Plutonium nitride
{{Chembox
| ImageFile = NaCl polyhedra.png
| ImageCaption =
| IUPACName =
| OtherNames = plutonium mononitride, azanylidyneplutonium, plutonium(III) nitride
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo = 12033-54-4
| CASNo_Ref = {{Cascite|correct|CAS}}
| PubChem =
| ChemSpiderID =
| EINECS =
| DTXSID =
| SMILES = [N].[Pu]
| StdInChI = 1S/N.Pu
| StdInChIKey = DPJMGCIEQAVKAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
}}
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties
| Pu=1|N=1
| Appearance = Grey crystalline solid
| Density = 14.2 g/cm3
| Solubility = insoluble
| MeltingPtC = 2589
| BoilingPtC =
}}
| Section4 = {{Chembox Structure
| CrystalStruct =
}}
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards
| MainHazards =
| GHSPictograms =
| GHSSignalWord =
| HPhrases =
| PPhrases =
}}
|Section6={{Chembox Related
| OtherCompounds =
}}
}}
Plutonium nitride is a binary inorganic compound of plutonium and nitrogen with the chemical formula {{chem2|PuN}}.{{cite book |last1=Kotel'nikov |first1=R.B. |last2=Bashlykov |first2=S.N. |last3=Kashtanov |first3=A.I. |last4=Men'shikova |first4=T.S. |title=Plutonium nitride and plutonium nitride base fuel materials |series=Nitrid plutoniya i toplivnye materialy na osnove nitrida plutoniya |url=https://inis.iaea.org/search/searchsinglerecord.aspx?recordsFor=SingleRecord&RN=10436745 |publisher=Atomizdat |access-date=3 February 2024 |date=1978}}{{cite journal |last1=Lai |first1=Chao |last2=Hu |first2=Yin |last3=Qiu |first3=Ruizhi |title=Exploring the sub-stoichiometric behavior of plutonium mononitride |journal=RSC Advances |date=2020 |volume=10 |issue=42 |pages=24877–24881 |doi=10.1039/D0RA00477D |pmid=35517460 |pmc=9055177 |bibcode=2020RSCAd..1024877L |language=en}}
Synthesis
Plutonium nitride can be prepared by the reaction of plutonium hydrides with nitrogen or ammonia at a temperature of 650 °C and a pressure of 0.3 kPa.{{cite book |last1=Ahrland |first1=S. |last2=Bagnall |first2=K. W. |last3=Brown |first3=D. |title=The Chemistry of the Actinides: Comprehensive Inorganic Chemistry |date=7 June 2016 |publisher=Elsevier |isbn=978-1-4831-5934-8 |page=343 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=awRPDAAAQBAJ&dq=plutonium+nitride+PuN&pg=PA343 |access-date=3 February 2024 |language=en}}
Another method to prepare plutonium nitride is from the reduction of plutonium(III) iodide with sodium in liquid ammonia:
::{{chem2|PuI3 + NH3 + 3Na -> PuN + 3NaI}}
Other reactions can also produce plutonium nitride:{{cite book |last1=Thomas |first1=Charles Allen |title=The Chemistry, Purification and Metallurgy of Plutonium |date=1944 |publisher=Office of Technical Information |page=128 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3uDM-mo8b2EC&dq=plutonium+nitride+PuN&pg=PA128 |access-date=3 February 2024 |language=en}}
::{{chem2|Pu + 1/2N2 +3/2H2 -> PuN + 3/2H2}} (at 1000°C)
::{{chem2|PuCl3 + 1/2N2 +3/2H2 -> PuN + 3HCl}} (at 800–900°C)
Physical properties
Plutonium nitride forms grey crystals in the cubic system with Fm3m space group.{{cite web |title=mp-1719: PuN (cubic, Fm-3m, 225) |url=https://legacy.materialsproject.org/materials/mp-1719/ |publisher=Materials Project |access-date=3 February 2024}}{{cite web |title=WebElements Periodic Table » Plutonium » plutonium nitride |url=https://winter.group.shef.ac.uk/webelements/compounds/plutonium/plutonium_nitride.html |publisher=winter.group.shef.ac.uk |access-date=3 February 2024}} It can be dissolved electrochemically.{{cite journal |last1=Shirai |first1=O |last2=Iwai |first2=T |last3=Shiozawa |first3=K |last4=Suzuki |first4=Y |last5=Sakamura |first5=Y |last6=Inoue |first6=T |title=Electrolysis of plutonium nitride in LiCl–KCl eutectic melts |journal=Journal of Nuclear Materials |date=1 February 2000 |volume=277 |issue=2 |pages=226–230 |doi=10.1016/S0022-3115(99)00194-4 |bibcode=2000JNuM..277..226S |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0022311599001944 |access-date=3 February 2024 |issn=0022-3115|url-access=subscription }}
Uses
Plutonium nitride can be used as fuel in nuclear reactors.{{cite journal |last1=Li |first1=Ru-song |last2=Tong |first2=Ning-hua |last3=Wang |first3=Jin-tao |last4=Xin |first4=Du-qiang |last5=Huang |first5=Shi-qi |title=A first principle calculation on electronic properties of plutonium mononitride: Insights from dynamical mean field theory |journal=Journal of Nuclear Materials |date=1 December 2018 |volume=511 |pages=277–283 |doi=10.1016/j.jnucmat.2018.09.023 |bibcode=2018JNuM..511..277L |s2cid=105939793 |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0022311517315441 |access-date=3 February 2024 |issn=0022-3115|url-access=subscription }}{{cite book |last1=Hettwer |first1=Ursula |title=Np, Pu... Transuranium Elements: INDEX. Alphabetical Index of Subjects and Substances |date=29 June 2013 |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |isbn=978-3-662-05674-5 |page=203 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Lr7_CAAAQBAJ&dq=plutonium+nitride+PuN&pg=PA203 |access-date=3 February 2024 |language=en}}
References
{{reflist}}
{{Plutonium compounds}}
{{Nitrides}}