Peter Early

{{Infobox officeholder

|name = Peter Early

|image = GovernorPeterEarly (1).jpg

|restingplace = West bank of the Oconee River

|order = 28th Governor of Georgia

|lieutenant =

|term_start = November 5, 1813

|term_end = November 20, 1815

|predecessor = David Brydie Mitchell

|successor = David Brydie Mitchell

| state1 = Georgia

| district1 = at-large

| term_start1 = January 10, 1803

| term_end1 = March 3, 1807

| preceded1 = John Milledge

| succeeded1 = Howell Cobb

|birth_name = Peter Early

|birth_date = {{birth date|1773|6|20}}

|birth_place = Madison, Colony of Virginia, British America

|death_date = {{death date and age|1817|8|15|1773|6|20}}

|death_place = Scull Shoals, Georgia, US

|party = Democratic-Republican Party

|spouse =

|children =

|alma_mater = Washington and Lee University
Princeton University

|signature = Signature of Peter Early (1773–1817).png

}}

Peter Early (June 20, 1773 – August 15, 1817) was an American lawyer, jurist and politician who served as governor of Georgia and as a two-term U.S. congressman during the early 19th century.

File:19-13-156-museum.jpg]]

Early life

He was born near Madison in the Colony of Virginia, in 1773, the son of Joel Early and Lucy Smith. He had a sister, Lucy, who later married Charles Lewis Mathews,Patrick, Rembert W. (2010). Florida Fiasco: Rampant Rebels on the Georgia-Florida Border, 1810–1815. University of Georgia Press, 2010. {{ISBN|0820335495}}, 9780820335490 and a brother, Eleazer, who built the first hotel in Savannah, Georgia. His cousin, Jubal Early, became the grandfather of Jubal Anderson Early (1816–1894), later a prominent Confederate general.

Peter Early graduated from the Lexington Academy (current-day Washington and Lee University). He later graduated from Princeton College, in 1792. His family moved to Wilkes County, Georgia, on the central eastern border, that same year. Early was studying law with Jared Ingersoll in Philadelphia. After finishing his legal studies, Peter Early joined his family in Wilkes County.

There he married Ann Adams Smith in 1793. In 1796 he began his law practice in Washington, the county seat of Wilkes County.

Political life

Early was elected as a Representative from Georgia to the 8th United States Congress to serve the remainder of the term left vacant by the resignation of John Milledge, who had been elected as Governor of Georgia. Early was re-elected to the 9th Congress. During his congressional service, Early was one of the House managers (prosecutors) in the impeachment trials of John Pickering, New Hampshire United States District Court judge, in January 1804, and Samuel Chase, Associate Justice of the United States Supreme Court, in December of that year. Early did not seek reelection in 1806.

After his congressional service,{{cite web|last1=Early|first1=Peter|title=Letter, 1806 Apr. 19, Washington City, [to] Governor [John] Milledge / Peter Early|url=http://dlg.galileo.usg.edu/zlna/id:tcc380|website=Southeastern Native American Documents, 1730–1842|publisher=Digital Library of Georgia|access-date=June 11, 2016}}{{Dead link|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Early was elected by the Georgia General Assembly as judge of the Superior Court, Ocmulgee Circuit, serving in that court from 1807 until 1813. The respect and popularity he gained from his service on the bench propelled him to be elected the 28th Governor of Georgia in 1813. He served one term, through 1815, during which he was instrumental in committing funds on several occasions from the state treasury to help raise and supply additional troops from Georgia to the American military forces during the latter half of the War of 1812.{{cite web|last1=Early|first1=Peter|title=[Letter], 1813 Nov. [to] Gen[era]l [David B.?] Mitchell / Peter Early|url=http://dlg.galileo.usg.edu/zlna/id:tcc414|website=Southeastern Native American Documents, 1730–1842|publisher=Digital Library of Georgia|access-date=June 11, 2016}}{{Dead link|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

Early moved to Greene County after his gubernatorial term, where he was elected to the Georgia Senate.

Death

During his term in the Georgia Senate, Peter Early died on August 15, 1817, at his summer home near Scull Shoals in Greene County. He was buried on the west bank of the Oconee River near his Fontenoy Plantation home,{{cite web|title=Governor Peter Early historical marker|url=http://georgiainfo.galileo.usg.edu/topics/historical_markers/county/greene/governor-peter-early|publisher=Digital Library of Georgia|access-date=June 11, 2016}} with a simple monument to mark his grave.

In 1914, his family had his remains reinterred in the Greensboro City Cemetery.

Legacy and honors

Early County, Georgia,{{cite book | url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ | title=The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States | publisher=Govt. Print. Off. | author=Gannett, Henry | year=1905 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ/page/n111 112]}} and Fort Early{{cite web|title=Fort Early historical marker|url=http://georgiainfo.galileo.usg.edu/topics/historical_markers/county/crisp/fort-early|publisher=Digital Library of Georgia|access-date=June 11, 2016}} were named in his honor.

Notes

References

{{cite book|title=Communication of His Excellency the Governor to the Legislature of Georgia: with a part of the accompanying documents|date=1815|publisher=S. & F. Grantland|location=Milledgeville, Ga.|url=http://digitalcollections.library.gsu.edu/cdm/ref/collection/printed/id/1964|access-date=June 11, 2016}}
{{cite book

|editor=William J. Northen

|editor-link=William J. Northen

|title=Men of Mark in Georgia

|url=https://archive.org/details/menmarkingeorgi00nortgoog

|quote=Georgia Scenes.

|format=PDF

|access-date=December 28, 2006

|edition=Volume II

|year=1910

|publisher=A. B. Caldwell

|location=Atlanta, Georgia

|pages=[https://archive.org/details/menmarkingeorgi00nortgoog/page/n433 353]–356

}}

External links

[https://web.archive.org/web/20061123175249/http://www.georgiaarchives.org/what_do_we_have/govhisroster.htm Georgia State Archives Roster of State Governors]
{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20060118235505/http://www.gashpo.org/assets/documents/ga_govs_graves_field_guide.pdf Georgia Governor's Gravesites Field Guide (1776–2003)]}}
[http://georgiainfo.galileo.usg.edu/topics/historical_markers/county/greene/governor-peter-early Governor Peter Early] historical marker

{{US House succession box

|state = Georgia

|district = AL

|before= John Milledge

|after= Howell Cobb

|years=January 10, 1803 – March 3, 1807

}}

{{succession box

|before=David Brydie Mitchell

|title=Governor of Georgia

|years=November 5, 1813 – November 20, 1815

|after=David Brydie Mitchell