Pavadairayan
{{Short description|Dravidian folk deity}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2020}}
{{Infobox deity
| type = Hindu
| image = Lord Pavadairayan - At Panrutti Angalamman Mayanakollai Festival..jpg
| caption = The deity at a festivity for Angalamman
| venerated_in = Dravidian folk religion
| region = Tamil Nadu
}}
Pavadairayan is a Dravidian folk and Hindu deity worshipped in rural Tamil Nadu. He is considered to be a kaval deivam, and best recognised for serving as a general for the deity Aiyanar.{{Cite book |last=Bastin |first=Rohan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WcbXDwAAQBAJ&dq=pavadairayan&pg=PA160 |title=The Domain of Constant Excess: Plural Worship at the Munnesvaram Temples in Sri Lanka |date=2002-12-01 |publisher=Berghahn Books |isbn=978-1-78920-367-7 |pages=160 |language=en}}
Legend
The deity is associated with the myth of the Mayana Kollai, where he accompanies Angala Parameshvari, an aspect of Parvati, to slay a demon that lurked in a cremation ground.{{Cite news |last=V |first=Sriram |date=2015-02-20 |title=The night of the dead |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/the-night-of-the-dead/article6916283.ece |access-date=2022-09-22 |issn=0971-751X}}
Pavadairayan is also often described to be a sea god who is venerated by adherents along with their adherence to mainstream Shaivism.{{Cite book |last1=State) |first1=Madras (India |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zVm1AAAAIAAJ&q=pavadairayan+deity |title=Madras District Gazetteers |last2=Bahadur.) |first2=B. S. Baliga (Rao |date=1957 |publisher=Superintendent, Government Press |pages=133 |language=en}}
Iconography
As a kaval deivam deity, the deity is usually placed outside the sannadhi of the central deity. Pavadairayan is unique in the fact that he is the only entity who has been portrayed sitting on the lap of Angala Parameshvari.
Worship
As a village deity, Pavadairayan is worshipped mostly through stones and trees. In several Angala Parameswari's temples, Pavadairayan has a separate sannidhi. There are only a few temples dedicated to Pavadairayan.{{Cite web|url=https://www.yarl.com/forum3/topic/125127-%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D-%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D-%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D-%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81-%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D/|title=நடுகல் கூறும் தமிழரின் வாழ்வு நெறிகள்|website=கருத்துக்களம்|language=en-US|access-date=2018-06-07}}
According to local tradition, the place where Pavadairayan lived was called Rayampuram before being renamed Royapuram. The place where Pavadairayan served as a protector for Kali is Royapuram, at the Kalmandapam Angalaparameswari Amman Temple.{{Cite news |date=2014-02-27 |title=அருவமாகக் காட்சி தந்த அங்காளி |language=en-US |work=chinnuadhithya |url=https://chinnuadhithya.wordpress.com/2014/02/27/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D-%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF-%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4-%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%99/ |access-date=2018-06-07}}
See also
References
{{reflist}}
External links
- [http://www.tamilheritage.org/thfcms/index.php/---village-deities/2011-08-06-07-48-47 கிராம தெய்வங்கள் / Village deities பாவாடை ராயன்] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160923222621/http://www.tamilheritage.org/thfcms/index.php/---village-deities/2011-08-06-07-48-47 |date=23 September 2016 }}
- [https://senthilvayal.com/2010/01/21/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81-%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D-%E0%AE%95/comment-page-1/ பருதேசியப்பருக்கு பால் காவடி!]
- Goddess Angalaparameswari Amman history
- [http://psssrf.org.in/usfullastro/pokar7000detail.aspx?id=5615 போகர் 7000 சப்த காண்டம் 5615 ஆம் பாடல்.]
- [http://www.yarl.com/forum3/topic/125127-%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D-%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D-%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D-%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81-%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D/ நடுகல் கூறும் தமிழரின் வாழ்வு நெறிகள்]
- [https://chinnuadhithya.wordpress.com/2014/02/27/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D-%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF-%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4-%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%99/ Rayanpuram became Royapuram.]
- [http://collections.peabody.yale.edu/search/Record/YPM-ANT-243420 Pavadairayan Statue at YALE PEABODY MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY, USA!]