Peter Salama
{{Short description|Australian epidemiologist (1968–2020)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
Peter Salama (1968{{citation |url=https://wellcome.ac.uk/press-release/tribute-dr-peter-salama-1968-2019-he-touched-and-enhanced-lives-millions-people |title=Tribute to Peter Salama (1968–2019): "He touched and enhanced the lives of millions of people" |author=Jeremy Farrar |publisher=Wellcome |date=24 January 2020 |access-date=27 January 2020 }} – 23 January 2020) was an Australian epidemiologist who worked for UNICEF (2002–16) and the World Health Organization (2016–19). He was particularly known for his work at both organisations managing their responses to Ebola epidemics in Africa.{{citation |url=https://africatimes.com/2020/01/25/who-announces-death-of-peter-salama-former-ebola-response-leader/ |title=WHO announces death of Peter Salama, former Ebola response leader |publisher=Africa Times |date=25 January 2020 |access-date=27 January 2020}}{{citation |url=https://www.healthpolicy-watch.org/global-health-emergencies-advocate-peter-salama-dies-at-age-51/ |title=Global Health & Emergencies Advocate Peter Salama Dies At Age 51 |author=Elaine Ruth Fletcher |publisher=Health Policy Watch |date=24 January 2020 |access-date=27 January 2020 }} Richard Horton, editor of The Lancet, described him as "a loyal and committed health advocate and multilateralist" who "brought depth and strength to WHO".
Biography
Salama gained his medical degree from the University of Melbourne and a degree in public health from Harvard University.
His early career included positions at Tufts University and at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, from which he was seconded to the UN High Commissioner for Refugees after the September 11 attacks.{{citation |url=https://www.statnews.com/2016/11/15/who-health-emergencies-peter-salama/ |title=The WHO has stumbled in its response to emergencies. Can this man get the next one right? |author=Helen Branswell |author-link=Helen Branswell |publisher=STAT |date=15 November 2016 |access-date=27 January 2020}} He also worked in Asia and Africa for the charities Médecins Sans Frontières and Concern Worldwide. In 2002, Salama started to work for UNICEF as Chief of Health and Nutrition in Afghanistan (2002–04), where he was credited by the former public health minister, Suraya Dalil, as facilitating the establishment of a fair system of health care in the country. He then served as the agency's Chief of Global Health and Principal Advisor on HIV/AIDS, New York (2004–09) and Ethiopia and Zimbabwe representative (2009–15). In 2015, he was appointed UNICEF's Regional Director for the Middle East and North Africa, based in Jordan. In this role, he managed the agency's international work on Ebola, and also oversaw programmes in Syria, Iraq and Yemen.
In 2016, he joined the World Health Organization (WHO) in a newly created position as head of their Health Emergencies Programme. He led the agency's work during the end of the West African Ebola epidemic, and the subsequent Ebola outbreak in Équateur province, Democratic Republic of the Congo (2018), as well as the epidemic centred on Kivu province (2018–20).{{citation |url=https://www.science.org/content/article/out-frying-pan-fire-new-ebola-outbreak-congo |title=Out of the frying pan, into the fire with a new Ebola outbreak in Congo |author=Jon Cohen |journal=Science |date=6 August 2018 |access-date=27 January 2020}} He was appointed head of WHO's Universal Health Coverage in March 2019, a position that he held until his death.{{citation |url=https://www.gavi.org/news/media-room/gavi-statement-following-death-peter-salama |title=Geneva, 24 January 2020 |publisher=Gavi |date=24 January 2020 |access-date=27 January 2020}} Other responsibilities included board membership of GAVI (from 2019) and the Partnership for Maternal, Newborn & Child Health.{{citation |url=https://www.9news.com.au/world/peter-salama-australian-epidemiologist-dies-aged-50/3631dd8f-ea93-4032-a586-fc173cb3d27a |title=Prominent Australian epidemiologist Doctor Peter Salama dies |publisher=Nine News |date=25 January 2020 |access-date=27 January 2020 }}
His published research was in the areas of HIV, infectious diseases for which there are vaccines, nutrition, mother and child health, and health issues relating to war, refugees and emergencies.
Salama was married; he and his wife had three sons.{{citation |url=https://www.who.int/news-room/detail/24-01-2020-who-mourns-passing-of-dr-peter-salama |title=WHO mourns passing of Dr Peter Salama |publisher=WHO |date=24 January 2020 |access-date=27 January 2020}} He died from a heart attack on 23 January 2020 in Geneva, Switzerland, at the age of 51.{{citation |url=https://www.who.int/dg/who-headquarters-leadership-team |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190418043128/https://www.who.int/dg/who-headquarters-leadership-team |archive-date=April 18, 2019 |title=WHO Headquarters Leadership Team |publisher=WHO |access-date=27 January 2020}}{{citation |url=https://www.unicef.org/press-releases/unicef-mourns-death-dr-peter-salama |title=UNICEF mourns death of Dr. Peter Salama |author=Henrietta Fore |publisher=UNICEF |date=24 January 2020 |access-date=27 January 2020}}
Selected publications
;Reviews
- {{citation |author=Tessa Wardlaw |author2=Peter Salama |author3=Clarissa Brocklehurst |author4=Mickey Chopra |author5=Elizabeth Mason |title=Diarrhoea: why children are still dying and what can be done |journal=The Lancet |year=2010 |volume=375 |issue=9718 |pages=870–72 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61798-0 |pmid=19833382 |s2cid=29645246 }}
- {{citation |author=Tessa Wardlaw |author2=Peter Salama |author3=Emily White Johansson |author4=Elizabeth Mason |title=Pneumonia: the leading killer of children |journal=The Lancet |year=2006 |volume=368 |issue=9541 |pages=1048–1050 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(06)69334-3 |pmid=16997649 |s2cid=37807021 }}
- {{citation |author=Peter Salama |author2=Paul Spiegel |author3=Leisel Talley |author4=Ronald Waldman |title=Lessons learned from complex emergencies over past decade |journal=The Lancet |year=2004 |volume=364 |issue=9447 |pages=1801–13 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(04)17405-9 |pmid=15541455 |s2cid=22068634 }}
- {{citation |author=R. F. Mollica |author2=B. Lopes Cardozo |author3=H. J. Osofsky |author4=B. Raphael |author5=A. Ager |author6=P. Salama |title=Mental health in complex emergencies |journal=The Lancet |year=2004 |volume=364 |issue=9450 |pages=2058–67 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(04)17519-3 |pmid=15582064 |s2cid=6134818 }}
;Research papers
- {{citation |author=Edmore Marinda |author2=Jean H. Humphrey |author3=Peter J. Iliff |author4=Kuda Mutasa |author5=Kusum J. Nathoo |author6=Ellen G. Piwoz |author7=Lawrence H. Moulton |author8=Peter Salama |author9=Brian J. Ward
|collaboration=ZVITAMBO Study Group |title=Child mortality according to maternal and infant HIV status in Zimbabwe |journal=The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal |year=2007 |volume=26 |issue=6 |pages=519–26 |doi=10.1097/01.inf.0000264527.69954.4c |pmid=17529870 |s2cid=10535639 }}
References
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Category:Australian epidemiologists