Persimmon plc

Persimmon was founded by Duncan Davidson in 1972. The company is named after a horse which won the 1896 Derby and St. Leger for the Prince of Wales (the future Edward VII). After leaving George Wimpey, Davidson had formed Ryedale Homes in 1965, selling it to Comben Homes in 1972 for £600,000. Davidson restarted development again in the Yorkshire area; Persimmon began to expand regionally with the formation of an Anglian division in 1976 followed by operations in the Midlands and the south-west.Wellings, Fred: Dictionary of British Housebuilders (2006) Troubador. {{ISBN|978-0-9552965-0-5}} In 1984, Persimmon acquired Tony Fawcett’s company Sketchmead; Fawcett had been a director of Ryedale and he became deputy managing director at Persimmon. The enlarged company was floated on the London Stock Exchange in 1985, by which time the Company was building around 1,000 houses per year.Company Prospectus

Steady regional expansion proceeded throughout the late 1980s, taking volumes up to 2,000 homes per year by 1988. By the start of the 1990s, the company was regarded as one of the safest housebuilders from a stockholder's perspective.{{cite web |url = https://www.constructionnews.co.uk/sections/news/07sep90-uk-persimmon-interim-profits-to-june-1990-down-4-to-16-2m-06-09-1990/ |title = 07Sep90 UK: PERSIMMON INTERIM PROFITS TO JUNE 1990 DOWN 4% TO £16.2M |website = constructionnews.co.uk |date = 6 September 1990 }} During April 1990, the managing director of Persimmon, Norman Lilley, was killed after his aircraft exploded mid-flight.{{cite web |url = https://www.constructionnews.co.uk/sections/news/20apr90-france-persimmon-boss-dies-in-air-tragedy-19-04-1990/ |title = 20Apr90 FRANCE: PERSIMMON BOSS DIES IN AIR TRAGEDY |website = constructionnews.co.uk |date = 19 April 1990 }} One year later, the company conducted a rights issue to raise £33 million for land purchases.{{cite web |url = https://www.constructionnews.co.uk/sections/news/05apr91-uk-persimmon-announces-33m-rights-issue-04-04-1991/ |title = 05Apr91 UK: PERSIMMON ANNOUNCES £33M RIGHTS ISSUE |website = constructionnews.co.uk |date = 4 April 1991 }} It was negatively impacted by the early 1990s recession, although sales figures showed signs of recovery as early as March 1992.{{cite web |url = https://www.constructionnews.co.uk/sections/news/12mar92-uk-persimmon-reports-23-fall-in-pretax-profits-to-22-3m-in-year-ending-december-1991-12-03-1992/ |title = 12Mar92 UK: PERSIMMON REPORTS 23% FALL IN PRETAX PROFITS TO £22.3M IN YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 1991 |website = constructionnews.co.uk |date = 12 March 1992}}{{cite web |url = https://www.constructionnews.co.uk/sections/news/11mar93-uk-housing-market-persimmon-proceeds-with-caution-11-03-1993/ |title = 11Mar93 UK: HOUSING MARKET – PERSIMMON PROCEEDS WITH CAUTION |website = constructionnews.co.uk |date = 11 March 1993 }}

During February 1993, John White was appointed chief executive of Persimmon in place of Davidson, who continued to hold the position of executive chairman.{{cite web |url = https://www.constructionnews.co.uk/sections/news/11feb93-uk-appointment-at-persimmon-11-02-1993/ |title = 11Feb93 UK: APPOINTMENT AT PERSIMMON |website = constructionnews.co.uk |date = 11 February 1993 }} By thus point, the firm was selling roughly 2,300 houses per year, and recording an annual profit of £10.16 million, which was considerably down from the peak figure achieved for 1989–1990 of £32 million.{{cite web |url = https://www.constructionnews.co.uk/sections/news/20may93-uk-persimmons-strength-in-numbers-20-05-1993/ |title = 20May93 UK: PERSIMMON'S STRENGTH IN NUMBERS |website = constructionnews.co.uk |date = 20 May 1993}} In March 1994, shortly after Persimmon's announcement that it had almost doubled its pre-tax profits year-on-year to £18.6 million, it raised £49 million from shareholders to expand its land bank by a third in preparation for future development.{{cite web |url = https://www.constructionnews.co.uk/sections/news/17mar94-uk-persimmon-to-expand-land-bank-17-03-1994/ |title = 17Mar94 UK: PERSIMMON TO EXPAND LAND BANK |website = constructionnews.co.uk |date = 17 March 1994}} The positive results achieved around this time were attributed to favourable market conditions, including falling costs and a gentle rate of inflation on house prices; Persimmon was able to cut selling costs down to £3,700 per unit in early 1994.{{cite web |url = https://www.constructionnews.co.uk/sections/news/08sep94-uk-persimmon-advances-interim-results-08-09-1994/ |title = 08Sep94 UK: PERSIMMON ADVANCES – INTERIM RESULTS |website = constructionnews.co.uk |date = 8 September 1994}}

During late 1995, Persimmon made the first of a series of major acquisitions. Ideal Homes, once the largest housebuilder in the country and then part of Trafalgar House was bought for £176 million, giving the Group a much stronger presence in the south-east.{{cite web |url = https://www.constructionnews.co.uk/sections/news/chips-cashed-in-too-soon-18-01-1996/ |title = Chips cashed in too soon? |website = constructionnews.co.uk |date = 18 January 1996}}{{cite web |url = https://www.constructionnews.co.uk/sections/news/merger-mania-on-way-says-persimmon-boss-01-02-1996/ |title = Merger mania on way says Persimmon boss |website = constructionnews.co.uk |date = 1 February 1996 |first = Bill |last = Fishlock}} Amid the acquisition of Ideal Homes, Davidson issued a public denial that family influence had played a role in the purchase.{{cite web |url = https://www.constructionnews.co.uk/sections/news/persimmon-boss-denies-family-influence-01-02-1996/ |title = Persimmon boss denies family influence |website = constructionnews.co.uk |date = 1 February 1996 }}{{cite web |url = https://www.constructionnews.co.uk/sections/news/persimmon-benefits-from-an-ideal-fit-05-09-1996/ |title = Persimmon benefits from an Ideal fit |website = constructionnews.co.uk |date = 5 September 1996}} Following the acquisition, Persimmon was able to increase its margins and recorded a pre-tax profit of £33.1 million for 1996.{{cite web |url = https://www.constructionnews.co.uk/sections/news/persimmon-improves-margins-13-03-1997/ |title = Persimmon improves margins |website = constructionnews.co.uk |date = 13 March 1997}} Around this time, the firm's construction strategy was centred on the principle of 'quality over quantity'.{{cite web |url = https://www.constructionnews.co.uk/sections/news/quality-is-up-persimmons-street-04-09-1997/ |title = Quality is up Persimmons street |website = constructionnews.co.uk |date = 4 September 1997 }}

During April 1998, it completed the purchase of the Scottish housing business of John Laing Group in exchange for £18 million, increasing its Scottish landbank by roughly one-third to almost 3,000 plots.{{cite web |url = https://www.constructionnews.co.uk/sections/news/persimmon-grows-2-09-04-1998/ |title = Persimmon grows |website = constructionnews.co.uk |date = 9 April 1998}}{{cite web |url = https://www.constructionnews.co.uk/sections/news/persimmons-perfect-reply-03-09-1998/ |title = Persimmon's perfect reply |website = constructionnews.co.uk |date = 3 September 1998}} Another acquisition was of the Scottish housebuilding business Tilbury Douglas Homes.{{cite web |url=http://www.interserve.com/media/financereports/Annual_Results_announcement_2001.pdf |title=Annual Results announcement 2001 |publisher=Interserve |access-date=22 March 2015}} In 1999, the firm launched a new subsidiary focused on interurban development.{{cite web |url = https://www.constructionnews.co.uk/sections/news/persimmon-tracks-city-lights-13-05-1999/ |title = Persimmon tracks city lights |website = constructionnews.co.uk |date = 13 May 1999}} Throughout the late 1990s, Persimmon recorded a series of increases to its profits.{{cite web |url = https://www.constructionnews.co.uk/sections/news/home-comfort-but-outlook-mixed-11-03-1999/ |title = Home comfort but outlook mixed |website = constructionnews.co.uk |date = 11 March 1999}}

In early 2001, Persimmon acquired Beazer Homes UK in exchange for £612 million, which brought the company's annual output to over 12,000 homes per year.{{cite web |url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/1133986.stm |title = Persimmon offers £538m for Beazer |work = BBC News |date = 24 January 2001}} The deal came about after Beazer and Bryant announced a 'merger of equals' that was to create a new house builder called Domus.{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/1118351.stm |title=BUSINESS – Persimmon to enter Beazer race |work=BBC News |date = 15 January 2001 |access-date=21 March 2015}} However, Taylor Woodrow stepped in with a £556 million bid for Bryant while Persimmon bought Beazer.{{cite news |url = https://www.theguardian.com/business/2001/jan/12/1 |title = Taylor makes late bid |work = The Guardian |first = David |last = Gow |date = 12 January 2001 }}{{cite web |url = https://www.investorschronicle.co.uk/content/3ffa56c2-46c1-5a10-93be-8366d25fa1ed |title = News Analysis: Beazer-Bryant Deal Is Hit By Housebuilders' Consolidation |website = investorschronicle.co.uk |date = 26 January 2001}} The acquisition of Beazer brought with it the upmarket housing business Charles Church;{{cite web |url=http://www.charleschurch.com/About |title=About Charles Church |work=charleschurch.com |access-date=21 March 2015}} months after the purchase, Persimmon incurred considerable losses as well as legal action that related to Church.{{cite web |url = https://www.constructionnews.co.uk/sections/news/persimmon-reels-at-church-losses-03-05-2001/ |title = Persimmon reels at Church losses |website = constructionnews.co.uk |date = 3 May 2001 |first = Sean |last = Barry}}

In January 2006, Persimmon completed the acquisition of Westbury, another listed UK house builder, for a total consideration of £643 million.{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/4465540.stm |title=Business – UK housebuilders announce tie-up |work=BBC News |date = 24 November 2005 |access-date=21 March 2015}}{{cite news |url = https://www.theguardian.com/society/2005/nov/25/communities.business |title = £640m secures win-win housebuilding deal |work = The Guardian |first = Ian |last = Griffiths |date = 25 November 2005}} Around the same timeframe, it also purchased the regional house builder Senator Homes in exchange for £25 million.{{cite web |url = https://www.constructionnews.co.uk/sections/news/persimmon-swoops-for-senator-14-12-2005/ |title = Persimmon swoops for Senator |website = constructionnews.co.uk |date = 14 December 2005}} As a result of its acquisitions, the firm became the largest housebuilder in the UK.{{cite web |url = https://www.constructionnews.co.uk/sections/news/persimmon-becomes-uks-no-1-with-643m-westbury-deal-24-11-2005/ |title = Persimmon becomes UK's No 1 with £643m Westbury deal |website = constructionnews.co.uk |date = 24 November 2005}}

The company was heavily impacted by the onset of the Great Recession; in 2008 alone, it lost £780 million along with impairments totalling £905 million.{{cite web |url = https://www.constructionnews.co.uk/sections/news/persimmon-records-780m-loss-03-03-2009/ |title = Persimmon records £780m loss |website = constructionnews.co.uk |date = 3 March 2009 |first = Nick |last = Whitten}} However, it returned to profitability in early 2009.{{cite web |url = https://www.constructionnews.co.uk/sections/news/persimmon-reports-half-year-profit-boosted-by-landbank-write-up-25-08-2009/ |title = Persimmon reports half year profit boosted by landbank write up |website = constructionnews.co.uk |date = 25 August 2009 |first = Nick |last = Whitten}} In early 2013, Persimmon recorded a near-doubling of profits and total revenues of £1.72 billion;{{cite web |url = https://www.constructionnews.co.uk/sections/news/persimmons-sales-and-profits-surge-ahead-25-02-2013/ |title = Persimmon's sales and profits surge ahead |website = constructionnews.co.uk |date = 25 February 2013 |first = Matthew |last = Bell}} some of these gains were attributed to the British government's Help to Buy scheme.{{cite web |url = https://www.constructionnews.co.uk/sections/news/help-to-buy-boosts-persimmon-home-sales-06-11-2013/ |title = Help to Buy boosts Persimmon home sales |website = constructionnews.co.uk |date = 6 November 2013 |first = Lucy |last = Mair}}

During 2019, the firm completed 15,855 homes and recorded an annual profit of £1.09 billion, which was the largest ever achieved by a British housebuilder; however, sales were declining amid recent reputational damage to Persimmon much of which was due to alleged quality control issues.{{cite news |url = https://www.theguardian.com/business/2020/jan/15/persimmon-sales-fall-as-reputation-suffers-but-profits-hold-up |title = Persimmon sales fall as reputation suffers but profits hold up |work = The Guardian |first = Julia |last = Kollewe |date = 15 January 2020 }}

In May 2024, Persimmon was reported to be considering a bid for Legal & General's subsidiary Cala Homes, which was valued at around £1 billion.{{cite news |title=Persimmon tipped for Cala bid |url=https://www.theconstructionindex.co.uk/news/view/persimmon-tipped-for-cala-bid |access-date=28 May 2024 |work=The Construction Index |date=28 May 2024}}

In the years following the Grenfell Tower fire, Persimmon, along with other housebuilders, made financial provisions to remediate fire safety problems on properties it had previously constructed. In 2024, it spent £60 million on building safety remediation; a January 2025 trading update revealed the firm had spent £120 million on building safety works, with further work required on 30% of known developments. It completed 10,664 homes in 2024, up from 9,922 completions in 2023.{{cite news |last1=Lowe |first1=Tom |title=Persimmon spent £60m on building safety remediation last year |url=https://www.building.co.uk/news/persimmon-spent-60m-on-building-safety-remediation-last-year/5133800.article |access-date=14 January 2025 |work=Building |date=14 January 2025}}

File:Driveway entrance to the HQ of Persimmon PLC - geograph.org.uk - 278190.jpg

It builds homes under the Persimmon Homes, Charles Church and Westbury Partnerships brands.{{cite web |url = http://corporate.persimmonhomes.com/psn/aboutus/profile/ |publisher = Persimmon |title = Corporate Profile |access-date = 30 August 2024}}

Persimmon has regularly been criticised for the poor build quality of some of its homes.{{cite web |url = https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/watchdog/2010/05/new_homes.html |publisher = Watchdog |title = More moans about new homes |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110606030314/http://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/watchdog/2010/05/new_homes.html |archive-date = 6 June 2011 }}{{cite web |url = http://charles-church.org.uk/New_homes_from_hell-charles_church.wmv |title = ITV New Homes from Hell |publisher = charles-church.org.uk |access-date = 30 August 2024}}{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/northamptonshire/7792467.stm |title=Poorly-fixed lintel killed child |work= BBC News |access-date=21 March 2015}}{{cite web |url=http://www.wiltshiretimes.co.uk/news/2264718.30k_damage_after_plumbing_nightmare/ |title=£30k damage after plumbing nightmare |work=Wiltshire Times |date=15 May 2008 |access-date=21 March 2015}}{{cite news |url=http://www.granthamjournal.co.uk/news/local/dream-homes-turn-into-a-nightmare-for-neighbours-on-persimmon-s-hunters-gate-development-in-grantham-1-6077739#ixzz48ip7n2FH |title=Dream homes turn into a nightmare for neighbours on Persimmon's Hunters Gate development in Grantham |work=Grantham Journal |date=23 May 2014 |access-date=15 May 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160810093830/http://www.granthamjournal.co.uk/news/local/dream-homes-turn-into-a-nightmare-for-neighbours-on-persimmon-s-hunters-gate-development-in-grantham-1-6077739#ixzz48ip7n2FH |archive-date=10 August 2016 |url-status=dead}}{{cite web |date=19 July 2018 |title=Persimmon homeowners in Newquay warn would-be buyers with signs |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-cornwall-44879858 |access-date=19 July 2018 |work=BBC News}}

In 2008, a boy was killed by a falling mantelpiece. Persimmon, which sub-contracted company KD Childs to fit the fireplaces, had not checked the standards and had never received documents about how fireplaces were fitted. A mantelpiece had previously fallen at another Persimmon Home but was treated as a "one-off" incident.{{cite web |url=http://m.heraldscotland.com/news/12377261.Death_of_boy_was_caused_by_poorly__fixed_mantelpiece/ |title=Death of boy was caused by poorly fixed mantelpiece |work=Herald Scotland |date=20 December 2008 |access-date=12 May 2016}}

Persimmon's build quality was the subject of a Channel 4 Dispatches documentary broadcast on 15 July 2019.{{cite news |last1=O'Dwyer |first1=Michael |title=Market report: Persimmon slips as it apologises for TV show's home truths |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/business/2019/07/15/market-reportpersimmon-slips-apologises-tv-shows-home-truths/ |access-date=17 July 2019 |work=The Telegraph |date=15 July 2019}}{{cite web |title=Britain's New Build Scandal: Channel 4 Dispatches |url=https://www.channel4.com/press/news/britains-new-build-scandal-channel-4-dispatches |website=Channel 4 |access-date=17 July 2019}} In August 2019, Persimmon appointed an independent team of construction quality inspectors to ensure its homes are built to required standards.{{cite news |last1=Morby |first1=Aaron |title=Persimmon calls in independent site quality enforcers |url=http://www.constructionenquirer.com/2019/08/20/persimmon-calls-in-independent-site-quality-enforcers/ |access-date=20 August 2019 |work=Construction Enquirer |date=20 August 2019}}

In April 2019, Persimmon launched an independent review of customer care and quality of work following criticism. Persimmon had been ranked the lowest major housebuilder in the Home Builders Federation annual customer satisfaction survey.{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2019/apr/06/persimmon-housebuilder-launches-review-drive-rebuild-image |title=Persimmon launches review in drive to rebuild its image |last=Busby |first=Mattha |newspaper=The Guardian |date=6 April 2019 |access-date=6 April 2019}} The review, published in December 2019, criticised Persimmon for not having minimum construction standards, increasing the risk of build defects,{{cite news |last1=Prior |first1=Grant |title=Report blasts Persimmon over construction standards |url=http://www.constructionenquirer.com/2019/12/17/report-blasts-persimmon-over-construction-standards/ |access-date=18 December 2019 |work=Construction Enquirer |date=17 December 2019}} with a "systemic nationwide failure" of missing and/or incorrectly installed fire cavity barriers in its timber frame properties.{{cite news |title=Persimmon faces up to its failings |url=https://www.theconstructionindex.co.uk/news/view/persimmon-faces-up-to-its-failings |access-date=18 December 2019 |work=The Construction Index |date=18 December 2019}}{{cite news |last1=Neate |first1=Rupert |title=Persimmon accused of building homes with 'intolerable' fire risk |url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2019/dec/17/persimmon-accused-of-building-houses-with-intolerable-fire-risk |work=The Guardian |date=17 December 2019 }} In March 2021, Persimmon CEO Dean Finch announced plans to double the firm's team of independent quality inspectors to over 60 by the end of 2021.{{cite news |title=New Persimmon chief on quality control drive |url=https://www.theconstructionindex.co.uk/news/view/new-persimmon-chief-on-quality-control-drive |access-date=3 March 2021 |work=The Construction Index |date=3 March 2021}}

In 2021, Persimmon built a block of properties the wrong way round in Colchester. The local authority required them to ensure the building was completed to the original designs submitted.{{cite web |url=https://www.gazette-news.co.uk/news/19642421.cowdray-centre-developer-alter-homes-mistake/ |title=Cowdray Centre: Developer has to alter homes after mistake |work=Colchester Gazette |date=13 October 2021 |access-date=13 October 2021}}

In 2019, Persimmon paid to take control of and then shut down a Facebook group, called Persimmon Homes Unhappy Customers, which detailed complaints about the company, and had almost 14,000 members.{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2019/aug/20/persimmon-profits-fall-as-housebuilder-looks-at-repairing-reputation |title=Persimmon profits fall as housebuilder looks at repairing reputation |date=20 August 2019 |newspaper=The Guardian |access-date=27 February 2024}} The company defended deleting the group.{{cite news |url=https://www.thetimes.com/business-money/markets/article/persimmon-defends-shutting-facebook-group-to-gag-critics-0hzcjn38l |title=Persimmon defends shutting Facebook group to 'gag critics' |date=5 July 2019 |newspaper=The Times |access-date=27 February 2024}}

In 2001, Persimmon was fined £125,000 after an employee was crushed to death. HSE investigating inspector Tony Mitchell said: "Companies need to ensure that all safety devices are fully operational. In this case properly fitted interlocks would have prevented access to the enclosure, and saved a life".{{cite web |url=http://m.building.co.uk/3088970.article?mobilesite=enabled |title=Persimmon fined £125,000 after crush death |first=Dan |last=Stewart |work=Building |access-date=12 May 2016}}

In December 2017, Persimmon's chairman, Nicholas Wrigley, resigned over his role in awarding Jeff Fairburn, the CEO, a £128 million bonus.{{cite news |url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2017/dec/15/persimmon-chair-resigns-chief-executive-obscene-bonus |title=Persimmon chair resigns over chief executive's 'obscene' £128m bonus |first=Rupert |last=Neate |date=15 December 2017 |work=The Guardian |access-date=15 December 2017 |via=www.theguardian.com}} The Persimmon bonus scheme was believed to be the UK's "most generous ever", scheduled to pay more than £800 million to 150 senior staff from 31 December 2016.

In October 2018, Fairburn received widespread criticism after refusing to discuss the bonus awarded to him the previous year. When the bonus was awarded he said he would forgo half his shares: the final bonus which therefore was awarded £75 million. This was the largest bonus award by a listed UK company in history.{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/business-45915486 |title=£75m bonus boss walks off over pay question |date=19 October 2018 |work=BBC News |access-date=25 November 2018}} Fairburn has said he would give a "substantial proportion" of the bonus to charity; however no details of the charities were given (and no charitable involvement could be identified three years later).{{cite news |last1=Neate |first1=Robert |title=Ex-Persimmon chief fails to set up charity three years on from bonus row |url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2021/feb/14/ex-persimmon-chief-jeff-fairburn-fails-to-set-up-charity-three-years-on-from-bonus-row |access-date=3 March 2021 |work=The Guardian |date=14 February 2021}}{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/business-46154777 |title=Persimmon bonus row boss retained £15m |last=Treanor |first=Jill |date=11 November 2018 |work=BBC News |access-date=25 November 2018}} He left the following month in a decision that the company described as being by "mutual agreement and at the request of the company".{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/business-46122407 |title=Building boss out over £75m pay row |date=7 November 2018 |work=BBC News |access-date=7 November 2018}}

In April 2019, Persimmon Homes was suspended from the UK Government's Prompt Payment Code for failing to pay suppliers on time.{{cite news |last1=Morby |first1=Aaron |title=Industry giants shamed over late payment |url=http://www.constructionenquirer.com/2019/04/29/industry-giants-shamed-over-late-payment/ |access-date=29 April 2019 |work=Construction Enquirer |date=29 April 2019}} It was reinstated around 10 months later.{{cite news |last1=Prior |first1=Grant |title=F M Conway suspended from Prompt Payment Code |url=https://www.constructionenquirer.com/2020/02/12/f-m-conway-suspended-from-prompt-payment-code/ |access-date=13 February 2020 |work=Construction Enquirer |date=12 February 2020}}

In February 2024, Persimmon was among eight UK house-builders targeted by the Competition and Markets Authority in an investigation into suspected breaches of competition law. The CMA said it had evidence that firms shared commercially sensitive information with competitors, influencing the build-out of sites and the prices of new homes.{{cite news |last1=Morby |first1=Aaron |title=Competition probe launched into 8 major house builders |url=https://www.constructionenquirer.com/2024/02/26/competition-probe-launched-into-8-major-house-builders/ |access-date=26 February 2024 |work=Construction Enquirer |date=26 February 2024}} In January 2025, the CMA said it was conducting further investigations into the suspected anti-competitive conduct.{{cite news |title=Watchdog keeps digging into house-builders' collusion |url=https://www.theconstructionindex.co.uk/news/view/watchdog-keeps-digging-into-house-builders-collusion |access-date=13 January 2025 |work=The Construction Index |date=13 January 2023}}

{{reflist|30em}}

• [https://www.persimmonhomes.com Official website]
• [https://www.persimmonhomes.com/corporate Persimmon plc corporate website]

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