Pinus oocarpa
{{Short description|Species of conifer}}
{{Speciesbox
| image = Pinus oocarpa Perquín.jpg
| status = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = {{Cite journal | author = Farjon, A. | title = Pinus oocarpa | journal = The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species | volume = 2013 | page = e.T42387A2976957 | publisher = IUCN | date = 2013 | url = http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/42387/0 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T42387A2976957.en | access-date = 13 December 2017| doi-access = free }}
| parent = Pinus subsect. Australes
| display_parents = 3
| taxon = Pinus oocarpa
| authority = Schiede ex Schltdl.{{GRIN | access-date = 24 September 2011}}
| range_map = Pinus oocarpa range map 1.png
| range_map_caption = Natural range of Pinus oocarpa
}}
Pinus oocarpa is a species of pine tree native to Mexico and Central America. It is the national tree of Honduras, where it is known as ocote. Common names include ocote chino,{{PLANTS|id=PIOO2|taxon=Pinus oocarpa|accessdate=4 October 2015}} pino amarillo, pino avellano, Mexican yellow pine, egg-cone pine and hazelnut pine. It appears that it was the progenitor (original) species that served as the ancestor for some of the other pines of Mexico.
Habitat and range
This species ranges from latitudes of 14° to 29° north, including western Mexico, Guatemala and the higher elevations of Honduras, El Salvador and northwestern Nicaragua. An average temperature of {{convert|15|to|24|C|F|abbr=on}} and annual rainfall of {{convert|1000|-|1900|mm|in|abbr=on}} are needed for best development. Preferred elevations are {{convert|900|-|2400|m|ft|abbr=on}} above sea level. In El Salvador, Honduras and Nicaragua it grows above {{convert|800|m|ft|abbr=on}}. Pinus oocarpa var. trifoliata grows between {{convert|2000|and|2400|m|ft|abbr=on}} above sea level.
Uses
It is an important source of commercial lumber in Honduras and Central America. Pinus oocarpa was introduced for commercial production of wood for the paper industry: in Ecuador, Kenya, Zambia, Colombia, Bolivia, Queensland (Australia), Brazil and South Africa. Due to the amount of resin within the tree, many Central Americans will use small shavings to start cooking fires.
References
{{Reflist}}
- Eguiluz, T. 1982. Clima y Distribución del género pinus en México. Distrito Federal. Mexico.
- Rzedowski, J. 1983. Vegetación de México. Distrito Federal, Mexico.
- Dvorak, W. S., G. R. Hodge, E. A. Gutiérrez, L. F. Osorio, F. S. Malan and T. K. Stanger. *2000. Conservation and Testing of Tropical and Subtropical Forest Species by the CAMCORE Cooperative. College of Natural Resources, NCSU. Raleigh, NC. USA.
- Martínez, Maximinio. 1978. Catálogo de nombres vulgares y científicos de plantas mexicanas.
External links
{{Commons category}}
{{Wikispecies}}
- [http://www.rngr.net/Publications/ttsm/Folder.2003-07-11.4726/PDF.2004-03-15.5703/file.pdf Pinus oocarpa]
{{Taxonbar|from=Q2744076}}
{{Authority control}}
Category:Plants described in 1838
Category:Trees of Northern America
Category:Flora of the Sierra Madre Occidental
Category:Flora of the Central American pine–oak forests