Penicillium paxilli
{{Short description|Species of fungus}}
{{Speciesbox
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| genus = Penicillium
| species = paxilli
| authority = Bainier, G. 1907[http://www.mycobank.org/name/Penicillium%20paxilli MycoBank]
| type_strain = ATCC 10480, CBS 360.48, FRR 2008, IAM 7103, IMI 040226, JCM 22546, KY 942, MUCL 38787, NRR 2008, NRRL 2008, NRRL A-1200, QM 725[https://web.archive.org/web/20150630221301/http://www.straininfo.net/taxa/10663 Straininfo of Penicillium paxilli]
| synonyms_ref =
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}}
Penicillium paxilli is an anamorph, saprophytic species of the genus Penicillium which produces paxilline, paxisterol, {{chem name|penicillone}}, pyrenocine A, paspaline B and verruculogene.{{Cite journal|doi=10.1016/0031-9422(95)00515-3|title=Isolation of paspaline B, an indole-diterpenoid from Penicilium paxilli|journal=Phytochemistry|volume=41|pages=327–332|year=1996|last1=Munday-Finch|first1=Sarah C.|last2=Wilkins|first2=Alistair L.|last3=Miles|first3=Christopher O.|issue=1 |bibcode=1996PChem..41..327M }}{{Cite journal|pmid=17827767|year=2007|last1=Rukachaisirikul|first1=V|title=A new pyrone derivative from the endophytic fungus Penicillium paxilli PSU-A71|journal=Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin|volume=55|issue=9|pages=1383–4|last2=Kaeobamrung|first2=J|last3=Panwiriyarat|first3=W|last4=Saitai|first4=P|last5=Sukpondma|first5=Y|last6=Phongpaichit|first6=S|last7=Sakayaroj|first7=J|doi=10.1248/cpb.55.1383|doi-access=free}}{{Cite journal|doi=10.1155/2014/767061|title=Potent Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Pyrenocine a Isolated from the Marine-Derived Fungus Penicillium paxilli Ma(G)K|journal=Mediators of Inflammation|volume=2014|pages=1–11|year=2014|last1=Toledo|first1=Thaís Regina|last2=Dejani|first2=Naiara N.|last3=Monnazzi|first3=Luis Gustavo Silva|last4=Kossuga|first4=Miriam H.|last5=Berlinck|first5=Roberto G. S.|last6=Sette|first6=Lara D.|last7=Medeiros|first7=Alexandra I.|pmid=24574582|pmc=3916108 |doi-access=free }}[https://www.uniprot.org/taxonomy/70109 UniProt][http://www.lgcstandards-atcc.org/products/all/26601.aspx?geo_country=de ATCC]{{Cite journal|doi=10.1099/00221287-133-11-3109|title=Submerged Fermentation of Penicillium paxilli Biosynthesizing Paxilline, a Process Inhibited by Calcium-induced Sporulation|journal=Microbiology|volume=133|issue=11|pages=3109–3119|year=1987|last1=Ibba|first1=M.|last2=Taylor|first2=S. J. C.|last3=Weedon|first3=C. M.|last4=Mantle|first4=P. G.|doi-access=free}}{{Cite journal|doi=10.1128/genomeA.00071-15|pmid=25767225|title=Draft Genome Sequence of the Filamentous Fungus Penicillium paxilli (ATCC 26601)|journal=Genome Announcements|volume=3|issue=2|pages=e00071–15|year=2015|last1=Berry|first1=Daniel|last2=Cox|first2=Murray P.|last3=Scott|first3=Barry|pmc=4357747}}{{cite book |author1=John I. Pitt |author2=A.D. Hocking | title = Fungi and Food Spoilage | edition = | publisher = Springer Science & Business Media | date = 2012 | isbn = 978-1461563914}}{{Cite journal|doi=10.1039/P19900003145|title=Structure of paxisterol, a sterol from Penicillium paxilli|journal=Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 1|issue=11|pages=3145|year=1990|last1=Yasuzawa|first1=Tohru|last2=Yoshida|first2=Mayumi|last3=Sano|first3=Hiroshi}} Penicillium paxilli is used as a model to study the biochemistry of the indole-diterepene biosynthesis{{cite book |author1=G. D. Robson |author2=Pieter van West |author3=Geoffrey Gadd | title = Exploitation of Fungi | edition = | publisher = Cambridge University Press | date = 2007 | isbn = 978-1139464130}}
Further reading
- {{Cite journal|doi=10.1074/jbc.M701626200|pmid=17428785|title=Defining Paxilline Biosynthesis in Penicillium paxilli: Functional Characterization of Two Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenases|journal=Journal of Biological Chemistry|volume=282|issue=23|pages=16829–37|year=2007|last1=Saikia|first1=S.|last2=Parker|first2=E. J.|last3=Koulman|first3=A.|last4=Scott|first4=B.|doi-access=free}}
- {{Cite journal|doi=10.1099/00221287-133-11-3109|title=Submerged Fermentation of Penicillium paxilli Biosynthesizing Paxilline, a Process Inhibited by Calcium-induced Sporulation|journal=Microbiology|volume=133|issue=11|pages=3109–3119|year=1987|last1=Ibba|first1=M.|last2=Taylor|first2=S. J. C.|last3=Weedon|first3=C. M.|last4=Mantle|first4=P. G.|doi-access=free}}
- {{Cite journal|doi=10.1128/genomeA.00071-15|pmid=25767225|title=Draft Genome Sequence of the Filamentous Fungus Penicillium paxilli (ATCC 26601)|journal=Genome Announcements|volume=3|issue=2|pages=e00071–15|year=2015|last1=Berry|first1=Daniel|last2=Cox|first2=Murray P.|last3=Scott|first3=Barry|pmc=4357747}}
- {{Cite journal|doi=10.3390/toxins5081422|pmid=23949005|title=Deletion and Gene Expression Analyses Define the Paxilline Biosynthetic Gene Cluster in Penicillium paxilli|journal=Toxins|volume=5|issue=8|pages=1422–46|year=2013|last1=Scott|first1=Barry|last2=Young|first2=Carolyn|last3=Saikia|first3=Sanjay|last4=McMillan|first4=Lisa|last5=Monahan|first5=Brendon|last6=Koulman|first6=Albert|last7=Astin|first7=Jonathan|last8=Eaton|first8=Carla|last9=Bryant|first9=Andrea|last10=Wrenn|first10=Ruth|last11=Finch|first11=Sarah|last12=Tapper|first12=Brian|last13=Parker|first13=Emily|last14=Jameson|first14=Geoffrey|pmc=3760044 |doi-access=free }}
- {{Cite journal|doi=10.1021/np50005a017|pmid=521822|title=Chemically Different Tremorgenic Mycotoxins in Isolates of Penicillium paxilli from Australia and North America|journal=Journal of Natural Products|volume=42|issue=5|pages=534–6|year=1979|last1=Cockrum|first1=Peter A.|last2=Culvenor|first2=Claude C. J.|last3=Edgar|first3=John A.|last4=Payne|first4=Alan L.}}
- {{Cite journal|doi=10.1016/S0031-9422(00)89639-9|title=Biosynthesis and transformation of tremorgenic indolediterpenoids by Penicillium paxilli and Acremonium lolii|journal=Phytochemistry|volume=36|issue=5|pages=1209–1217|year=1994|last1=Mantle|first1=Peter G.|last2=Weedon|first2=Christopher M.|bibcode=1994PChem..36.1209M }}
- {{Cite journal|doi=10.1139/m74-179|pmid=4425383|title=A new tremorgenic metabolite from Penicillium paxilli|journal=Canadian Journal of Microbiology|volume=20|issue=8|pages=1159–62|year=1974|last1=Cole|first1=Richard J.|last2=Kirksey|first2=Jerry W.|last3=Wells|first3=John M.}}
- {{Cite journal|doi=10.1007/BF01026679|title=Formation and release of pectin lyase during growth of Penicillium paxilli|journal=Biotechnology Letters|volume=7|issue=2|pages=105–108|year=1985|last1=Szajer|first1=I.|last2=Czajer|first2=Cz.|s2cid=39279203 }}
- {{Cite journal|doi=10.1155/2014/767061|title=Potent Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Pyrenocine a Isolated from the Marine-Derived Fungus Penicillium paxilli Ma(G)K|journal=Mediators of Inflammation|volume=2014|pages=1–11|year=2014|last1=Toledo|first1=Thaís Regina|last2=Dejani|first2=Naiara N.|last3=Monnazzi|first3=Luis Gustavo Silva|last4=Kossuga|first4=Miriam H.|last5=Berlinck|first5=Roberto G. S.|last6=Sette|first6=Lara D.|last7=Medeiros|first7=Alexandra I.|pmid=24574582|pmc=3916108 |doi-access=free }}
- {{Cite journal|pmid=9618588|year=1998|last1=Young|first1=C|title=Paxilline-negative mutants of Penicillium paxilli generated by heterologous and homologous plasmid integration|journal=Current Genetics|volume=33|issue=5|pages=368–77|last2=Itoh|first2=Y|last3=Johnson|first3=R|last4=Garthwaite|first4=I|last5=Miles|first5=C. O.|last6=Munday-Finch|first6=S. C.|last7=Scott|first7=B|doi=10.1007/s002940050349|s2cid=21816409 }}
- {{Cite journal|doi=10.1128/genomeA.00071-15|pmid=25767225|title=Draft Genome Sequence of the Filamentous Fungus Penicillium paxilli (ATCC 26601)|journal=Genome Announcements|volume=3|issue=2|pages=e00071–15|year=2015|last1=Berry|first1=Daniel|last2=Cox|first2=Murray P.|last3=Scott|first3=Barry|pmc=4357747}}
- {{cite book |author1=John I. Pitt |author2=A.D. Hocking | title = Fungi and Food Spoilage | edition = | publisher = Springer Science & Business Media | date = 2012 | isbn = 978-1461563914}}
- {{cite book | author = Shmuel Yannai | title = Dictionary of Food | edition = | publisher = CRC Press | date = 2012 | isbn = 978-1420083521}}
- {{cite book |author1=Andrew Hopkins |author2=Zeng-Yu Wang |author3=Rouf Mian |author4=Mary Sledge |author5=Reed E. Barker | title = Molecular Breeding of Forage and Turf: Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium, Molecular Breeding of Forage and Turf, Dallas, Texas, and Ardmore, Oklahoma, U.S.A., May 18–22, 2003 | edition = | publisher = Springer Science & Business Media | date = 2006 | isbn = 1402025912}}
- {{cite book |author1=G. D. Robson |author2=Pieter van West |author3=Geoffrey Gadd |author3-link=Geoffrey Michael Gadd | title = Exploitation of Fungi | edition = | publisher = Cambridge University Press | date = 2007 | isbn = 978-1139464130}}