Pisces-class deep submergence vehicle

File:PISCES RESCUE - NAVY PHOTO 1973.jpg

{{main|Rescue of Roger Mallinson and Roger Chapman}}

Pisces III was being used to bury cable and repeaters of the CANTAT-2 transatlantic telephone cable on the sea bottom off Ireland in 1973 when a buoyancy tank was inadvertently flooded. It sank to the bottom of the ocean with its two-man crew, Britons Roger Mallinson and Roger Chapman, stranded at a depth of {{convert|1575|ft}} and 72 hours of available life support, which they were able to extend to 76 hours by careful conservation.{{cite journal |last=Pass |first=H. |title=The Sinking and Rescue of Pisces III |journal=The Seventh Undersea Medical Society Workshop – Medical Aspects of Small Submersible Operations 19–20 November 1974 |pages=II-11 |publisher=Undersea Medical Society |url=https://apps.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a018474.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200202155409/https://apps.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a018474.pdf |url-status=live |archive-date=February 2, 2020 |access-date=2 February 2020}}{{cite journal |last1= Scott |first1= David |year= 1974 |title= Way out machines lay new high-traffic cable |journal= Popular Science |volume= 204 |issue= 1 |pages= 82–85|publisher= Times Mirror Magazines |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=1X1hL2LFT0AC&q=rescue+of+Pisces+III+submarine&pg=PA84 |access-date= 4 February 2014}}{{cite encyclopedia |last=Alexiou |first=Arthur E. |encyclopedia=The World Book Year Book 1974 |title=Ocean |year=1974 |publisher=Field Enterprises Educational Corporation |location=Chicago |isbn=0-7166-0474-4 |lccn=62-4818 |page=[https://archive.org/details/1974worldbookyea00fiel/page/426 426] |url=https://archive.org/details/1974worldbookyea00fiel/page/426 }}{{cite book |last=Chapman |first=Roger |title=No Time On Our Side |publisher=W. W. Norton & Company |location=New York |year=1975 |isbn=0-393-03186-1 |lccn=75-19154}}{{cite book |last=Ellis |first=Richard |title=Deep Atlantic: Life, Death, and Exploration in the Abyss |publisher=The Lyons Press |location=New York |year=1998 |pages=77–78 |isbn=1-55821-663-4}} Initial rescue efforts by Pisces III sister submersibles were unsuccessful. Through an international effort of the United States, Canada, and Great Britain, the U.S. Navy Cable-controlled Undersea Recovery Vehicle (CURV-III) was deployed within 24 hours 6,000 miles from its home base. Deployment of CURV-III from CCGS John Cabot was hampered by heavy sea conditions. Rapid repairs were made when CURV-III’s gyroscope failed and electronics shorted-out after sea water came aboard the Cabot. Assisted by the submersibles Pisces II and Pisces V, CURV-III was able to attach lines to the Pisces III hatch. The Cabot raised CURV-III at {{convert|60|to|100|ft}} per minute until their lines entangled. The lines were cut, CURV-III was abandoned, and Pisces III was floated to {{convert|60|ft}} where scuba divers were able to attach lines that were used to lift Pisces III the rest of the way to the surface. CURV-III had performed the deepest underwater rescue in history when Pisces III’s two-man crew was rescued after 76 hours with just 12 minutes{{cite news|last=Barford|first=Vanessa|title=Pisces III: A dramatic underwater rescue|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-23862359|access-date=3 February 2014|newspaper=BBC News Magazine|date=29 August 2013}} of air remaining.{{cite web | title = Against all odds: Deepest underwater rescue| url =http://dynamicitems.tripod.com/records_humanbody_againstallodds.htm|last= | access-date = 2011-09-16| publisher = Tripod}}

Pisces IV and Pisces V are currently operated for research by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, based in Hawaii. Its mother ship, the R/V Ka{{okina}}imikai-o-Kanaloa, launches Pisces V and its sister vessel Pisces IV from an A-frame hoist on its aft deck.{{citation | url= http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/HURL/hurl_pisces_V_specs.html | title= Pisces-family of submersibles | author= Gidi Raanan | url-status= dead | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20101230014229/http://www.soest.hawaii.edu/HURL/hurl_pisces_V_specs.html | archive-date= 2010-12-30 }}

File:The Soviet Union 1990 CPA 6262 stamp (Deep-diving manned submersibles. Pisces).jpg

Pisces IV was built for the Soviet Union in 1971, but due to national security concerns from the United States that sensitive technology might be transferred to the Soviets, the Canadian government refused to issue the export permit and instead purchased it for its Department of Fisheries and Oceans. Both Pisces IV and V are currently operated by the Hawai‘i Underwater Research Laboratory, part of the U.S. National Undersea Research Program. The second Pisces is kept on board in a ready state in case of an emergency.

Pisces VI was purchased out of storage from International Underwater Contractors in 2015. The vessel underwent a complete refit in Salina, Kansas, and Vancouver, Canada, and then was moved to Tenerife, Canary Islands, where it got certified and insured.

It was re-engineered to provide a versatile deep water platform to meet the needs of the underwater research community. Currently, the submarine provides services to the scientific community around the world.https://piscessub.com/

Pisces VII and Pisces XI were built in 1975 and used by the Shirshov Institute of Oceanology of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union for about ten years, until being replaced by the Mir submersibles.[http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=5069&page=96 Deep Submersible Vehicles in Service or Available Worldwide]

[http://www.ocean.ru/content/view/285/41/ Интервью И.Е.Михальцева Новой газете] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100907191140/http://www.ocean.ru/content/view/285/41 |date=2010-09-07 }} (I.E. Mikhaltsev's interview with Novaya Gazeta). Published in Novaya Gazeta, No. (1265) 27-29 Aug 2007 {{in lang|ru}}

Akademik Kurchatov, Dmitri Mendeleev, and Akademik Mstislav Keldysh served as their support ships.[http://www.navy.su/navysub1945/pisces/index.htm Подводный обитаемый аппарат «Пайсис» («Pisces»)] {{in lang|ru}}

File:Музей Мирового океана (Калининград) 29.jpg]]

• Pisces II is currently on display at Deep Marine, a maritime museum highlighting the deep-sea technology legacy of Hyco at Deep Marine, located at the old Versatile Pacific Shipyards site on the waterfront at Esplanade and Lonsdale, in North Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
• Pisces III is on display at Weymouth Sea Life Centre, Dorset, United Kingdom.
• Both Pisces IV and V have undergone recent upgrades and are operated by the Hawai‘i Undersea Research Laboratory (HURL), NOAA’s Undersea Research Center at the University of Hawaiʻi School of Ocean & Earth Science & Technology.
• Pisces VI underwent refit in Salina, Kansas, United States, and is now based in the Canary Islands.
• Of the two Russian-owned submersibles, Pisces VII and XI, VII is on display at the Museum of the World Ocean in Kaliningrad, next to the research vessel Vityaz.{{cite web|url=http://www.shipspotting.com/gallery/photo.php?lid=1365480|title=Pisces VII|website=ShipSpotting|date=3 August 2011|access-date=15 May 2019}} XI is on display at the Baikal Museum in Listvyanka.{{cite web | title = Pisces Submarine Baïkal Museum - Lake Baïkal, Russia| url =https://www.waymarking.com/waymarks/wmPBE0_Pisces_Submarine_Bakal_Museum_Lake_Bakal_Russia |last=| access-date = 2021-03-24| publisher = waymarking.com}}

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• {{cite book |author=Forman, Will |title=The History of American Deep Submersible Operations, 1775–1995|year=1999 |location=Flagstaff, Arizona|publisher=Best Publishing Company|pages=271–275 |isbn=978-0941332729}}
• {{cite book |author=Busby, R. Frank |title=Manned Submersibles |url=https://archive.org/details/mannedsubmersibl00busb/|asin=B0006CRZRI|publisher= Office of the Oceanographer of the Navy [US Navy]|year=1976}}
• {{cite book |editor-last=Jensen |editor-first=Vickie |title=Deep, Dark & Dangerous: The Story of British Columbia's World-Class Undersea Technology Industry |year=2021 |location=Pender Harbour, British Columbia|publisher=Harbour Publishing|isbn=978-1550179200}}
• {{cite book |author=Dinsley, Ken |title=The Pisces Submersibles Saga: Hyco's Improbable Story|year=2021 |location=Victoria, British Columbia|publisher=Amazon.com.ca, Inc.|isbn=978-1-7779648-0-1}}
• {{cite web |url=https://deepdarkanddangerous.ca/doug-taylor-selling-to-the-russians/| title=Dog Taylor & selling to the Russians |work=deepdarkanddangerous.ca |year=2021 |access-date = 6 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220706134250/https://deepdarkanddangerous.ca/doug-taylor-selling-to-the-russians/ |archive-date=2022-07-06}}

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Category:Submarine classes

Category:Submarines of Canada

Category:1970 ships

Category:Ships built in North Vancouver