Pioneer Mountains (Montana)

{{Short description|Mountain range in Montana, United States}}

{{Other uses|Pioneer Mountains (disambiguation){{!}}Pioneer Mountains}}

{{Infobox mountain

| name=Pioneer Mountains

| photo=

| photo_caption=

| country=United States

| state=Montana

| parent=Beaverhead Mountains

| geology= | period=| orogeny= | border=

| length_mi=| length_orientation=

| width_mi= | width_orientation=

| highest=Tweedy Mountain

| elevation_ft=11154

|range_coordinates = {{coord|45|37|N|112|55|W|type:mountain_region:US-MT_scale:300000|format=dms|display=inline,title}}

|coordinates =

| map_image=Pioneer_Mountainz.jpg

| map_caption=

}}

The Pioneer Mountains cover {{convert|2000|sqmi|km2}} in Beaverhead County in southwestern Montana, USA.

The highest peaks in this range include:{{cite peakbagger|rid=14336|title=Pioneer Mountains|accessdate=2008-09-01}}

• Tweedy Mountain ({{convert|11154|ft|m|0|abbr=on|disp=or}})
• Torrey Mountain ({{convert|11147|ft|m|0|abbr=on|disp=or}})
• Baldy Mountain ({{convert|10568|ft|m|0|abbr=on|disp=or}})
• Mount Fleecer ({{convert|9436|ft|m|0|abbr=on|disp=or}})
• Odell Mountain ({{convert|9405|ft|m|0|abbr=on|disp=or}})

The Pioneer Mountains are divided into two subranges by the paved Wise River Road: the East Pioneers and West Pioneers. The highest mountains in the entire range are in the East Pioneers - Tweedy Mountain and nearby Torrey Mountain, these two peaks are the highest on the Beaverhead National Forest.{{cite book |last=Cunningham |first=Bill|title=Wild Montana|year=1995|publisher=Falcon Publishing, Inc.|location=Helena, MT|isbn=1-56044-393-6|pages=166, 169}}

The two subranges are quite different from each other in appearance. The East Pioneers have rugged, heavily glaciated peaks. About {{convert|145000|acre}} of the East Pioneers are roadless, and the range holds more than 30 high lakes, including Grayling Lake, which contains Arctic grayling. Golden trout are present in Sawtooth and Hidden Lakes. Mountain goats inhabit the high crags of the range, while pronghorn utilize the lower elevation grassland foothills.{{cite book|last=Wolke|first=Howie|title=The Big Outside|year=1992|publisher=Harmony Books|location=New York, NY|isbn=0-517-58737-8|pages=[https://archive.org/details/bigoutsidedescri00fore/page/124 124–125]|url=https://archive.org/details/bigoutsidedescri00fore/page/124}} The East Pioneers receive relatively little use from recreationists, and a number of lake basins are trailless.

In marked contrast to the East Pioneers, the West Pioneers are gently rolling, heavily forested mountains. The highest point in the West Pioneers is Stine Mountain, el. 9,497 ft. {{convert|148000|acre}} of the West Pioneers are a Wilderness Study Area. All told, about {{convert|239000|acre}} of the West Pioneers were roadless as of 1992, including the Wilderness Study Area.

Lakes in the West Pioneers contain perhaps the last pure strain population of Arctic grayling south of Canada. Old growth whitebark pine and lodgepole pine is present in the West Pioneers; a stand of lodgepole pine over 500 years old is reputed to be the oldest known anywhere.

Wolke describes the West Pioneers region as an ecological treasure. Wildlife in the West Pioneers includes elk, black bear, moose, pine marten, wolverine, and northern goshawk.

A site on the Beaverhead National Forest just off the Wise River Road, called Crystal Park, is available for the public to dig for quartz crystals.{{cite book|last=Jewell|first=Judy|title=Montana Handbook|year=1992|publisher=Moon Publications, Inc.|location=Chico, CA|isbn=0-918373-76-X|pages=[https://archive.org/details/montanahandbook00mcra/page/242 242]|url=https://archive.org/details/montanahandbook00mcra/page/242}}