Pinnipedimorpha

{{Automatic taxobox

| name = Pinnipedimorphs

| fossil_range = Oligocene–Holocene, {{fossilrange|24|0}}

| image = Enaliarctos emlongi Enaliarctos cropped.png

| image_upright = 1.2

| image_caption = Artist reconstruction of Enaliarctos emlongi

| taxon = Pinnipedimorpha

| authority = Berta et al., 1989

| subdivision_ranks = Subtaxa

| subdivision =

†Enaliarctidae Mitchell & Tedford, 1973
Pinnipediformes Berta, 1994
†Pinnarctidion Barnes, 1979
†Pacificotaria Barnes, 1992
†Pteronarctos Barnes, 1989
Pinnipedia Illiger, 1811

}}

Pinnipedimorpha is a clade of arctoid carnivorans that is defined to include the last common ancestor of Phoca and Enaliarctos, and all descendants of that ancestor.{{cite journal | author = Berta, A. | author2 = Churchill, M. | author3 = Boessenecker, R.W. | name-list-style = amp | year = 2018 | title = The Origin and Evolutionary Biology of Pinnipeds: Seals, Sea Lions, and Walruses | journal = Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences | volume = 46 | pages = 203–228 | doi = 10.1146/annurev-earth-082517-010009| bibcode = 2018AREPS..46..203B | doi-access = free }} Scientists still debate on which lineage of arctoid carnivorans are the closest relatives to the pinnipedimorphs, being more closely related to musteloids.{{cite journal |author1=Lento, G. M. |author2=Hickson, R. E. |author3=Chambers, G. K. |author4=Penny, D. |year=1995 |title=Use of spectral analysis to test hypotheses on the origin of pinnipeds |journal=Molecular Biology and Evolution |volume=12 |issue=1 |pages=28–52 |pmid=7877495 |doi=10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a040189|doi-access=free }}{{cite journal|author1=Hunt, R. M. Jr. |author2=Barnes, L. G. |year=1994|title=Basicranial evidence for ursid affinity of the oldest pinnipeds|journal=Proceedings of the San Diego Society of Natural History|volume=29|pages=57–67|url=https://archive.org/details/cbarchive_36692_basicranialevidenceforursidaff1990|format=PDF}}{{Cite journal |author1=Higdon, J. W. |author2=Bininda-Emonds, O. R. |author3=Beck, R. M. |author4=Ferguson, S. H. |title=Phylogeny and divergence of the pinnipeds (Carnivora: Mammalia) assessed using a multigene dataset |doi=10.1186/1471-2148-7-216 |journal=BMC Evolutionary Biology |volume=7 |page=216 |year=2007 |pmid=17996107 |pmc=2245807 |doi-access=free }}{{Cite journal

|author1=Sato, J. J. |author2=Wolsan, M. |author3=Suzuki, H. |author4=Hosoda, T. |author5=Yamaguchi, Y. |author6=Hiyama, K. |author7=Kobayashi, M. |author8=Minami, S. |doi=10.2108/zsj.23.125 |title=Evidence from nuclear DNA sequences sheds light on the phylogenetic relationships of Pinnipedia: Single origin with affinity to Musteloidea |journal=Zoological Science |volume=23 |issue=2 |pages=125–46 |year=2006 |pmid=16603806|hdl=2115/13508 |s2cid=25795496 |hdl-access=free }}{{Cite journal |author1=Flynn, J. J. |author2=Finarelli, J. A. |author3=Zehr, S. |author4=Hsu, J. |author5=Nedbal, M. A. |title=Molecular phylogeny of the Carnivora (Mammalia): Assessing the impact of increased sampling on resolving enigmatic relationships |doi=10.1080/10635150590923326 |journal=Systematic Biology |volume=54 |issue=2 |pages=317–37 |year=2005 |pmid=16012099|doi-access=free }}

Below is an overall phylogeny of the taxa covered in the article followed after a composite tree in Berta et al. (2018) and a total-evidence (combined molecular-morphological) dataset in Paterson et al. (2020):{{cite journal |last1= Paterson | first1= R. S. | last2= Rybczynski | first2 = N.| last3= Kohno | first3 = N.| last4= Maddin | first4 = H. C. | year=2020 |title= Pinniped taxonomy: review of currently recognized species and subspecies, and evidence used for their description. |journal= Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution |volume = 7 |issue= 457 |doi=10.3389/fevo.2019.00457| doi-access= free }}

{{clade| style=font-size:100%; line-height:100%; width:50%

|label1=

|1={{clade

|label1=

|1={{clade

|1=†Amphicynodontidae

|2={{clade

|1=†Semantoridae

|2={{clade

|label1=Pinnipedimorpha

|1={{clade

|1=†Enaliarctidae