Party of power

{{Short description|Political party close to state executive}}

{{see also|Dominant-party system}}

{{Globalize|2=Russia|date=March 2019}}

The term "party of power" refers to a political party that has a close relationship with the executive branch of government such that the party appears to function as an extension of the executive rather than as an autonomous political organization.

Compare:

{{cite book

| last1 = Isaacs

| first1 = Rico

| title = Party System Formation in Kazakhstan: Between Formal and Informal Politics

| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=I-6sAgAAQBAJ

| series = Central Asian Studies

| date = 21 March 2011

| location = Abingdon

| publisher = Routledge

| publication-date = 2011

| page =

| isbn = 9781136791079

| access-date = 2018-03-07

| quote = A central principle behind the party of power is a party's relationship with the state (Knox et al., 2006). Parties of power have a close relationship with the executive branch which is seen to co-opt parties of power for their own political purposes (Hale, 2004). Thus, parties of power are an extension of the executive where the party 'is the actual group whose members wield power in and through the executive branch of government' (Oversloot and Verheul, 2006: 394).

}}

{{Cite book | first= Rico | last= Isaacs | title= Party System Formation in Kazakhstan: Between Formal and Informal Politics | publisher= Routledge | year= 2011 | page= 38}} The concept resembles that of a cartel party. In a presidential republic, the party of power typically forms a legislative block that backs the executive. The concept has been commonly applied to post-Soviet political parties. Claims have been made{{by whom|date=March 2018}} that United Russia, the New Azerbaijan Party, Kazakhstan's Amanat, the People's Democratic Party of Tajikistan, the Democratic Party of Turkmenistan{{Cite book |author= Herron |title= Elections and Democracy After Communism? |year= 2009 |page= 87}} and Georgian Dream (from 2013) are parties of power. Parties that have been considered as parties of power in the past include the Union of Citizens of Georgia (until 2003), the Georgia's United National Movement (until 2013){{Cite book |first= Max |last= Baader |title= Party politics in Georgia and Ukraine and the failure of Western assistance |work= Promoting Party Politics in Emerging Democracies |publisher= Routledge |year= 2013 |page= 26}} and the Republican Party of Armenia (until 2018).

Parties of power are typically described{{by whom|date=March 2018}} as having a hierarchical top-down structure, being centralised, organised in clientelistic networks, lacking a defined or coherent ideology and playing a subordinate role towards the bureaucracy.

{{Cite book|author=Gel'man|first=Vladimir|title=Party Politics in Russia|year=2013|pages=42–44|author-link=Vladimir Gelman}}

They have been created by the state as a method to assist in the political interests of the executive branch but while also being reliant on the state to manipulate election outcomes.Nicklaus Laverty (2015) The “party of power” as a type, East European Politics, 31:1, 71-87, DOI: 10.1080/21599165.2014.983088

The use of the concept and of the term "party of power" has been criticized, including by those who claim that, strictly speaking, United Russia and Amanat do not possess or exercise power themselves. It is not the parties that make decisions and policies in the last resort. The term "parties of power" may therefore be regarded as misleading.{{qn|date=March 2018}}