Patwin language

{{short description|Endangered indigenous language of northern California}}

{{use dmy dates |date=March 2024}}

{{Infobox language

| name = Patwin

| nativename = Southern Wintun

| states = United States

| region = Colusa, Lake, Napa, Solano, and Yolo Counties, northern California

| ethnicity = Patwin

| speakers = 1

| date = 2021

| ref = Lawyer, Lewis. A Grammar of Patwin. Bloomington: University of Nebraska Press, 2021.Golla, Victor (2011). California Indian languages. Berkeley: University of California Press. {{ISBN|978-0-520-26667-4}}.

| revived = Being taught in schools and learned by adults{{cite web |url=http://www-01.sil.org/iso639-3/cr_files/2012-144_pwi.pdf |title=Request for New Language Code Element in ISO 639-3 |publisher=ISO 639-3 Registration Authority |first=Lewis C. |last=Lawyer |date=25 June 2012 |page=2}}

| familycolor = penutian

| fam1 = Wintuan

| fam2 = Southern

| dia1 = Hill Patwin

| dia2 = River Patwin

| dia3 = ?Southern Patwin {{extinct}}

| iso3 = pwi

| glotto = patw1250

| glottorefname = Patwin

| map = patwin_map.svg

| mapcaption = Map of Patwin people and language

| map2 = Lang Status 20-CR.svg

| mapcaption2 = {{center|{{small|Patwin is classified as Critically Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger}}}}

}}

Patwin (Patween) is a critically endangered Wintuan language of Northern California. As of 2021, there was one documented first language speaker of Patwin.

{{Cite web

| title = Patwin – Survey of California and Other Indian Languages

| access-date = 2012-08-30

| url = http://linguistics.berkeley.edu/~survey/languages/patwin.php

}} As of 2010, Patwin language classes were taught at the Yocha Dehe Wintun Nation (formerly Rumsey Rancheria) tribal school (Dubin 2010).

Patwin has two (excl. Southern Patwin) or three (incl. Southern Patwin) dialects: "River Patwin (or Valley Patwin) was traditionally spoken along the Sacramento River in Colusa County ... Hill Patwin, was spoken in the plains and foothills to the west."

{{Cite web

| title = Quail Ridge Reserve - Human History Patwin

| access-date = 2012-08-30

| url = http://nrs.ucdavis.edu/Quail/Natural/Human_Patwin.htm

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20081116102918/http://nrs.ucdavis.edu/quail/Natural/Human_Patwin.htm

| archive-date = 2008-11-16

| url-status = dead

}}

Southern Patwin became extinct shortly after contact. It is very poorly attested, and may be a separate Southern Wintuan language (Mithun 1999).

As of 2012, the Tewe Kewe Cultural Center of the Yocha Dehe Wintun Nation has "a California Indian Library Collection and an extensive Patwin language and history research section."{{Cite web

| title = Cultural Resources – Yocha Dehe Wintun Nation

| access-date = 2012-08-30

| url = http://yochadehe.org/cultural-resources

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120825201110/http://www.yochadehe.org/cultural-resources

| archive-date = 2012-08-25

| url-status = dead

}}