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Phyllosticta

{{Short description|Genus of fungi}}

{{Automatic taxobox

| image = Phyllosticta cruenta DK17 (4).jpg

| image_alt = "Phyllosticta cruenta" on "Polygonatum odoratum" found in Ryczów, Silesian Voivodeship, Poland

| image_caption = Phyllosticta cruenta on Polygonatum odoratum found in Ryczów, Silesian Voivodeship, Poland

| taxon = Phyllosticta

| authority = Pers.

| subdivision_ranks = Species

| subdivision_ref = {{cite web|title=Speciesfungorum Phyllosticta genus |url=http://www.speciesfungorum.org/names/names.asp?strGenus=Phyllosticta |access-date=May 26, 2015}}

| subdivision = See text

}}

Phyllosticta is a genus of fungi. Many of the species in this genus are common and important plant pathogens. They typically infect the foliage and cause tannish-gray leaf spots with dark brown to purple borders. However, Phyllosticta may also infect fruit and stems. Yield loss is a common consequence of Phyllosticta infection.{{cite web|title=University of Georgia Plant Pathology Phyllosticta |url=http://plantpath.caes.uga.edu/extension/Fungi/phyllosticta.html |access-date=May 26, 2015}} Representatives of the genus are found worldwide and on a wide range of plant hosts.{{cite journal |last1=Zhang |first1=Zhaoxue |last2=Liu |first2=Xiaoyong |last3=Zhang |first3=Xiuguo |last4=Meng |first4=Zhe |title=Morphological and phylogenetic analyses reveal two new species and a new record of Phyllosticta (Botryosphaeriales, Phyllostictaceae) from Hainan, China |journal=MycoKeys |date=2022 |issue=91 |pages=1–23 |doi=10.3897/mycokeys.91.84803 |doi-access=free |pmid=36760886 |pmc=9849093 }}

History

Phyllosticta was introduced by German mycologist Persoon in 1818 and species Phyllosticta convallariae {{Au|Pers.}} was designated as the type species (Donk 1968).{{cite journal |last1=Donk |first1=M.A. |title=Report of the committee for fungi and lichen 1964–1968. |journal=Taxon |date=1968 |volume=17 |issue=5 |pages=578–581 |doi=10.2307/1216075|jstor=1216075 }} Since Phyllosticta is distinct from other genera in that family, Seaver (1922) treated it in the family Phyllostictaceae {{Au|Fr.}} of the order Phyllostictites.{{cite journal |last1=Seaver |first1=F.J. |title=Phyllostictaceae. |journal=North American Flora |volume=6 |issue=1922 |pages=3–84}} Nevertheless, Phyllosticta was accommodated in the family Botryosphaeriaceae {{Au|Theiss. & Syd.}} (in order Botryosphaeriales C.L. Schoch et al.) in several major studies (e.g. Crous et al. 2006;{{cite journal |last1=Crous |first1=P.W. |last2=Slippers |first2=B. |last3=Wingfield |first3=M.J. |last4=Rheeder |first4=J. |last5=Marasas |first5=W.F.O. |last6=Philips |first6=A.J.L. |last7=Alves |first7=A. |last8=Burgess |first8=T. |last9=Barber |first9=P. |last10=Groenewald |first10=J.Z. |title=Phylogenetic lineages in the Botryosphaeriaceae. |journal=Studies in Mycology |date=2006 |volume=55 |pages=235–253 |doi=10.3114/sim.55.1.235|doi-access=free |pmc=2104729 }} Schoch et al. 2006;{{cite journal |last1=Schoch |first1=C.L. |last2=Shoemaker |first2=R.A. |last3=Seifert |first3=K.A. |last4=Hambleton |first4=S. |last5=Spatafora |first5=J.W. |last6=Crous |first6=P.W. |title=A multigene phylogeny of the Dothideomycetes using four nuclear loci. |journal=Mycologia |date=2006 |volume=98 |issue=6 |pages=1041–1052 |doi=10.1080/15572536.2006.11832632}} Liu et al. 2012).{{cite journal |last1=Liu |first1=J.K. |last2=Phookamsak |first2=R. |last3=Doilom |first3=M. |last4=Wikee |first4=S. |last5=Li |first5=Y.M. |last6=Ariyawansha |first6=H. |last7=Boonmee |first7=S. |last8=Chomnunti |first8=P. |last9=Dai |first9=D.Q. |last10=Bhat |first10=J.D. |last11=Romero |first11=A.I. |last12=Zhuang |first12=W.Y. |last13=Monkai |first13=J. |last14=Jones |first14=E.B.G. |last15=Chukeatirote |first15=E. |last16=Zhao |first16=Y.C. |last17=Wang |first17=Y. |last18=Hyde |first18=Kevin D. |title=Toward a natural classification of Botryosphaeriales. |journal=Fungal Diversity |date=2012 |volume=57 |issue=1 |pages=149–210 |doi=10.1007/s13225-012-0207-4|hdl=11336/79989 |hdl-access=free }} However, the phylogenetic analyses by Wikee et al. (2013a) allocated Phyllosticta in a clade sister to Botryosphaeriaceae.{{cite journal |last1=Wikee |first1=S. |last2=Udayanga |first2=D. |last3=Crous |first3=P.W. |last4=Chukeatirote |first4=E. |last5=McKenzie |first5=E.H.C. |last6=Bahkali |first6=A.H. |last7=Dai |first7=D.Q. |last8=Hyde |first8=Kevin D. |title=Phyllosticta – an overview of current status of species recognition. |journal=Fungal Diversity |date=2011 |volume=51 |issue=1 |pages=43–61 |doi=10.1007/s13225-011-0146-5}} As a result, the genus was accepted in the family Phyllostictaceae, in the order Botryosphaeriales.

A total of 3,213 names are documented for Phyllosticta in the Index Fungorum (accessed on 31 March 2022) (Hongsanan et al. 2020; Wijayawardene et al. 2020).{{cite journal |display-authors=6 |last1=Wijayawardene |first1=Nalin |last2=Hyde |first2=Kevin |first3=Laith Khalil Tawfeeq |last3=Al-Ani |last4=Somayeh |first4=Dolatabadi |last5=Stadler |first5=Marc |last6=Haelewaters |first6=Danny |last7=Tsurykau |first7=Andrei |last8=Mesic |first8=Armin |last9=Navathe |first9=Sudhir |last10=Papp |first10=Viktor |last11=Oliveira Fiuza |first11=Patrícia |last12=Vázquez |first12=Víctor |last13=Gautam |first13=Ajay |last14=Becerra |first14=Alejandra G. |last15=Ekanayaka |first15=Anusha |last16=K. C. |first16=Rajeshkumar |last17=Bezerra |first17=Jadson |last18=Matočec |first18=Neven |last19=Maharachchikumbura |first19=Sajeewa |last20=Suetrong |first20=Satinee |year=2020 |title=Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa |journal=Mycosphere |volume=11 |pages=1060–1456 |doi=10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/8 |doi-access=free|hdl=10481/61998 |hdl-access=free }} However, many of these names have been synonymised (van der Aa and Vanev 2002).{{cite book |last1=van der Aa |first1=H.A. |last2=Vanev |first2=S. |title=A revision of the species described in Phyllosticta. |date=2002 |publisher=Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures (CBS). |location=Utrecht, The Netherlands}} In 2022, 1499 species are accepted in the genus (Bánki et al. 2022).{{cite journal |last1=Bánki |first1=O. |last2=Roskov |first2=Y. |last3=Döring |first3=M. |last4=Ower |first4=G. |last5=Vandepitte |first5=L. |last6=Hobern |first6=D. |last7=Remsen |first7=D. |last8=Schalk |first8=P. |last9=DeWalt |first9=R.E. |last10=Keping |first10=M. |last11=Miller |first11=J. |last12=Orrell |first12=T. |last13=Aalbu |first13=R. |last14=Adlard |first14=R. |last15=Adriaenssens |first15=E.M. |last16=Aedo |first16=C. |last17=Aescht |first17=E. |last18=Akkari |first18=N. |last19=Alfenas-Zerbini |first19=P. |title=Catalogue of Life Checklist (Version 2022-03-21) |journal=Catalogue of Life |date=2022 |doi=10.48580/dfpd}}

Species

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References

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External links

  • [http://www.indexfungorum.org Index Fungorum]
  • [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3825230/#!po=2.94118 A phylogenetic re-evaluation of Phyllosticta (Botryosphaeriales)]

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Category:Fungal plant pathogens and diseases

Category:Dothideomycetes genera