Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard
{{Short description|United States Navy shipyard in Hawaii}}
{{Infobox military installation
| name= Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard and Intermediate Maintenance Facility
| location= Pearl Harbor, Hawaii
| image= File:US Navy 090618-N-0676F-003 he Los Angeles-class attack submarine USS Buffalo (SSN 715) undocks from Dry Dock 2 at Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard.jpg
| caption= {{USS|Buffalo|SSN-715|6}} in Dry Dock 2 at the Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard
| coordinates = {{coord|21.351|-157.957|type:landmark_region:US-HI|display=inline,title}}
| type= Shipyard
| controlledby= United States Navy
| built= 1908
| used= 1908–present
| current_commander= CAPT Richard Jones (June 2021–present)
| garrison=
}}
File:Navy_Yard_Pearl_Harbor_1941_HI.jpg
The Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard and Intermediate Maintenance Facility is a United States Navy shipyard located in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii on 148 acres. It is one of just four public shipyards operated by the United States Navy.{{cite web|url=https://www.public.navy.mil/subfor/underseawarfaremagazine/Issues/PDF/USW_Fall_2013.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140123080139/http://www.public.navy.mil/subfor/underseawarfaremagazine/Issues/PDF/USW_Fall_2013.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=January 23, 2014|title=U.S. Naval Shipyards: Keeping the Fleet at Sea}} The shipyard is physically a part of Joint Base Pearl Harbor–Hickam.[https://www.navalshipyards-nhpa.com/Documents/PHNSY_Fact_Sheet.pdf Pearl Harbor Naval Shipyard]navalshipyards-nhpa.com
History
Pearl Harbor started as naval facility and coaling station after a December 9, 1887, agreement. King Kalākaua granted the United States exclusive rights to use Pearl Harbor as a port and repair base. The United States–Hawaii relationship started with the Reciprocity Treaty of 1875, a free trade agreement. The Naval Station had existed in Pearl Harbor since 1898, but in 1908 the United States Congress allocated $3 million to build the shipyard, then called Navy Yard Pearl Harbor.{{cite web|url=http://www.honolulumagazine.com/Honolulu-Magazine/May-2008/The-Yard508/Shipyard-Highlights/|title=Shipyard Highlights – Hawaii|website=www.honolulumagazine.com}} The shipyard grew quickly, and work began on the first drydock, which collapsed before opening in 1913. After rebuilding, Dry Dock #1 was opened August 21, 1919.{{cite web|url=https://www.navsea.navy.mil/Home/Shipyards/PHNS-IMF/History/|title=History|website=www.navsea.navy.mil}} Through these years, the shipyard was just a part of the Naval Station. The shipyard officially became its own entity in December 1941 as part of the Navy's effort to separate military from industrial operations. The shipyard is on the shore of East Loch across from Ford Island. The Navy built 1010 dock, a 1010-foot wharf at the Navy Yard that had berth B-1, B-2 and B-3. Later 1010 dock was lengthened to longer than 1010 feet. The ships USS Helena and USS Oglala (that sank) were docked during the attack. Bravo Docks, are a 2,900-foot wharf at the Navy Yard with berth B-22 to B-26. The destroyer USS Bagley was at Bravo Dock in the attack. Navy Yard has Pearl Harbor berths B-1 to B-26.[https://www.loc.gov/item/hi0487/ Bravo Dock ]''loc.gov
The shipyard has grown to four dry docks, which are mainly used for repairing and maintaining nuclear submarines. The shipyard has about 5,800 civilian employees and 500 military personnel.{{cite web|url=http://themilitaryengineer.com/index.php/item/453-automating-dry-docks-in-the-pacific|title=Automating Dry Docks in the Pacific|website=themilitaryengineer.com}}
Dry docks
| class="wikitable" | |||||
| style="text-align: center;" | Dock No.
! Material of which dock is constructed | Length | Width | Depth | Date completed | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| style="text-align: center;" | 1
| Concrete | {{convert|1002|ft|5|in|m}} | {{convert|138|ft|m}} | {{convert|35|ft|m}} | style="text-align: center;" | 1919 | |||||
| style="text-align: center;" | 2
| Concrete | {{convert|1000|ft|6|in|m}} | {{convert|147|ft|m}} | {{convert|46|ft|6|in|m}} | style="text-align: center;" | 1941 | |||||
| style="text-align: center;" | 3
| Concrete | {{convert|497|ft|6|in|m}} | {{convert|104|ft|m}} | {{convert|23|ft|m}} | style="text-align: center;" | 1942 | |||||
| style="text-align: center;" | 4
| Concrete | {{convert|1088|ft|6|in|m}} | {{convert|155|ft|m}} | {{convert|48|ft|6|in|m}} | style="text-align: center;" | 1943 |
Naval Inactive Ship Maintenance Facility
{{further|Naval Inactive Ship Maintenance Facility|United States Navy reserve fleets}}
File:Mothballed ships at Pearl Harbor NSIMF in July 2016.JPG ships in the Middle Loch, Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, in 2016]]
The Naval Inactive Ship Maintenance Facility (NISMF) at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, ports logistic support cargo ships and amphibious transport dock ships. The NISMF Pearl Harbor ships are kept afloat and in fair working order, so they can be reactivated for emergency use. Some of the ships are decommissioned US Navy ships and are pending determination of their final fate. Naval Inactive Ship Maintenance Facility is part of the United States Navy reserve fleets.[https://www.military.com/daily-news/2019/02/20/navy-wont-resurrect-decommissioned-ships-355-fleet-buildup-admiral-says.html military.com Navy Won't Resurrect Decommissioned Ships for 355-Fleet Buildup, 2016]{{Cite web|url=https://news.usni.org/2015/04/03/document-navys-30-year-shipbuilding-plan-to-congress-for-fiscal-year-2016|title=Document: Navy's 30-Year Shipbuilding Plan to Congress for Fiscal Year 2016|date=April 3, 2015|website=USNI News}}
World War II
{{further|Naval Base Hawaii|Naval Station Pearl Harbor|Attack on Pearl Harbor|Joint Base Pearl Harbor–Hickam}}
In December 1939 a contract was awarded for two reinforced concrete drydocks. The new dock were to be built next to the existing 1919 battleship dock. The new Dock No. 2 was also a battleship dock at 1,000 feet long and 133 feet wide. The new Dock No. 3, for destroyers and submarines, work in 497 feet long and 84 feet wide. On December 7, 1941, Dock No. 2 was complete and Dock No. 3 was halfway completed. Dock No. 1 was damaged by the burning of the destroyers {{USS|Cassin|DD-43|6}} and {{USS|Downes|DD-45|6}} in the attack. In the attack 21 ships were damaged and/or sunk. Only two were not worked on at the yard. The Auxiliary floating drydock USS YFD-2 was sunk in the attack with destroyer {{USS|Shaw|DD-373}} in for repair. Dock No. 2 was the only drydock working after the attack, and it still have some finished work to be done. By December 10 the cruiser {{USS|Helena|CL-50|6}} in Dock No. 2 for repair until the 21st. At the same time Dock No. 2 was complete.
On October 4, 1941 a CPFF contract was made for the construction of Dock No. 4, 1,100 feet long and 147 feet wide . The contract also included a power plant and mooring for aircraft carriers at the shipyard.
Dock No. 4 was ready for use by July 19, 1943. With the Pacific War's vast fleet a marine railway was completed on September 15, 1943 for work on destroyers and submarines. Work on the marine railway was started on January 1, 1943. The marine railway was 3,000-ton, 836-foot long.
The shipyard had vast salvage work after the attack, both to repair damaged vessels still afloat and to raise sunk or capsized ships. Repairs to damaged vessels included {{USS|Pennsylvania|BB-38|6}}, {{USS|Maryland|BB-46|6}}, {{USS|Tennessee|BB-43|6}}, {{USS|Helena|CL-50|6}}, {{USS|Honolulu|CL-48|6}}, {{USS|Raleigh|CL-7|6}}, {{USS|Vestal}}, and {{USS|Curtiss|AV-4|6}}. Other ships had to be raised and repaired: {{USS|Shaw|DD-373|6}}, {{USS|Nevada|BB-36|6}}, {{USS|California|BB-44|6}}, {{USS|West Virginia|BB-48|6}}, {{USS|Oglala}}, {{USS|Oklahoma|BB-37|6}}, and {{USS|YFD-2}}. The {{USS|Arizona|BB-39}} was too badly damaged to be repaired and the {{USS|Utah|BB-31}} salvage was stopped. USS Oklahoma was salvaged but not put back in service due to her age. The shipyard did not have all the material and equipment to do the salvage operations and had to be shipped from the mainland, arriving in February 1942. The USS Nevada was patched with supplies at the shipyard by drydock workers and placed in the working drydock.[https://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USN/Building_Bases/bases-22.html Building Bases, Pearl Harbor and the Outlying Islands]US Navy{{cite web|url=https://www.nps.gov/perl/learn/historyculture/civilian-casualties.htm|title=Civilian Casualties – Pearl Harbor National Memorial (U.S. National Park Service)|website=www.nps.gov}}
The Pacific Bridge Company was given charge for the repairs of YFD-2. Divers had to repair more than 200 holes in YFD-2 to float her again. Repaired, the YFD-2 raised the USS Shaw for 10 days of repairs to install a new temporary bow so Shaw could return to the naval shipyard at Mare Island at Vallejo, California for final repairs. YFD-2 was used for salvaging and repairing many of the ships damaged on 7 December 1941, as she could raise any ship here, other than the large new battleships.{{cite web|url=http://www.navsource.org/archives/14/0702.htm|title=Yard Floating Dock (YFD)|website=www.navsource.org}}[https://www.history.navy.mil/our-collections/photography/wars-and-events/world-war-ii/pearl-harbor-raid/pearl-harbor-in-1940-1941/80-G-411134.html US Navy, YFD-2][https://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/OnlineLibrary/photos/events/wwii-pac/pearlhbr/ph-shw2.htm USS Shaw]
Post World War II, in the Korean War (1950–1953) some ships in the United States Navy reserve fleets returned to active duty after being overhauled at the shipyard and Sea trial by the base. With the Vietnam War (1955–1975) the base was again busy with support efforts. The Cold War (1947-1991) and the 600-ship Navy had Naval Base Hawaii active.{{cite web|title=US Ship Force Levels 1886-present|url=https://www.history.navy.mil/research/histories/ship-histories/us-ship-force-levels.html|website=Naval History and Heritage Command|access-date=2 November 2016}}{{cite report |author-link=John B. Hattendorf |title=The Evolution of the U.S. Navy's Maritime Strategy, 1977-1986 |format=PDF |id=OMB No. 0704-0188 |publisher=Naval War College |series=Naval War College Newport Papers |volume=19 |department=Directorate for Information Operations and Reports (Center for Naval Warfare Studies) |publication-place=Newport, Rhode Island, United States |first=John B. |last=Hattendorf |editor1-first=Catherine McArdle |editor1-last=Kelleher |editor2-first=Pelham G. |editor2-last=Boyer |editor3-first=Patricia A. |editor3-last=Goodrich |issn=1544-6824 |isbn=1-884733-32-8 |url=https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1019&context=usnwc-newport-papers |archive-date=27 March 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090327083014/http://stinet.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA422147&Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf |type=Essay }}
December 4, 2019 shooting
On December 4, 2019, a 22-year-old, male sailor opened fire with his M4 carbine service rifle, killing two Department of Defense civilian workers and injuring another, then immediately killed himself with his Beretta M9 service pistol.{{cite web |url= https://www.hawaiinewsnow.com/2019/12/05/multiple-gunshot-victims-reported-active-shooter-situation-pearl-harbor-naval-shipyard/ |title= Navy sailor who killed 2 at Pearl Harbor shipyard was facing disciplinary proceeding |author= HNN staff |date= December 4, 2019 |work= Hawaii News Now|access-date= December 5, 2019 }} A Pacific Air Chiefs Symposium was hosted at the naval air station during this time. Officials and military leadership from 18 nations across the Indo-Pacific gathered for the 2019 Pacific Air Chiefs Symposium at Pacific Air Force Headquarters from December 3 to December 6. It was hosted by General David Goldfein, US Air Force Chief of Staff and General CQ Brown Jr., PACF Commander.{{cite web|url=https://www.pacaf.af.mil/News/Article-Display/Article/2034581/2019-pacific-air-chiefs-symposium|title=2019 Pacific Air Chiefs Symposium|date=December 6, 2019|access-date=December 28, 2019}}
Image gallery
File:Pearl Harbor dry docks aerial July 1942.jpg|Pearl Harbor dry docks aerial July 1942, Right to left YFD-2 (with Alywin), Dry Dock 3 (with {{USS|Growler|SS-215|2}} and {{USS|Nautilus|SS-168|2}}), Dry Dock 2 (with {{USS|Litchfield|DD-336|2}} and {{USS|ARD-1||2}}) and Dry Dock 1 (with West Virginia)
File:US Navy 040630-N-2911P-004 Ships from seven participating nations sit pier side at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, awaiting the start of exercise Rim of the Pacific (RIMPAC) 2004.jpg|Joint Base Pearl Harbor–Hickam at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii 2004, center Kuahua peninsula depot, right shipyard, bottom Ford Island and USS Arizona Memorial.
File:Dry Dock No 1 opening Pearl Harbor 1919.jpg|Dry Dock No. 1 opening at Pearl Harbor in 1919
USS Greeneville (SSN 772) - dry dock Pearl Harbor (1).jpg|{{USS|Greeneville|SSN-772}} in dry dock Pearl Harbor
File:USS Saratoga (CV-3) and USS Langley (CVL-27) at Pearl Harbor, circa in January 1944 (80-G-221103).jpg|{{USS|Saratoga|CV-3}} and {{USS|Langley|CVL-27}} at Pearl Harbor Naval Yard in January 1944
File:YardFloatingDock2.jpg|Yard Floating Dock-2 with battleship USS Illinois, a pre-dreadnought battleship in January 1902 for repair
File:ARD29 floating repair dry dock.jpg|ARD-29 floating repair in dry dock N0. 4 at Pearl Harbor 1951
File:YFD-2 arriving Pearl Harbor Oct 1940.jpg|Auxiliary floating drydock USS YFD-2 arriving Pearl Harbor in 1940
File:NASPH ^118506- 19 March 1943. USS Oklahoma- Salvage. Aerial view toward shore with ship in 90 degree position. - NARA - 296975.jpg|{{USS|Oklahoma|BB-37|6}} salvage from shore 19 March 1943
Image:USS SHAW exploding Pearl Harbor Nara 80-G-16871 2.jpg|USS Shaw exploding after her forward magazine was detonated by the raging fire
Image:USS Shaw Pearl Harbor-7Dec41.jpg|Wreckage of bombed YFD-2 and Shaw at Pearl Harbor
File:USS Shaw (DD-373) in half-sunken YFD-2 at Pearl Harbor.jpg|USS Shaw in half-sunken YFD-2 at Pearl Harbor
File:USS Shaw (DD-373) in sunken YFD-2 after Pearl Harbor attack.jpg|USS Shaw in sunken YFD-2 after Pearl Harbor attack.jpg
File:The salvaging of the USS Utah.gif|{{USS|Utah|BB-31|6}} during an ultimately unsuccessful salvage attempt
See also
{{Commons category|Pearl Harbor dry docks}}