 = 01:17

}}

{{Lang|hi-latn|Parinda}} was released theatrically on 3 November 1989.{{Cite web |title=Parinda |url=http://www.blu-ray.com/Parinda/437852/#Overview |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171113221549/http://www.blu-ray.com/Parinda/437852/#Overview |archive-date=13 November 2017 |access-date=13 November 2017 |website=Blu-ray}} The film was promoted with the tagline, "the most powerful film ever made".{{Sfn|Chaudhuri|2014|p=473}} In a 2010 interview, film critic and Chopra's wife Anupama Chopra noted, "there was so much buzz about {{Lang|hi-latn|Parinda}}" before its release.{{Cite news |last=Sukumaran |first=Shradha |date=8 May 2010 |title=Sleeping with the Enemy |work=OPEN |url=http://www.openthemagazine.com/article/art-culture/sleeping-with-the-enemy |url-status=live |access-date=15 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171018134217/http://www.openthemagazine.com/article/art-culture/sleeping-with-the-enemy |archive-date=18 October 2017}} After the film's release, Chopra went to Alankar cinema in Girgaon to see the audience's reactions, but found some people were not happy with it because the lead characters are killed.{{Cite episode |title=Once Upon A Time in Bollywood: Vidhu Vinod Chopra |series=Once Upon a Time in Bollywood |date=10 January 2016 |publisher=92.7 BIG FM}}

{{Lang|hi-latn|Parinda}} is credited by several critics for introducing realism into mainstream Hindi cinema and redefining the portrayal of the underworld in films.{{Cite news |last=Vats |first=Rohit |date=30 March 2012 |title=How Vidhu Vinod's Parinda shaped Bollywood |work=News18 |url=http://www.news18.com/news/india/how-vidhu-vinods-parinda-shaped-bollywood-460586.html |url-status=live |access-date=17 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171119160252/http://www.news18.com/news/india/how-vidhu-vinods-parinda-shaped-bollywood-460586.html |archive-date=19 November 2017}}{{Cite web |last=Vats |first=Rohit |date=10 April 2012 |title=Retro Review: 'Parinda' redefines underworld |url=http://www.news18.com/news/india/retro-review-parinda-redefines-underworld-463887.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171119160250/http://www.news18.com/news/india/retro-review-parinda-redefines-underworld-463887.html |archive-date=19 November 2017 |access-date=17 November 2017 |website=News18}}{{Cite news |last=Bhushan |first=Nyay |date=3 March 2015 |title=Vidhu Vinod Chopra on Expanding from Bollywood to Hollywood with 'Broken Horses' (Q&A) |work=The Hollywood Reporter |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/vidhu-vinod-chopra-expanding-bollywood-780647 |url-status=live |access-date=17 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151204125328/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/vidhu-vinod-chopra-expanding-bollywood-780647 |archive-date=4 December 2015}} It is also considered a landmark film and one of the best of Indian cinema.{{Cite news |last=Mehra |first=Sanat |date=16 May 2015 |title=How Mumbai Has Lent Character To Bollywood in Unique Ways |work=Mid-Day |url=http://www.mid-day.com/articles/how-mumbai-has-lent-character-to-bollywood-in-unique-ways/16214185 |url-status=live |access-date=17 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160614105209/http://www.mid-day.com/articles/how-mumbai-has-lent-character-to-bollywood-in-unique-ways/16214185 |archive-date=14 June 2016}} Cinematographer Sudeep Chatterjee felt that during the 1970s and 1980s "the image lost its importance". He credits {{Lang|hi-latn|Parinda}} for changing that and said the film "introduced a completely new imagery, started a new trend." The film was included in News18's 2013 list of the "100 greatest Indian films of all time", Mint{{'s}} list of "70 iconic films of Indian cinema", Filmfare{{'}}s "100 Filmfare Days" series, the "70 iconic movies of independent India" list and the book 100 Bollywood Films by Rachel Dwyer.{{Cite news |last=Dwyer |first=Rachel |date=12 August 2017 |title=70 Iconic movies of Independent India |work=Hindustan Times |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/interactives/70-movies-independence-day/ |url-status=live |access-date=5 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171204044211/http://www.hindustantimes.com/interactives/70-movies-independence-day/ |archive-date=4 December 2017}}{{Cite web |date=17 April 2013 |title=100 Years of Indian Cinema: The 100 greatest Indian films of all time |url=http://ibnlive.in.com/photogallery/13200-9.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130425234438/http://ibnlive.in.com/photogallery/13200-9.html |archive-date=25 April 2013 |access-date=12 February 2014 |website=News18 }}{{Cite news |date=18 August 2017 |title=70 iconic films of Indian cinema |work=Mint |url=http://www.livemint.com/Consumer/bQ0uThQTjybnvoYe13twlJ/70-iconic-films-of-Indian-cinema.html |url-status=live |access-date=17 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171026163502/http://www.livemint.com/Consumer/bQ0uThQTjybnvoYe13twlJ/70-iconic-films-of-Indian-cinema.html |archive-date=26 October 2017}}{{Cite book |last=Dwyer |first=Rachel |title=100 Bollywood Films |publisher=Roli Books Private Limited |year=2005 |isbn=978-8-1743-6990-1}} Chopra, despite having made two critically acclaimed films, remained relatively unknown until {{Lang|hi-latn|Parinda}}{{'}}s release.{{Cite web |date=2 February 2016 |title=15 Bollywood Movies That Were Way Ahead of Their Time |url=https://www.scoopwhoop.com/15-Bollywood-Movies-That-Were-Way-Ahead-Of-Their-Time/#.a3pfnjq3o |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171118222014/https://www.scoopwhoop.com/15-Bollywood-Movies-That-Were-Way-Ahead-Of-Their-Time/#.a3pfnjq3o |archive-date=18 November 2017 |access-date=17 November 2017 |website=ScoopWhoop}} While reviewing Vikram Chandra's 2007 novel Sacred Games, critic Carl Bromley called the film "hands down the most powerful and influential Hindi gangster film of the last two decades." He also mentioned that the book's legacy "might prove similar to {{Lang|hi-latn|Parinda}}{{'}}s."{{Cite news |last=Bromley |first=Carl |date=25 January 2007 |title=Bombay Confidential |work=The Nation |url=https://www.thenation.com/article/bombay-confidential/ |access-date=2 March 2018 |archive-date=2 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180302225520/https://www.thenation.com/article/bombay-confidential/ |url-status=live }} Abhishek Srivastava of Firstpost called the film "in true sense a precursor to the mafia films Ram Gopal Varma experimented with".{{Cite news |last=Srivastava |first=Abhishek |date=26 June 2018 |title=Vidhu Vinod Chopra's fall as director has coincided with his rise as an unconventional, daring producer |work=Firstpost |url=https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/bollywood/vidhu-vinod-chopras-fall-as-director-has-coincided-with-his-rise-as-an-unconventional-daring-producer-4595521.html |access-date=26 September 2018 |archive-date=26 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180926212905/https://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/bollywood/vidhu-vinod-chopras-fall-as-director-has-coincided-with-his-rise-as-an-unconventional-daring-producer-4595521.html |url-status=live }}

Filmmaker Nikkhil Advani credits {{Lang|hi-latn|Parinda}} for changing his life and inspiring him to become a director.{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VxreBst-QnE |title=Nikkhil Advani: My Choice: Film Companion |date=21 December 2016 |publisher=Film Companion |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211114/VxreBst-QnE |archive-date=14 November 2021 |url-status=live |via=YouTube}}{{cbignore}} Director Dibakar Banerjee said in an interview that {{Lang|hi-latn|Parinda}} was a game-changer for him.{{Cite web |last=Gidwani |first=Abheet |date=13 March 2015 |title=Meet Dibakar 'fuck Bollywood' Banerjee |url=https://www.gqindia.com/content/dibakar-fuck-bollywood-banerjee-interview-gq-india/#dibakar-banerjee-never-watches-a-film-once-its-been-made |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171119160249/https://www.gqindia.com/content/dibakar-fuck-bollywood-banerjee-interview-gq-india/#dibakar-banerjee-never-watches-a-film-once-its-been-made |archive-date=19 November 2017 |access-date=17 November 2017 |website=GQ}} Anurag Kashyap said the first two Indian films which "impacted" him with their violence were {{Lang|hi-latn|Parinda}} and Shiva (1990). He said the scene involving a dead body being dumped inside a wood machine, Patekar's character and the fire scene in the climax, had an emotional impact on him.{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2lm23ppm1Lw |title=Perfect Strokes: Anurag Kashyap: Anupama Chopra: Barre Select Large Short Films |date=21 November 2018 |publisher=Large Short Films |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211114/2lm23ppm1Lw |archive-date=14 November 2021 |url-status=live |via=YouTube}}{{cbignore}} The film is credited for showing the way for realistic crime films in Hindi cinema in following years.{{Cite news |last=Naidu |first=Rajesh |date=28 October 2014 |title=Changing face of Mumbai in Hindi cinema |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Changing-face-of-Mumbai-in-Hindi-cinema/articleshow/44959296.cms |url-status=live |access-date=17 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171104160542/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/hindi/bollywood/news/Changing-face-of-Mumbai-in-Hindi-cinema/articleshow/44959296.cms |archive-date=4 November 2017}} Patekar's role as the psychopathic don is considered to be one of the best performances of his career.{{Cite web |last=Tuteja |first=Joginder |date=25 February 2015 |title=Nana Patekar's Top 10 Movies |url=http://www.rediff.com/movies/report/nana-patekars-top-10-movies/20150225.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171118222658/http://www.rediff.com/movies/report/nana-patekars-top-10-movies/20150225.htm |archive-date=18 November 2017 |access-date=17 November 2017 |website=Rediff.com}}{{Sfn|Somaaya|2016|p=2}}{{Sfn|Chaudhuri|2014|p=97}} Film-critic Gayatri Gauri of Firstpost wrote, "{{Lang|hi-latn|Parinda}} was well-crafted, slickly-written and brilliantly executed".{{Cite web |last=Gauri |first=Gayatri |date=10 April 2015 |title=Broken Horses review: Vidhu Vinod Chopra remakes his brilliant Parinda into an English dud |url=http://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/broken-horses-review-vidhu-vinod-chopra-remakes-his-brilliant-parinda-into-an-english-dud-2191373.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170927114817/http://www.firstpost.com/entertainment/broken-horses-review-vidhu-vinod-chopra-remakes-his-brilliant-parinda-into-an-english-dud-2191373.html |archive-date=27 September 2017 |access-date=17 November 2017 |website=Firstpost}} It was selected as the official Indian submission for the 1990 Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film but was not nominated.{{Cite news |title=10 Bollywood movies you didn't know were selected for Oscars from India |work=The Financial Express |url=http://www.financialexpress.com/photos/entertainment-gallery/867334/10-bollywood-movies-you-didnt-know-were-selected-for-oscars-from-india/3/ |url-status=live |access-date=12 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171112185227/http://www.financialexpress.com/photos/entertainment-gallery/867334/10-bollywood-movies-you-didnt-know-were-selected-for-oscars-from-india/3/ |archive-date=12 November 2017}}

Chopra co-wrote, produced and directed Broken Horses (2015), an English-language Hollywood remake of {{Lang|hi-latn|Parinda}}. The film starred Vincent D'Onofrio, Anton Yelchin and Chris Marquette (corresponding to the roles of Anna, Karan and Kishan, respectively). It was released on 9 April 2015, receiving generally unfavorable reviews and became a box office failure.{{Cite web |title=Broken Horses 2015 |url=http://www.metacritic.com/movie/broken-horses |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170416194940/http://www.metacritic.com/movie/broken-horses |archive-date=16 April 2017 |access-date=12 November 2017 |website=Metacritic}}{{Cite web |date=13 April 2015 |title=Broken Horses Is An Epic Disaster |url=http://boxofficeindia.com/report-details.php?articleid=1206 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171113165443/http://boxofficeindia.com/report-details.php?articleid=1206 |archive-date=13 November 2017 |access-date=12 November 2017 |website=Box Office India}}

In 2012, several films of Chopra were released theatrically as part of a retrospective, including {{Lang|hi-latn|Parinda}}.{{Cite news |last=Reddy |first=Sujata |date=29 March 2012 |title=The Tatler: Revisiting films on the big screen |work=Daily News and Analysis |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-the-tatler-revisiting-films-on-the-big-screen-1668805 |access-date=12 December 2017 |archive-date=13 December 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171213014550/http://www.dnaindia.com/entertainment/report-the-tatler-revisiting-films-on-the-big-screen-1668805 |url-status=live }} In April 2017, Chopra submitted the supplementary materials from six of his films to the preservation vaults of National Film Archive of India. The materials include lobby cards, film posters, song booklets, contact sheets, promotional catalogues and working stills from {{Lang|hi-latn|Khamosh}}, {{Lang|hi-latn|Parinda}}, 1942: A Love Story (1994), Mission Kashmir (2000) and Eklavya: The Royal Guard (2007).{{Cite news |last=Banerjee |first=Shoumojit |date=6 April 2017 |title=Vidhu Vinod Chopra presents materials from his films to NFAI |work=The Hindu |url=http://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/vidhu-vinod-chopra-presents-materials-from-his-films-to-nfai/article17845509.ece |access-date=12 December 2017 |archive-date=6 April 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170406121314/http://www.thehindu.com/entertainment/movies/vidhu-vinod-chopra-presents-materials-from-his-films-to-nfai/article17845509.ece |url-status=live }} The film is also available on Netflix.{{Cite web |title=Parinda |url=https://www.netflix.com/in/title/20765647 |access-date=7 August 2019 |website=Netflix |archive-date=7 April 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220407132625/https://www.netflix.com/in/title/20765647 |url-status=live }}

{{Lang|hi-latn|Parinda}} is noted for the realism it introduced to mainstream Hindi cinema; several critics drew parallels between the violence and the location in the film. Author and film professor Ranjani Mazumdar in her book Bombay Cinema: An Archive of the City wrote that {{Lang|hi-latn|Parinda}} uses some popular locations such as the Gateway of India, a nearby fountain and the Babulnath temple as "spaces of terror". She wrote, "These display sites, which are central to the cartography of Bombay, are turned into nodes of violence and death".{{Sfn|Mazumdar|2007|p=169}} Mazumdar also said the film destroyed the image of Bombay as the 'dream city' and turned it into a violent nightmare.{{Cite journal |last=Mazumdar |first=Ranjani |title=Ruin & the Uncanny City: Memory, Despair & Death in Parinda |journal=The Cities of Everyday Lives: Sarai Reader 02. CSDS, Delhi, India, 2002 |url=https://www.academia.edu/5045913 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171119160252/http://www.academia.edu/5045913/Ruin_and_the_Uncanny_City_Memory_Despair_and_Death_in_Parinda |archive-date=19 November 2017 |access-date=16 November 2017 |publisher=Academia.edu}} According to Filmfare, the film blurs the lines of black and white for its heroes and adds shades of grey to the villain; writing, "As two brothers face-off on conflicting sides of morality, {{Lang|hi-latn|Parinda}} speaks of themes like family values, bonding, unemployment, illegal trades etc." Ashish Rajadhyaksha and Paul Willemen note in their book Encyclopaedia of Indian Cinema that {{Lang|hi-latn|Parinda}} represented a "postmodern variation" of the crime genre in Hindi cinema.{{Sfn|Rajadhyaksha|Willemen|1998|p=491}}

The film also explores the themes of childhood and memory; all its major characters are orphans. The city in the film is shattered into "dark, morbid spaces with all the characters framed within a light and shadow zone". Tapan K. Ghosh, in his book Bollywood Baddies: Villains, Vamps and Henchmen in Hindi Cinema, said the film showcased the sociopolitical scenario of that time and showed "smuggling rivalry on a gruesome scale".{{Sfn|Ghosh|2013|p=11}} Authors Swaralipi Nandi and Esha Chatterjee, in their book Spectacles of Blood: A Study of Masculinity and Violence in Postcolonial Films, drew metaphorical similarities between {{Lang|hi-latn|Parinda}} and Martin Scorsese's crime film Mean Streets (1973), saying both films explore the masculinity of young men who commit violence and reject societal norms because of a lack of guidance.{{Sfn|Nandi|Chatterjee|2014|p=146}} Through its frequent use of night shots and dark spaces, {{Lang|hi-latn|Parinda}} uses the aesthetics of film noir in its visual style.{{Sfn|Miguel|2012|p=68}}

At the 37th National Film Awards, Patekar received the National Film Award for Best Supporting Actor for {{Lang|hi-latn|Parinda}} and Saluja the Best Editing Award. At the 35th Filmfare Awards, the film was nominated in six categories and won five of them.

• List of submissions to the 62nd Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film
• List of Indian submissions for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film

{{Reflist}}

{{Refbegin|30em}}

• {{Cite book |last=Chaudhuri |first=Diptakirti |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gq-CBAAAQBAJ&q=parinda+the+most+powerful+film&pg=PT473 |title=Bollybook: The Big Book of Hindi-language film Trivia |publisher=Penguin UK |year=2014 |isbn=978-9-3511-8799-8 |access-date=2 November 2020 |archive-date=24 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224023133/https://books.google.com/books?id=gq-CBAAAQBAJ&q=parinda+the+most+powerful+film&pg=PT473#v=snippet&q=parinda%20the%20most%20powerful%20film&f=false |url-status=live }}
• {{Cite book |last=Ghosh |first=Tapan K. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0d6GAwAAQBAJ&q=parinda+1989&pg=PR11 |title=Bollywood Baddies: Villains, Vamps and Henchmen in Hindi Cinema |publisher=SAGE Publications India |year=2013 |isbn=978-8-1321-1326-3 |access-date=2 November 2020 |archive-date=24 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224023127/https://books.google.com/books?id=0d6GAwAAQBAJ&q=parinda+1989&pg=PR11 |url-status=live }}
• {{Cite book |last=Lalitha |first=Gopalan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HAplAAAAMAAJ&q=filmfare+best+screenplay+shiv+kumar+subramaniam+parinda |title=Cinema of Interruptions: Action Genres in Contemporary Indian Cinema |publisher=British Film Institute |year=2002 |isbn=978-0-85170-923-9 |page=144 |access-date=2 November 2020 |archive-date=24 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224023133/https://books.google.com/books?id=HAplAAAAMAAJ&q=filmfare+best+screenplay+shiv+kumar+subramaniam+parinda |url-status=live }}
• {{Cite book |last=Mazumdar |first=Ranjani |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xenNBrRKOGoC&q=parinda+pigeons+film&pg=PA169 |title=Bombay Cinema: An Archive of the City |publisher=U of Minnesota Press |year=2007 |isbn=978-1-4529-1302-5 |access-date=2 November 2020 |archive-date=24 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224023132/https://books.google.com/books?id=xenNBrRKOGoC&q=parinda+pigeons+film&pg=PA169#v=snippet&q=parinda%20pigeons%20film&f=false |url-status=live }}
• {{Cite book |last=Mehta |first=Suketu |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EaE7DwAAQBAJ&q=maximum+city+suketu+mehta |title=Maximum City: Bombay Lost & Found |publisher=Penguin Random House |year=2004 |isbn=978-9-3868-1584-2 |access-date=2 November 2020 |archive-date=24 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224023127/https://books.google.com/books?id=EaE7DwAAQBAJ&q=maximum+city+suketu+mehta |url-status=live }}
• {{Cite book |last=Miguel |first=Helio San |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Q0_v3jr6TCAC&q=parinda+paved+the+way+for+satya&pg=PA68 |title=Mumbai |publisher=Intellect Books |year=2012 |isbn=978-1-84150-632-6 |access-date=2 November 2020 |archive-date=24 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224023127/https://books.google.com/books?id=Q0_v3jr6TCAC&q=parinda+paved+the+way+for+satya&pg=PA68 |url-status=live }}
• {{Cite book |last1=Nandi |first1=Swaralipi |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_UanDAAAQBAJ&q=parinda+influence&pg=PT146 |title=Spectacles of Blood: A Study of Masculinity and Violence in Postcolonial Films |last2=Chatterjee |first2=Esha |publisher=Zubaan |year=2014 |isbn=978-9-3830-7413-6 |access-date=2 November 2020 |archive-date=24 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224023133/https://books.google.com/books?id=_UanDAAAQBAJ&q=parinda+influence&pg=PT146#v=snippet&q=parinda%20influence&f=false |url-status=live }}
• {{Cite book |last1=Rajadhyaksha |first1=Ashish |url=https://indiancine.ma/texts/indiancine.ma%3AEncyclopedia_of_Indian_Cinema/text.pdf |title=Encyclopaedia of Indian Cinema |last2=Willemen |first2=Paul |publisher=British Film Institute and Oxford University Press |year=1998 |isbn=0-19-563579-5 |author-link=Ashish Rajadhyaksha |author-link2=Paul Willemen |orig-year=1994 |access-date=29 December 2017 |archive-date=21 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160821193440/https://indiancine.ma/texts/indiancine.ma%3AEncyclopedia_of_Indian_Cinema/text.pdf |url-status=live }}
• {{Cite book |last=Rishi |first=Tilak |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=r623sWyGm0sC&q=filmfare+best+supporting+actor+nana+patekar+parinda&pg=PA91 |title=Bless You Bollywood!: A Tribute to Hindi Cinema on Completing 100 Years |publisher=Trafford Publishing |year=2012 |isbn=978-1-4669-3963-9 |access-date=2 November 2020 |archive-date=24 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224023150/https://books.google.com/books?id=r623sWyGm0sC&q=filmfare+best+supporting+actor+nana+patekar+parinda&pg=PA91#v=snippet&q=filmfare%20best%20supporting%20actor%20nana%20patekar%20parinda&f=false |url-status=live }}
• {{Cite book |last=Somaaya |first=Bhawana |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=V4PZDQAAQBAJ&q=nana+patekar+iconic+parinda&pg=RA2-PT107 |title=Once Upon a Time in India: A Century of Indian Cinema |publisher=Random House India |year=2016 |isbn=978-9-3859-9040-3 |author-link=Bhawana Somaaya |access-date=2 November 2020 |archive-date=24 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231224023645/https://books.google.com/books?id=V4PZDQAAQBAJ&q=nana+patekar+iconic+parinda&pg=RA2-PT107#v=snippet&q=nana%20patekar%20iconic%20parinda&f=false |url-status=live }}

{{Refend}}

• {{Cite book |last1=Gulazāra |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8y8vN9A14nkC&q=filmfare+best+editing+renu+saluja+parinda&pg=PT644 |title=Encyclopaedia of Hindi Cinema |last2=Nihalani |first2=Govind |last3=Chatterjee |first3=Saibal |publisher=Popular Prakashan |year=2003 |isbn=978-8-1799-1066-5 |page=620 |ref={{Sfnref|Nihalani|2003|p=620}}}}

• {{IMDb title}}
• {{Rotten Tomatoes}}

{{Vidhu Vinod Chopra}}

{{Vinod Chopra Films}}

{{Indian submission for Academy Awards}}

Category:1980s gangster films

Category:1980s Hindi-language films

Category:1980s Indian films

Category:1989 crime drama films

Category:1989 films

Category:Films about brothers

Category:Films about drugs

Category:Films about organised crime in India

Category:Films about the illegal drug trade

Category:Films directed by Vidhu Vinod Chopra

Category:Films featuring a Best Supporting Actor National Film Award–winning performance

Category:Films scored by R. D. Burman

Category:Films set in Mumbai

Category:Films whose editor won the Best Film Editing National Award

Category:Hindi films remade in other languages

Category:Hindi-language crime drama films

Category:Hindi-language films based on actual events

Category:Indian crime drama films

Category:Indian films about revenge

Category:Indian gangster films