Pico Sacro

In Galician mythology, Queen Lupa sent the disciples of the Apostle James, Theodore and Athanasius, to Pico Sacro to collect her oxen to help build a tomb for the apostle. Lupa did not tell them that there was a cave with an entrance to Hell, and that a dragon lived there.{{Cite web |title=The Jacobean Legend of Queen Lupa |url=https://translatiomedia.com/en/the-jacobean-legend-of-queen-lupa |access-date=26 March 2023 |website=TranslatioMedia |date=27 May 2021 |archive-date=25 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230725063648/https://translatiomedia.com/en/the-jacobean-legend-of-queen-lupa/ |url-status=live }} The faith of the disciples protected them from the dragon and tamed the oxen.{{cite web |last1=Regional Government of Galicia |title=Legends of the Camino de Santiago |url=https://artsandculture.google.com/story/legends-of-the-camino-de-santiago-xunta-de-galicia/DQXhJRgM6pcE7w?hl=en-US |website=Google Arts and Culture |access-date=16 July 2023 |archive-date=16 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230716011011/https://artsandculture.google.com/story/legends-of-the-camino-de-santiago-xunta-de-galicia/DQXhJRgM6pcE7w?hl=en-US |url-status=live }}

The Camino Sanabrés, a branch of the Way of Saint James, passes by the foot of the mountain originating in Granja de Moreruela.{{cite web |title=Outeiro to Santiago |url=https://caminodesantiago.consumer.es/en/the-st-james-way/sanabres-way/outeiro-to-santiago |website=Caminos de Santiago |access-date=18 June 2023 |archive-date=20 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230320125310/https://caminodesantiago.consumer.es/en/the-st-james-way/sanabres-way/outeiro-to-santiago |url-status=live }} The crest of the mountain is divided by a deep trench known as the "Rúa da Raíña Lupa" (English: Queen Lupa's path). The origin of the {{convert|2x 6|m|ft}} gap is unknown; it may be a natural fissure, or the result of mining performed by the Romans. Fanciful tales attribute the cut to Queen Lupa or the sword of a Titan.{{cite web |title=RÚA DA RAÍÑA LUPA / CALLE DE LA REINA LUPA |url=https://www.boqueixon.gal/codigos-qr/rua-da-raina-lupa-calle-de-la-reina-lupa |website=Concello de Boqueixón |date=14 October 2016 |language=gl |access-date=20 June 2023 |archive-date=16 July 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230716023009/https://www.boqueixon.gal/codigos-qr/rua-da-raina-lupa-calle-de-la-reina-lupa/ |url-status=live }} Historian {{ill|Antonio López Ferreiro|es}} hypothesized that the trench could have been used as a moat for the castle on the summit.

The Benedictine Monastery of San Sebastián was built below the mountain's peak at the beginning of the 10th century by Sisnando I, bishop of Iria Flavia. The monastery was later dismantled by Archbishop Alonso de Fonseca to build a castle.

The {{ill|Castle of Pico Sacro|gl|Castelo do Pico Sacro}} was built in the Early Middle Ages near the top of the mountain, replacing a small chapel near the Monastery of San Sebastián. In the 15th century this fortress was destroyed during the Irmandiño revolts, but was later rebuilt by Archbishop Alonso de Fonseca to defend against the House of Altamira.{{cite web |url=http://onosopatrimonio.blogspot.com.es/2011/07/castelos-de-galiza.html |title=O noso patrimonio – Castelos de Galiza/Galicia |date=July 2011 |language=gl |access-date=18 June 2023 |archive-date=17 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180517053528/http://onosopatrimonio.blogspot.com.es/2011/07/castelos-de-galiza.html |url-status=live }}{{cite web |title=A Granxa |url=https://www.romanicodigital.com/sites/default/files/pdfs/files/a_coruna_Granxa%2C_A.pdf |access-date=5 October 2022 |language=es |archive-date=5 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221005181301/https://www.romanicodigital.com/sites/default/files/pdfs/files/a_coruna_Granxa,_A.pdf |url-status=live }}

When an epidemic of Saint Anthony's fire was raging in Galicia, those afflicted would to go to the mountain and, after making an offering of bread at the summit, pray the following prayer:{{cite book |last1=Frank |first1=Roslyn M |title=Exploring the Indigenous Face of Europe: Rethinking Fairytales, the Pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela and Glass Mountain before Cinderella |date=Spring 2022 |publisher=uiowa.edu |url=https://iro.uiowa.edu/esploro/outputs/9984257357702771/filesAndLinks?institution=01IOWA_INST&index=0 |access-date=18 June 2023 |archive-date=18 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230618182124/https://iro.uiowa.edu/esploro/outputs/9984257357702771/filesAndLinks?institution=01IOWA_INST&index=0 |url-status=live }}

:Holy Peak, Holy Peak,

:consecrated by the blessed Saint James,

:deliver me from this angry fire,

:through the intercession of the Virgin Mary,

:and Our Father and a Hail Mary.

Or, simply: "Sacred Peak, Sacred Peak, heal me from the malady that consumes me.Pico Sagro, Pico Sagro, que te consagróu o bendito Sant-Iago, líbrame deste fogo airado, pola intercesión de la Virgen María, un Padre-nuestro e un Ave María. Ou, simplemente: "Pico Sagro, Pico Sagro, sáname do mal que eu trago."

The academic Vicente Risco believes that this prayer dates from the 13th century, and notes that it is not addressed to any saint, but to the mountain itself as if it could hear and heal the person making the prayer.{{sfn|Risco|1962| pages= 271–272}}

File:Pico Sacro. Boqueixon. 01.jpg|View of Pico Sacro

File:Pico Sacro. Boqueixon. 02.jpg|View of Pico Sacro

File:Pico Sacro. Boqueixon. 03.jpg|triangulation station atop Pico Sacro

File:Pico Sacro - 02 - Panorama polar.jpg|Polar panoramic from the top of Pico Sacro

File:Mapa da translaçom em Historia del Apostol de Iesus Christo Sanctiago Zebedeo (1610).jpg|1610 - Map of the Jacobean legend in Historia del Apostol de Iesus Christo Sanctiago Zebedeo{{cite book |last1=Castellá Ferrer |first1=Mauro |title=Historia del Apostol de Iesus Christo Sanctiago Zebedeo |date=1610 |pages=117, 130 |url=https://books.google.com/books/about/Historia_del_apostol_de_Iesus_Christo_Sa.html?id=0TQdlVnpSeoC}}

File:Rúa da Raíña Lupa en Pico Sacro.jpg|Queen Lupa's path

File:Pico Sacro - Cova - Cueva - Cave - 01.jpg|Pico Sacro cave

File:Capela de San Sebastián do Pico Sacro.jpg|Church of San Sebastián do Pico Sacro

• {{cite book |publisher=Yale Alumni Academy|title= Camino de Santiago |url=https://alumniacademy.yale.edu/camino-de-santiago#Compostela|page=[https://alumniacademy.yale.edu/sites/default/files/2020-07/The%20Golden%20Legend%20of%20St.%20James.pdf The Golden Legend of Saint James ]|access-date=2023-07-20}}
• {{cite journal| title = Myths, legends and beliefs on granite caves| journal = Cuadernos do Laboratorio Xeolóxico de Laxe| last = Costas Goberna| first= J. Bernardino| last2 = Otero Dacosta| first2= Tereixa| last3 = LÓpez Mosquera| first3= J.M.|url= https://ruc.udc.es/dspace/bitstream/handle/2183/8338/C%2033%20art%2002.pdf|publisher = Universidade da Coruña|date=January 2008|issn=0213 - 4497}}

• Libredon
• Ulla (river)

{{reflist|group=n.}}

{{reflist}}

• {{cite book |title=As Montañas De Galiza |language=gl |publisher=A Nosa Terra |date=2006 |isbn=978-8483411261}}
• {{cite book |last=Risco |first=Vicente |author-link=Vicente Risco |title=Etnogrfia: Cultura espritual |publisher=Akal |series=Historia de Galiza |volume=I |date=1962 |pages=255–777 |location=Buenos Aires |editor=Ramon Otero Pedrayo}}

Category:Galician Massif

Category:Mountains of Galicia (Spain)