Pittsburgh Leader

John W. Pittock, a 21-year-old former newsboy, first published the Leader as a Sunday weekly on 11 December 1864.{{cite journal|last=Fuld|first=Melvin|title=Pittock's Civil War Tokens|department=The Token Collector's Page|journal=The Numismatist|volume=83|issue=2|date=February 1970|page=185}}{{cite book|last=Killikelly|first=Sarah Hutchins|title=The History of Pittsburgh: Its Rise and Progress|publisher=B.C. & Gordon Montgomery Company|year=1906|pages=493–494|isbn=9783849673789 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kXmloex-vr8C&pg=PA493}} A daily edition called the Evening Leader appeared on 18 October 1870 under the leadership of Pittock and partners John I. Nevin, Robert P. Nevin, and Edward H. Nevin.{{cite book|last=Durant|first=Samuel W.|year=1876|title=History of Allegheny County, Pennsylvania|publisher=L. H. Everts & Co.|location=Philadelphia|page=129|url=https://historicpittsburgh.org/islandora/object/pitt%3A00aee8639m/viewer#page/151/ }} The paper took an independent political line.

Already in 1873, the Leader was listed in Rowell's American Newspaper Directory as having the largest daily circulation in Pittsburgh. It was also at the time the city's only daily with a Sunday edition, aside from the German-language Volksblatt.{{cite book|title=Rowell's American Newspaper Directory|publisher=Geo. P. Rowell & Co.|location=New York|year=1873|page=194|hdl=2027/uc1.b2927064?urlappend=%3Bseq=196|url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.b2927064?urlappend=%3Bseq=196}}

Following Pittock's death in 1881, members of the Nevin family owned and operated the paper until selling in 1906 to a team led by Alexander Pollock Moore, who became publisher and editor-in-chief. Ex-political boss William Flinn was suspected of being the real purchaser, bringing into question the paper's claimed nonpartisanism.{{cite news |title=Pittsburg Deal Removes Two Big Newspapers |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4g89AQAAIAAJ&pg=RA33-PA16 |newspaper=The Fourth Estate: A Weekly Newspaper for Advertisers and Newspaper Makers |date=17 February 1923 |page=16 |accessdate=9 March 2014}} Muckraker Will Irwin, writing in Collier's magazine, accused Moore of turning the responsible, civic-minded Leader into a scandalmongering "yellow newspaper."{{cite journal |last=Irwin |first=Will |title=The American Newspaper: A Study of Journalism in Its Relation to the Public |journal=Collier's |page=26 |date=22 July 1911 |volume=47 |issue=18 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yd_Mpbu7cDAC&pg=PT529}}

File:Pittsburgh newspaper consolidation timeline.svg

The Leader and the Pittsburgh Dispatch published their last issues on 14 February 1923, being jointly purchased and absorbed by the other Pittsburgh papers: the Post, Sun, Gazette Times, Chronicle Telegraph, and the Press. At the time, advertisers and publishers had long regarded the Pittsburgh newspaper market as overcrowded.{{cite news |title=Pittsburg Deal Removes Two Big Newspapers |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4g89AQAAIAAJ&pg=RA33-PA2 |newspaper=The Fourth Estate: A Weekly Newspaper for Advertisers and Newspaper Makers |date=17 February 1923 |page=2 |accessdate=9 March 2014}} Only four years after the demise of the Leader and Dispatch, mergers further narrowed the field of mainstream Pittsburgh dailies from five to three.

Early in her career, author Willa Cather worked at the Leader as a telegraph editor and drama critic.

Investigative journalist and media critic George Seldes started out as a cub reporter at the Leader in 1909 at age 18. In a late-life memoir, he alleged that the Leader and other papers had allowed businesses to kill unfavorable stories in exchange for advertising payments.{{cite book |last=Seldes |first=George |title=Witness to a Century |year=1987 |publisher=Random House Publishing |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aFXWLQmi0BoC&pg=PR36 |isbn=978-0-307-77542-9}}{{cite news |title=George Seldes Is Dead at 104; An Early, Fervent Press Critic |last1=Dicke |first1=William |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1995/07/03/obituaries/george-seldes-is-dead-at-104-an-early-fervent-press-critic.html |newspaper=The New York Times |date=3 July 1995 |accessdate=26 February 2014}}

Actress Lillian Russell, who was married to publisher Moore, had a beauty advice column called "Lillian Russell's Philosophy."{{cite book|last=Thomas|first=Clarke M.|title=Front-Page Pittsburgh: Two Hundred Years of the Post-Gazette|location=Pittsburgh|publisher=University of Pittsburgh Press|year=2005|isbn=0-8229-4248-8|page=137|url=https://digital.library.pitt.edu/islandora/object/pitt%3A31735062136266/viewer#page/150/}} Russell's death in June 1922 possibly contributed to Moore's decision to discontinue the paper; Moore said in his farewell column eight months later that "since June of last year I have not had the same incentive to continuous effort that previously inspired me."

Arthur G. Burgoyne or cartoonist Fred Johnston, or both, created the character Father Pitt as a personification of the city of Pittsburgh. The character was adopted by numerous editorial cartoonists in other Pittsburgh papers.{{cite book|last=Andrews|first=J. Cutler|title=Pittsburgh's Post-gazette: "The first newspaper west of the Alleghenies"|location=Boston|publisher=Chapman & Grimes|year=1936|page=255|hdl=2027/uc1.$b112741?urlappend=%3Bseq=283|url=http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.$b112741?urlappend=%3Bseq=283}}{{cite book|last=Thomas|first=Clarke M.|title=Front-Page Pittsburgh: Two Hundred Years of the Post-Gazette|location=Pittsburgh|publisher=University of Pittsburgh Press|year=2005|isbn=0-8229-4248-8|at=p. 144 and p. 319 footnote 8|url=https://digital.library.pitt.edu/islandora/object/pitt%3A31735062136266/}}

The Leader spelled its city's name as "Pittsburgh" originally, and "Pittsburg" from 1876 on. It announced the change on New Year's Eve, 1875:{{quote|Pittsburghers, in spite of the next to universal practice outside of their own immediate neighborhood, will persist in spelling the name of their city with a final "h." The {{Smallcaps|Leader}} has thus far acquiesced in the general custom, but the time has come when it must decline to follow up on that line any longer. After next Sunday, therefore, the superfluous letter may not be expected to again appear in our pages.{{cite news|newspaper=The Evening Leader|location=Pittsburgh|date=31 December 1875|page=2|title=Exit 'H'}}}}

Category:Defunct newspapers published in Pittsburgh

Category:Newspapers established in 1864

Category:Publications disestablished in 1923

Category:1864 establishments in Pennsylvania

Category:1923 disestablishments in Pennsylvania