Pilocarpus

{{Short description|Genus of flowering plants}}

{{Automatic taxobox

| image = Pilocarpus_pennatifolius_-_Köhler–s_Medizinal-Pflanzen-238.jpg

| image_caption = Paraguay Jaborandi (Pilocarpus pennatifolius)

| taxon = Pilocarpus

| authority = Vahl

| subdivision_ranks = Species

| subdivision = See text.

}}

Pilocarpus is a genus of about 13 species of plants belonging to the family Rutaceae, native to the Neotropics of South America. Various species are important pharmacologically as a source of the parasympathomimetic alkaloid pilocarpine.{{cite journal|title=Production of Pilocarpine in Callus of Jaborandi (Pilocarpus microphyllus Stapf)|jstor=4293939|first1=Ilka Nacif|last1=De Abreu|first2=Alexandra Cristine H. F.|last2=Sawaya|first3=Marcos Nogueira|last3=Eberlin|first4=Paulo|last4=Mazzafera|journal=In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant|volume=41|issue=6|date=November–December 2005|pages=806–811|publisher=Society for In Vitro Biology|doi=10.1079/IVP2005711|s2cid=26058596}} Many of the species have the common name jaborandi.