Piero Soderini
{{Short description|Head of state of Florence from 1498 to 1512}}
{{more citations needed|date=September 2017}}
{{Infobox noble
| name =Pier Soderini
| image =Piero Soderini (1450-1522), by Ridolfo del Ghirlandaio.jpg
| caption =Piero Soderini by Ridolfo del Ghirlandaio
|succession = Head of state of Florence
|reign = {{nowrap|May 1498 – 31 August 1512}}
|predecessor = Girolamo Savonarola
|successor = Giovanni di Lorenzo de' Medici
| birth_date ={{birth date|df=y|1451|3|17}}
| birth_place =Florence, Republic of Florence
| death_date ={{death date and age|df=y|1522|6|13|1451|3|17}}
| death_place =Rome, Papal States
| father =Tommaso di Lorenzo Soderini
| mother =Dianora Tornabuoni
}}
Piero di Tommaso Soderini (March 17, 1451 – June 13, 1522[http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/piero-soderini_%28Dizionario-Biografico%29/ Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani]), also known as Pier Soderini, was an Italian statesman of the Republic of Florence.
Biography
Soderini was born in Florence to Tommaso di Lorenzo Soderini, a member of an old family who had become famous in medicine, and his second wife Dianora Tornabuoni, also of a prestigious Florentine family and in-law of Piero di Cosimo de' Medici. Soderini's brother was the statesman and supporter of Girolamo Savonarola, Paolo Antonio Soderini. Their third brother was Cardinal Francesco Soderini, bishop of Volterra. In 1481 he was Prior of the city, and later became a favourite of Piero di Lorenzo de' Medici, receiving from him, in 1493, the honour of being the Ambassador to the Kingdom of France. He was elected gonfaloniere for life in 1502 by the Florentines, who wished to give greater stability to their republican institutions, which had been restored after the expulsion of Piero de' Medici and the execution of Savonarola.
Soderini's rule proved moderate and wise, although he did not possess the qualities of a great statesman. He introduced a system of national militia in the place of foreign mercenaries. During his government the long war with Pisa was brought to a close with the capture of that city by the Florentines in 1509. Niccolò Machiavelli, author of The Prince and Discourses on Livy, served under him as second chancellor and as ambassador to Cesare Borgia, Rome and France. Although Machiavelli initially had much respect for Soderini, his attitude was changed by the events that led to Soderini's fall.
Grateful to France, which had assisted him, Soderini always took the French side in Italian politics. But in 1512 the Medici returned to Florence with the help of a Spanish army, deposed Soderini, and drove him into exile. He took refuge at Orašac (near Dubrovnik) in Dalmatia,Margaretić, Marija, Zbornik Dubrovačkog primorja i otoka,
Kulturno – prosvjetno društvo Primorac, Dubrovnik, 2006, ISSN 0353-5428, p 221 where he remained until the election of Pope Leo X, who summoned him to Rome and conferred many favours on him. Soderini lived in Rome for the rest of his life and worked for the good of Florence, to which he was never allowed to return.
He died in Rome in 1522 and was buried in the church of S. Maria del Popolo.[http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/piero-soderini_%28Dizionario-Biografico%29/ Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani]
References
{{reflist}}
Bibliography
- {{cite book|last=Creighton|first=Mandell|title=A History of the Papacy During the Period of the Reformation|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0sYsAAAAYAAJ|volume=IV: The Italian princes. 1464–1518|year=1887|publisher=Longmans, Green|location=London|pages=31, 91, 138–140, 156–160}}
- {{cite book|last=Gelčić|first=Josip |title=Piero Soderini profugo a Ragusa: memorie e documenti|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3Kek9BKsPQMC|year=1894|publisher=Carlo Pretner|location=Ragusa|language=Italian}}
- {{cite book|last= Guicciardini|first=Francesco|title=Storia fiorentina dai tempi di Cosimo de'Medici a quelli del Gonfaloniere Soderini|url=https://archive.org/details/opereineditedif07guicgoog|page= [https://archive.org/details/opereineditedif07guicgoog/page/n427 403]|series=Opere inedite di F. G., Volume terzo|year=1859|publisher=Barbèra, Bianchi e comp.|location=Firenze|chapter=Chapters 26–33}}
- {{cite book|last=Landucci|first=Luca|editor=Jodoco Del Badia|title=Diario fiorentino dal 1450 al 1516|url=https://archive.org/details/diariofiorentin00badigoog|year=1883|publisher=G. C. Sansoni|language=Italian|pages=[https://archive.org/details/diariofiorentin00badigoog/page/n243 222]–335}}
- {{cite book|last=Razzi|first=Silvano|title=Vita di Piero Soderini gonfaloniere perpetuo della repubblica fiorentina|url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_LyV99v-vUu4C|year=1737|publisher=Stamperia del Seminario|location=Padova|language=Italian}}
- {{cite book|last=Schevill|first=Ferdinand|title=Medieval and Renaissance Florence|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IB8mAQAAMAAJ|volume=II|year=1963|publisher=Harper & Row|location=New York|pages=461–470}}
- {{cite web |last1=Zaccaria |first1=Raffaella |title=Soderini, Piero |url=http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/piero-soderini_%28Dizionario-Biografico%29/ |website=Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani |publisher=Treccani |accessdate=22 November 2019}}
=Acknowledgment=
- {{1911|wstitle=Soderini, Piero}} This work in turn cites:
- Silvano Razzi, Vita di Pier Soderini (Padua, 1737)
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Soderini, Piero}}
Category:Heads of state of Florence
Category:Ambassadors of the Republic of Florence
Category:15th-century people from the Republic of Florence
Category:16th-century people from the Republic of Florence