Platanthera ciliaris

{{Short description|Species of orchid}}

{{Italic title}}

{{Speciesbox

| name = Yellow fringed orchid

| image = Platanthera_ciliaris.jpg

| image_caption = Platanthera ciliaris

| status = G5

| status_system = TNC

| status_ref = {{cite NatureServe |id=2.133001 |title=Platanthera ciliaris |access-date=26 March 2025}}

| status2 = CITES_A2

| status2_system = CITES

| status2_ref =

| genus = Platanthera

| species = ciliaris

| authority = (L.) Lindl.

| synonyms = {{Species list

|Orchis ciliaris|L.

|Habenaria ciliaris|(L.) R.Br.

|Blephariglottis flaviflora|Raf.

|Blephariglottis ciliaris|(L.) Rydb.}}

| range_map = Yellow-fringed Orchid Range.png

| range_map_caption = Yellow fringed orchid range

}}

Platanthera ciliaris, commonly known as the yellow fringed orchid, yellow-fringed orchid, or orange-fringed orchid, is a large and showy species of orchid. It grows in "acid soil of hillside seepage bogs" in the longleaf pine landscapes of the Gulf Coast of the United States.Liggio, J. and Liggio, A.O. 1999. Wild Orchids of Texas. University of Texas Press, Austin. 228 p. Like many species in these habitats, including flatwoods, it is dependent upon recurring fire to create open conditions.{{cite book|last=Keddy|first=Paul A.|title=Water, Earth, Fire: Louisiana's Natural Heritage|year=2008|publisher=Xlibris|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-1-4363-6234-4|pages=229}}{{Self-published inline|certain=yes|date=December 2017}} Further north it is found in bogs, but even here it may be dependent upon fire to create open conditions.

M.R. Penskar and S.R. Crispin. 2004. Special plant abstract for Platanthera ciliaris (yellow fringed-orchid). Michigan Natural Features Inventory. Lansing, MI. 3 pp

It is pollinated by large butterflies, mostly swallowtails.

The species is at risk in some areas from loss of habitat and collecting. For example, it is endangered in Michigan. It has been recorded from extreme southern Ontario, but is now thought to be extirpated.Oldham, M.J., and S.R. Brinker. 2009. Rare Vascular Plants of Ontario, Fourth Edition. Natural Heritage Information Centre, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources. Peterborough, Ontario. 188 pp