Pic de Médécourbe

{{Infobox mountain

| name = Pic de Médécourbe | other_name = Pic de Medacorba

| photo = Col de Bareytes et crete de Médécourbe.JPG

| photo_caption = The Vicdessos valley looking towards Pic de Médécourbe and Col de Bareytes (2859m) in the background

| elevation_m = 2914

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| range = Pyrenees

| location = AndorraFranceSpain border

| map = Andorra |relief=1

| map_caption = Location on the Andorra–France–Spain tripoint

| map_size = 250

| label_position = right

| coordinates = {{coord|42|36|07|N|01|26|32|E|type:mountain_scale:100000|format=dms|display=inline,title}}

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Pic de Médécourbe (Catalan: Pic de Medacorba) is a mountain in Europe that sits on the western tripoint boundary of Andorra, France and Spain. It is {{convert|2914|m|ft|0}} tall. It overlooks Étang de Soulcem, a large artificial lake used for hydroelectricity generation, and the Vicdessos valley.Govern d'Andorra (1991). Atlas d'Andorra, map of northwestern Andorra, p.20. {{in lang|ca}} There is also an eastern tripoint of Andorra, France, and Spain approximately 6 km south of Pas de la Casa.

Geological and glacial history

Geological studies and glacial research conducted in the Médécourbe valley, which lies directly north of the mountain, reveal a rich history of glacial activity dating back to the Late Glacial and Holocene periods. Moraine landforms in the upper Médécourbe valley provide evidence of past glacier advances and retreats. In particular, large moraines formed around 12,400 years ago, during the transition period between the Late Glacial period and the Younger Dryas—a time when cooler climatic conditions briefly returned to Europe.

Research using cosmic ray exposure (CRE) dating techniques identified at least two distinct moraine formations from the early Holocene period (approximately 9,600 years ago). Another moraine, located near the highest part of the valley, could represent glacier advances occurring either during the Late Holocene or the Little Ice Age (between the 14th and 19th centuries CE), but its exact age remains undetermined. This history indicates that the Médécourbe valley experienced substantial climatic changes, with significant cooling episodes necessary to explain these glacial expansions. Climatic models suggest that the local climate was approximately 3.9 °C cooler than present-day conditions, which allowed glaciers to form and persist at lower altitudes.

Today, the Médécourbe catchment no longer has a glacier due to the current climatic conditions, which are warmer and less favourable to ice formation. However, a small permanent snow patch persists at the base of the mountain's steep northern cliffs, maintained by shading and frequent snow avalanches.

References

{{Reflist|refs=

{{cite journal |last1=Jomelli |first1=Vincent |last2=Chapron |first2=Emmanuel |last3=Favier |first3=Vincent |last4=Rinterknecht |first4=Vincent |last5=Braucher |first5=Régis |last6=Tournier |first6=Nicolas |last7=Gascoin |first7=Simon |last8=Marti |first8=Renaud |last9=Galop |first9=Didier |last10=Binet |first10=Stéphane |last11=Deschamps-Berger |first11=Cesar |last12=Tissoux |first12=Helene |last13=Aumaitre |first13=Georges |last14=Bourlès |first14=Didier L. |last15=Keddadouche |first15=Karim | title=Glacier fluctuations during the Late Glacial and Holocene on the Ariège valley, northern slope of the Pyrenees and reconstructed climatic conditions |journal=Mediterranean Geoscience Reviews |volume=2 |issue=1 |year=2020 |doi=10.1007/s42990-020-00018-5 |pages=37–51 |url=https://insu.hal.science/insu-02476511/file/Jomelli2020_Article_GlacierFluctuationsDuringTheLa.pdf}}

}}

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Medecourbe, Pic de}}

Category:Mountains of the Pyrenees

Category:Mountains of Andorra

Category:Mountains of Occitania (administrative region)

Category:Mountains of Catalonia

Category:International mountains of Europe

Category:Andorra–France border

Category:Andorra–Spain border

Category:France–Spain border

Category:Border tripoints

Category:Two-thousanders of Andorra

Category:Two-thousanders of France

Category:Two-thousanders of Spain

Category:Landforms of Ariège (department)