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Periclimenes

{{Short description|Genus of crustaceans}}

{{Automatic taxobox

| image = Emperor Shrimp - Periclimenes imperator.jpg

| image_caption = Periclimenes imperator

| taxon = Periclimenes

| authority = Costa, 1844 {{ITIS |id=96414 |taxon=Periclimenes Costa, 1844 |access-date=February 11, 2011}}

| type_species = Periclimenes amethysteus

| type_species_authority = (Risso, 1827) {{cite journal |author=I. N. Marin & Tin-Yam Chan |year=2006 |title=Two new genera and a new species of crinoid-associated pontoniine shrimps (Decapoda: Caridea: Palaemonidae) |journal=Journal of Crustacean Biology |volume=26 |issue=4 |pages=524–539 |doi=10.1651/S-2705.1 |url=http://decapoda.nhm.org/pdfs/26153/26153.pdf |doi-access=free }}

}}

Periclimenes, commonly known as glass shrimp or cleaner shrimp, is a symbiotic and often commensalistic genus of translucent shrimp within the family Palaemonidae.{{Cite journal|last=Rauch, Hoeksema, Hermanto, Fransen|first=Cessa, Bert W, Bambang, Charles H.J.M.|date=2019|title=Shrimps of the genus Periclimenes (Crustacea, Decapoda, Palaemonidae) associated with mushroom corals (Scleractinia, Fungiidae): linking DNA barcodes to morphology|journal=Contributions to Zoology|volume=88|issue=2|pages=201–235|doi=10.1163/18759866-20191357|doi-access=free|hdl=11250/2723314|hdl-access=free}}{{Cite web|url=http://mangrove.nus.edu.sg/pub/seashore/text/180.htm|title=Glass Shrimp|last=Tan, Ng|first=Leo, Peter|date=1988|website=A Guide to Seashore Life}} Species of this large genus feature a wide variety of coloration and patterns, widespread distribution throughout much of the world's tropical oceans, and are often sought out for aquarium trade.{{Cite book|last=Debelius|first=Helmut|title=Crustacea Guide of the World: Shrimps, Crabs, Lobsters, Mantis Shrimps, Amphipods : Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, Pacific Ocean|publisher=IKAN-Unterwasserachiv|year=2001|isbn=3925919554|location=Frankfurt|pages=321}}

Taxonomy

This genus has undergone several changes in classification based on recent molecular studies comparing species within the genus. However, most recent molecular studies have only involved approximately 20% of the known species likely to belong to the genus. Additionally, most of the molecular studies performed involved Indo-Pacific species of Periclimenes and did not include presumed Periclimenes found in the Atlantic Ocean. Periclimenes has previously been suggested as being a polyphyletic taxa, and has already undergone splits into several new genera. It is likely the genus will undergo changes in classification in coming years with further research.{{Cite journal|last=Ďuriš, Horká|first=Zdeněk, Ivona|date=2017|title=Towards a revision of the genus Periclimenes: resurrection of Ancylocaris Schenkel, 1902, and designation of three new genera (Crustacea, Decapoda, Palaemonidae)|journal=ZooKeys|issue=646|pages=25–44|doi=10.3897/zookeys.646.11397|pmid=28228674|pmc=5299438|doi-access=free }}

The genus contains the following species:{{Cite journal|last=Bruce|first=Alexander|date=2004|title=A partial revision of the genus Periclimenes Costa, 1884 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Palaemonidae)|journal=Zootaxa|volume=582|pages=1–26|doi=10.11646/zootaxa.582.1.1|via=Semantic Scholar}}{{div col|colwidth=24em}}

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Habitat

Periclimenes is widely distributed throughout tropical and temperate reef ecosystems of the Atlantic, Caribbean, Mediterranean, as well as Indo-Pacific Oceans.{{Cite journal|last=Wicksten|first=Mary|date=1995|title=Within-species variation in Periclimenes yucatanicus (Ives), with taxonomic remarks on P, pedersoni Chace (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea: Palaemonidae)|journal=Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington|volume=108|issue=3|pages=458–464}}{{Cite journal|last=dos Santos, Calado, Bartilotti, Narciso|first=Antonina, Ricardo, Catia, Luis|date=2004|title=The larval development of the partner shrimp Periclimenes sagittifer (Norman, 1861) (Decapoda: Caridea: Palaemonidae: Pontoniinae) described from laboratory-reared material, with a note on chemical settlement cues|journal=Helgoland Marine Research|volume=58|issue=2|pages=129–139|doi=10.1007/s10152-004-0178-2|doi-access=free}}

Behavior

= Mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism =

Many species of Periclimenes are symbiotic organisms within their reef ecosystems. The most common organisms forming symbiotic relationships with this genus are species of fish, cnidarians, echinoderms, and sponges. Some species such as Periclimenes caraibicus have been observed to interact parasitically with species of sponges, living within the sponge and directly eating the sponge tissue. Another species, Periclimenes soror, is commonly found on a species of sea star known as cushion stars with no effect on the star, making it a commensalistic relationship. Anecdotal evidence suggests that P. soror may choose a host star that matches its own coloration for camouflage.{{Cite journal|last=Ollif|first=Eric|date=2013|title=Symbiosis of the Sea Star Shrimp, Periclimenes Soror Nobili, 1904 (Decapoda, Palaemonidae), and Cushion Star, Culcita Novaeguineae Müller & Troschel, 1842 (Echinodermata, Asteroidea, Oreasteridae): Host Finding and Benefits|journal=Crustaceana|volume=86|issue=5|pages=564–577|doi=10.1163/15685403-00003192}} Other research demonstrated that the Periclimenes species, P. yucatanicus, has a mutualistic cleaning relationship with different species of reef fish studied in the pacific. P. yucatanicus performed a waving motion with its antennae to signal to reef fish that it is available to clean. The cleaner shrimps then ate parasitic organisms present on the reef fish species.{{Cite journal|last=Titus, Vondriska, Daly|first=Benjamin, Clayton, Marymegan|date=2017|title=Comparative behavioural observations demonstrate the 'cleaner' shrimp Periclimenes yucatanicus engages in true symbiotic cleaning interactions|journal=Royal Society Open Science|volume=4|issue=4|page=170078|doi=10.1098/rsos.170078|pmid=28484634|pmc=5414271|bibcode=2017RSOS....470078T}}

Characteristics

Species present in this genus typically have a transparent to semi transparent body with antennae protruding from the head region. Additionally, large variation of color and patterns exist on the organisms throughout, making them highly sought out ornamental species in the marine aquarium industry.{{Cite journal|last=Calado, Narciso, Morais, Rhyne, Jin|first=R., L., S., A., J|date=2003|title=A rearing system for the culture of ornamental decapod crustacean larvae|journal=Aquaculture|volume=218|issue=1–4|pages=329–339|doi=10.1016/S0044-8486(02)00583-5}}

File:Periclimenes imperator (Emperor shrimp) on Bohadschia argus (Sea cucumber).jpg|Periclimenes imperator on a sea cucumber

File:Periclimenes colemani on Asthenosoma varium.jpg|Periclimenes colemani on an Asthenosoma varium.

File:Periclimenes soror on Culcita schmideliana.JPG|Periclimenes soror on a pillow starfish Culcita schmideliana.

File:Pederson's Shrimp.jpg|Periclimenes pedersoni

File:Periclimenes magnificus (Commensal shrimp).jpg|Periclimenes magnificus

File:Emperor Shrimp - Periclimenes imperator 2.jpg|Periclimenes imperator

File:AnenomeShrimpJI1.jpg|Periclimenes holthuisi.

File:Periclimenes sagittifer.jpg|Periclimenes sagittifer.

File:Periclimenes tenuipes Red Sea.jpg|Periclimenes tenuipes.

File:Periclimenes tosaensis - Commensal Shrimp.jpg|Periclimenes tosaensis

File:Spotted cleaner shrimp (Periclimenes yucatanicus) - Harry's Hole Reef, Soto, Curaçao Netherland Antilles.jpg|Periclimenes yucatanicus.

References

{{Commons category|Periclimenes}}

{{Wikispecies}}

{{Portal|Crustaceans|Arthropods}}

{{Reflist}}

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Category:Palaemonidae

Category:Taxa named by Oronzio Gabriele Costa