Poa trivialis
{{short description|Species of grass}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}}
{{Use British English|date=September 2010}}
{{Speciesbox
|image = Poa trivialis Ruwbeembgras bloeiwijze.jpg
|genus = Poa
|species = trivialis
|authority = L.
}}
Poa trivialis (rough bluegrass; UK: rough-stalked meadow-grassClause 5.3.2.2.3 BS 7370-5 or rough meadow-grass{{BSBI 2007 |accessdate=17 October 2014 }}), is a perennial plant regarded in the US as an ornamental plant. It is part of the grass family.
Description
It is very common in meadows and pastures throughout Britain. Its preferred habitat is moist, sheltered places. Its herbage is plentiful and fairly nutritious, though not as much as Poa annua or Poa pratensis. It is useful for grazing on heavy and damp soil. It also copes well with the polluted atmosphere of towns and cities. It is in flower from June onwards throughout the summer.
It is often considered a weed of golf courses. It is an invasive species in the Great Lakes region and was first sighted in 1843.{{Cite web |title= List of invasive species in the Great Lakes Great Lakes United / Union Saint-Laurent Grands Lacs |url= http://www.glu.org/en/node/199 |accessdate= 7 February 2009 |url-status= dead |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20090429205753/http://www.glu.org/en/node/199 |archivedate= 29 April 2009 |df= dmy-all }}
It has short stolons. The leaves are broad and tapering, and the sheathes are very rough. It has shiny leaves like Lolium perenne and crested dog's-tail.[http://www.bsbi.org.uk/identification.html BSBI Description] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717004923/http://www.bsbi.org.uk/identification.html |date=17 July 2011 }} retrieved 10 December 2010.
They have pointed ligules 4–10 mm (3/16 – 3/8 in.) long. Compare to annual meadow grass Poa annua which is silvery and pointed, and common meadow grass Poa pratensis which is short and blunt.
The roughish, slender stem grows 30 to 60 cm (1 to 2 ft.) high. Compare with smooth meadow grass Poa annua which has a smooth stem. The panicle is green and 15 cm (6 in.) long. The spikelets are egg-shaped.
It has a loose, whorled green panicle, much branched, 15 cm (6 in.) long.
It is also called Orcheston grass, after a village on Salisbury Plain.Martin John Sutton, Permanent and Temporary Pastures (1929), p. 60
Wildlife value
The food plant of the caterpillars of small heath (Coenonympha pamphilus), meadow brown (Maniola jurtina), gatekeeper (Pyronia tithonus) butterflies; common sun beetle (Amara aenea) – adults feed on the developing seeds, Eupelix cuspidata of the leafhopper family, and Myrmus miriformis a grassbug – feeds on young blades and developing seeds.
It is parasitised by grass mildew Blumeria graminis, which causes a white, powdery mildew on it.
Photos
File:Ruwbeemdgras Poa trivialis ligula.jpg|Pointed ligules 4–10 mm (0.2–0.4 in.) long
File:Poa.trivialis.jpg|Loose, whorled green panicle, much branched, 15 cm (6 in.) long
References
{{Reflist}}
- {{Cite book| author=Pink, A. | url=https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/11892|title=Gardening for the Million| year=2004 | publisher=Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation}}
- The Observers Book of Grasses, Sedges and Rushes. Frances Rose. pp. 44–45
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20090223215305/http://www.plantpress.com/wildlife/o1084-roughmeadowgrass.php Natural England description on website]
- Grasses, Ferns, Mosses and Lichens of Great Britain and Ireland. Phillips, Roger. 1980. p. 65.
External links
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20060831010240/http://www.agry.purdue.edu/turf/pubs/agry9802.htm Poa trivialis website]
- [http://www.kew.org/data/grasses-db/ Kew gardens grass database]
- [https://nas.er.usgs.gov/queries/GreatLakes/SpeciesInfo.asp?NoCache=6%2F11%2F2010+12%3A45%3A17+PM&SpeciesID=2670&State=&HUCNumber=DGreatLakes/ GLANSIS Species FactSheet]
{{Taxonbar|from=Q159118}}
Category:Plants described in 1753