Phemeranthus calycinus
{{Short description|Plant species in the family}}
{{Speciesbox
| image = Phemeranthus calycinus.jpg
| status = {{TNCStatus}}
| status_system = TNC
| status_ref = {{Cite NatureServe |date=4 April 2025 |id=2.140791 |title=Phemeranthus calycinus |access-date=5 April 2025}}
| genus = Phemeranthus
| species = calycinus
| authority = (Engelm.) Kiger
| synonyms_ref = {{cite POWO |id=1168009-2 |title=Phemeranthus calycinus (Engelm.) Kiger |access-date=5 April 2025}}
| synonyms = {{Species list
| Claytonia calycina | (Engelm.) Kuntze
| Talinum calycinum | Engelm.
}}
}}
Phemeranthus calycinus, commonly called largeflower fameflower, rock pink, or fame flower{{cite book |last1=Denison |first1=Edgar |title=Missouri Wildflowers |date=2017 |publisher=Conservation Commission of the State of Missouri |isbn=978-1-887247-59-7 |pages=63}} is a species of flowering plant in the montia family (Montiaceae). It is native to the central United States, and its natural habitat is on glades, sandy areas, or bluffs with rock outcrops.
Description
Phemeranthus calycinus is an herbaceous perennial, typically growing in large colonies. Its leaves are up to {{convert |2|in|cm|0| order=flip}} long, linear, very narrow, succulent, and found at the base of the plant. A leafless flower stalk rises from the basal leaves to a height of about {{convert |12|in|cm|0| order=flip|}}. Pink-red to red-purple flowers are arranged in open groups at the end of the flower stalks. The flowers, which only open for a couple of hours in the early afternoon, have 5 to 8 rounded petals, 2 sepals, 30 to 45 stamens, and a pistil with a thin style. Flowers bloom off and on for 1 to 3 months in the summer and are about {{convert |1|in|cm|0| order=flip|}} across.{{cite web |title=Large-Flowered Rock Pink (Phemeranthus calycinus) |url=https://www.illinoiswildflowers.info/prairie/plantx/lf_rockpink.htm |website=www.illinoiswildflowers.info}}
Taxonomy
A synonymous name for Phemeranthus calycinus is Talinum calycinum. {{cite web | url=https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=847596#null | title=ITIS - Report: Phemeranthus calycinus }}
Etymology
Distribution and habitat
It is native to New Mexico, Colorado, Texas, Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska, Louisiana, Arkansas, Missouri, and Illinois. It is listed as endangered in Illinois{{cite web |title=Illinois Natural History Survey Plantdb |url=https://wwv.inhs.illinois.edu/data/plantdb/detail/413 |website=wwv.inhs.illinois.edu}} and critically imperiled/imperiled in Nebraska.{{cite web |title=Revision of the Tier 1 and 2 Lists of Species of Greatest Conservation Need, 2018 |url=https://outdoornebraska.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/NE-SWAP-SGCN-Revision-Supplemental-Document-2018-Final_edited-1.pdf |access-date=7 November 2022 |publisher=Nebraska Game and Parks}} It is found primarily in the areas of the Great Plains and Ozark and Ouachita Mountains in the United States. Its natural habitat is on glades, sandy areas, or bluffs with rock outcrops, typically on acidic substrates (although rare populations on calcareous substrates are known).
References
{{Reflist|refs=
{{BONAP|ref|genus=Phemeranthus|species=calycinus|accessdate=21 February 2019}}
{{PLANTS|id=PHCA48|taxon=Phemeranthus calycinus|accessdate=21 February 2019}}
}}{{Taxonbar|from=Q17244896}}