Pine warbler

{{Short description|Species of bird}}

{{Speciesbox

| name = Pine warbler

| image = Pine warbler (90070).jpg

| image_caption = Adult male

| status = LC

| status_system = IUCN3.1

| status_ref = {{cite iucn |author=BirdLife International. |year=2021 |title=Setophaga pinus |volume=2021 |page=e.T22721719A137255800 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T22721719A137255800.en |access-date=11 November 2021}}

| genus = Setophaga

| species = pinus

| authority = (Linnaeus, 1766)

| range_map = Dendroica_pinus_map.svg

| range_map_caption = Range of S. pinus (note: missing range on Hispaniola) {{leftlegend|#FFFF00|Breeding range|outline=gray}}{{leftlegend|#008000|Year-round range|outline=gray}}{{leftlegend|#0000FF|Wintering range|outline=gray}}

| synonyms = *Certhia pinus {{small|Linnaeus, 1766}}

  • Dendroica pinus {{small|(Linnaeus, 1766)}}
  • Dendroica vigorsii {{small|(Audubon, 1831)}}
  • Sylvia pinus {{small|(Linnaeus, 1766)}}
  • Sylvia vigorsii {{small|Audubon, 1831}}

}}

The pine warbler (Setophaga pinus) is a small songbird of the New World warbler family.

Description

These birds have white bellies, two white wing bars, dark legs and thin, relatively long pointed bills; they have yellowish 'spectacles' around their eyes. Adult males have olive upperparts and bright yellow throats and breasts; females and immatures display upperparts which are olive-brown. Their throats and breasts are paler. The adult male pine warbler looks somewhat similar to the yellow-throated vireo which may cause some identification problems.

class="wikitable" style="font-size: 87%;"
colspan="2" | Standard Measurements
style="padding-right: 1em;padding-left:0.35em;" | Total Body Lengthstyle="padding-right: 0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;" | {{convert|5
5.75|in|mm|abbr=on}}
style="padding-right: 1em;padding-left:0.35em;" | Weightstyle="padding-right: 0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;" | {{convert|12|g|oz|abbr=on}}
style="padding-right: 1em;padding-left:0.35em;" | Wingspanstyle="padding-right: 0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;" | {{convert|8.75|in|mm|abbr=on}}
style="padding-right: 1em;padding-left:0.35em;" | Wingstyle="padding-right: 0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;" | {{convert|68.9
72.8|mm|in|abbr=on}}
style="padding-right: 1em;padding-left:0.35em;" | Tailstyle="padding-right: 0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;" | {{convert|52.9
56|mm|in|abbr=on}}
style="padding-right: 1em;padding-left:0.35em;" | Culmenstyle="padding-right: 0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;" | {{convert|9.9
11.6|mm|in|abbr=on}}
style="padding-right: 1em;padding-left:0.35em;" | Tarsusstyle="padding-right: 0.5em;padding-left:0.5em;" | {{convert|17.2
18.7|mm|in|abbr=on}}

The song of this bird is a musical trill. Their calls are slurred chips.

Distribution and habitat

File:Pine Warbler - female.jpg

Their breeding habitats are open pine woods in eastern North America. These birds are permanent residents in southern Florida. Some of them, however, migrate to northeastern Mexico and islands in Bermuda and the Caribbean. The first record for South America was a vagrant wintering female seen at Vista Nieve, Colombia, on 20 November 2002; this bird was foraging as part of a mixed-species feeding flock that also included wintering Blackburnian and Tennessee warblers.

Behavior

They forage slowly on tree trunks and branches by poking their bill into pine cones. These birds also find food by searching for it on the ground. These birds mainly eat insects, seeds and berries.

Their nests are deep, open cups, which are placed near the end of a tree branch. Pine warblers prefer to nest in pine trees, hence their names. Three to five blotched white eggs are laid.

References

{{Reflist|refs=

{{cite book |last=Godfrey |first=W. Earl |date=1966 |title=The Birds of Canada |location=Ottawa |publisher=National Museum of Canada |page=338}}

{{cite book |last=Sibley |first=David Allen |author-link=David Allen Sibley |date=2000 |title=The Sibley Guide to Birds |location=New York |publisher=Knopf |page=[https://archive.org/details/sibleyguidetobir00sibl_0/page/442 442] |isbn=0-679-45122-6 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/sibleyguidetobir00sibl_0/page/442 }}

{{cite journal |last1=Strewe |first1=Ralf |last2=Navarro |first2=Cristobal |year=2004 |title=New and noteworthy records of birds from the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta region, north-eastern Colombia |journal=Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club |volume=124 |issue=1 |pages=38–51 |url=http://www.alpec.org/Articulo%20BBOC/Strewe%20&%20Navarro%202004%20BBOC%20124%20(1).pdf |access-date=2020-03-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051231225615/http://www.alpec.org/Articulo%20BBOC/Strewe%20%26%20Navarro%202004%20BBOC%20124%20%281%29.pdf |archive-date=2005-12-31 |url-status=dead }}

}}