Patrick Spens, 1st Baron Spens

{{Short description|British lawyer, judge and Conservative politician}}

{{Infobox officeholder

| honorific-prefix = The Right Honourable

| name = The Lord Spens

| honorific-suffix = KBE PC KC

| image = Patrick Spens, 1st Baron Spens, in 1950.jpg

| imagesize =

| caption = Spens in 1950

| order1 = Chief Justice of India

| term_start1 = 1943

| term_end1 = 1947

| monarch1 = George VI

| primeminister1 =

| predecessor1 = Srinivas Varadachariar {{small|(acting)}}

| successor1 = H. J. Kania

| order2 = Member of Parliament for Kensington South

| term_start2 = 23 February 1950

| term_end2 = 18 September 1959

| primeminister2 =

| predecessor2 = Richard Law

| successor2 = William Roots

| order3 = Member of Parliament for Ashford

| term_start3 = 17 March 1933

| term_end3 = 1943

| primeminister3 =

| predecessor3 = Michael Knatchbull

| successor3 = Edward Percy Smith

| birth_name = William Patrick Spens

| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1885|08|09}}

| birth_place = Glasgow, Lanarkshire, Scotland

| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1973|11|15|1885|08|09}}

| death_place = Maidstone, Kent, England

| nationality = British

| party = Conservative

| alma_mater = New College, Oxford

| spouse = {{plainlist|

{{marriage|Hilda Mary Bowyer|15 September 1913|5 March 1962|end=d}}
{{marriage|Kathleen Annie Fedden Dodds|25 May 1963}}{{cite web|title=Spens, Baron (UK, 1959)|url=http://www.cracroftspeerage.co.uk/spens1959.htm|website=Cracoft's Peerage|accessdate=25 April 2017}}

}}

| children =

}}

William Patrick Spens, 1st Baron Spens, KBE, PC, KC (9 August 1885 – 15 November 1973) was a British lawyer, judge and Conservative politician. He served as Chief Justice of India from 1943 to 1947.

Biography

Spens was the eldest of the six children of Nathaniel Spens, a chartered accountant and managing director of state liquidation, born in Glasgow and of Frimley, Surrey, and Emily Jessie Connal.[http://www.1901censusonline.com/ 1901 census] Retrieved 2013-07-16[https://books.google.com/books?id=pcdPAAAAcAAJ&dq=%22nathaniel+spens%22&pg=PA495 The Scottish Nation; or the Surnames, Families, Literature, Honours and Biographical History of the People of Scotland] William Anderson (1867), A Fullarton, EdinburghThe London Gazette 21 July 1891 p 3894 His parents were of Scottish descent. Spens was educated at Rugby and New College, Oxford, and was called to the Bar by the Inner Temple in 1910. He served in the First World War as an adjutant in the 5th battalion of the Queen's Royal Regiment. After the war Spens started practising as a lawyer and became a King's Counsel (KC) in 1925. He unsuccessfully contested St Pancras South West in the 1929 general election, but was elected for Ashford in 1933. In 1943 Spens was unexpectedly appointed Chief Justice of India. He retained this post until 1947.

He served from 1947 to 1948 as chairman of the tribunal set up to arbitrate between Indian judges disagreeing over the concept and substance of the Partition of India which had been announced by Lord Mountbatten and was being detailed by Sir Cyril Radcliffe's two boundary commissions (one for Bengal, one for present-day Pakistan).Smitha, F. [http://www.fsmitha.com/h2/ch23brit.htm The US and Britain in Asia, to 1960]. MacroHistory website, 2001.Read, A. and Fisher, D. (1997). The Proudest Day: India's Long Road to Independence. New York: Norton pp 440-470

Spens returned to Britain in 1949, and the following year he was elected as Member of Parliament (MP) for Kensington South. He stood down from Parliament in its recall for the 1959 general election.

Spens was knighted in 1943, appointed a KBE in 1948 and admitted to the Privy Council in 1953. After his retirement from the House of Commons in 1959 he was raised to the peerage as Baron Spens, of Blairsanquhar in the County of Fife.

Spens married firstly Hilda Mary, daughter of Wentworth Grenville Bowyer, in 1913. They had two sons. After his first wife's death in 1962 he married secondly Kathleen Annie Fedden, daughter of Roger Dodds. Lord Spens died in November 1973, aged 88. He was succeeded in the barony by his eldest and only surviving son, William.

Notes

References

Blake, Lord, Nicholls, C. S (editors). The Dictionary of National Biography, 1971-1980. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1986.
Kidd, Charles, Williamson, David (editors). Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage (1990 edition). New York: St Martin's Press, 1990, {{Page needed |date=February 2013}}