Podalyrieae

The Podalyrieae arose 30.5 ± 2.6 million years ago (in the Oligocene) in the fynbos (Cape Floristic Region) of South Africa and is still mostly found there.{{cite journal |author1=Boatwright JS |author2=Savolainen V |author3=Van Wyk B-E |author4=Schutte-Vlok AL |author5=Forest F |author6=Van der Bank M | year = 2008 | title = Systematic position of the anomalous genus Cadia and the phylogeny of the tribe Podalyrieae (Fabaceae) | journal = Syst Bot | volume = 33 | issue = 1 | pages = 133–147 | doi = 10.1600/036364408783887500 }}{{cite journal | author = Linder HP | year = 2003 | title = The radiation of the Cape flora, southern Africa | journal = Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc | volume = 78 | issue = 4 | pages = 597–638 | pmid = 14700393 | doi = 10.1017/S1464793103006171 }} All members of the tribe exhibit either nonsprouting or sprouting fire survival strategies.{{cite journal |vauthors=Schutte AL, Vlok JH, Van Wyk BE | year = 1995 | title = Fire-survival strategy—a character of taxonomic, ecological and evolutionary importance in fynbos legumes | journal = Pl Syst Evol | volume = 195 | issue = 3–4 | pages = 243–259 | doi = 10.1007/BF00989299 | bibcode = 1995PSyEv.195..243S }} Many species are pollinated by insects, especially carpenter bees, while others are pollinated by sunbirds or rodents.

The members of this tribe consistently form a monophyletic clade in molecular phylogenetic analyses.{{cite journal |vauthors=Cardoso D, de Queiroz LP, Pennington RT, de Lima HC, Fonty É, Wojciechowski MF, Lavin M | year = 2012 | title = Revisiting the phylogeny of papilionoid legumes: new insights from comprehensively sampled early-branching lineages | journal = Am J Bot | volume = 99 | issue = 12 | pages = 1991–2013 | doi = 10.3732/ajb.1200380 | pmid=23221500}}{{cite journal |vauthors=Käss E, Wink M | year = 1996 | title = Molecular evolution of the Leguminosae: Phylogeny of the three subfamilies based on rbcL-sequences | journal = Biochem Syst Ecol | volume = 24 | issue = 5 | pages = 365–378 | doi = 10.1016/0305-1978(96)00032-4 | bibcode = 1996BioSE..24..365K }}{{cite journal |vauthors=Käss E, Wink M | year = 1997 | title = Phylogenetic Relationships in the Papilionoideae (Family Leguminosae) Based on Nucleotide Sequences of cpDNA (rbcL) and ncDNA (ITS 1 and 2) | journal = Mol Phylogenet Evol | volume = 8 | issue = 1 | pages = 65–88 | doi = 10.1006/mpev.1997.0410 | pmid = 9242596 | bibcode = 1997MolPE...8...65K }}{{cite journal |vauthors=Doyle JJ, Doyle JL, Ballenger JA, Dickson EE, Kajita T, Ohashi H | year = 1997 | title = A phylogeny of the chloroplast gene rbcL in the Leguminosae: taxonomic correlations and insights into the evolution of nodulation | journal = Am J Bot | volume = 84 | issue = 4 | pages = 541–554 | pmid = 21708606 | doi=10.2307/2446030| jstor = 2446030 | doi-access = free }}{{cite journal |vauthors=Wink M, Mohamed GI | year = 2003 | title = Evolution of chemical defense traits in the Leguminosae: mapping of distribution patterns of secondary metabolites on a molecular phylogeny inferred from nucleotide sequences of the rbcL gene | journal = Biochem Syst Ecol | volume = 31 | issue = 8 | pages = 897–917 | doi = 10.1016/S0305-1978(03)00085-1 | bibcode = 2003BioSE..31..897W }}{{cite book | vauthors = Crisp MD, Gilmore S, Van Wyk BE | year = 2000 | chapter = Molecular phylogeny of the genistoid tribes of papilionoid legumes | veditors = Herendeen PS, Bruneau A | title = Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 9 | chapter-url = http://www.kewbooks.com/asps/ShowDetails.asp?id=52 | publisher = Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew | pages = 249–276 | isbn = 978-1842460177 | access-date = 2014-02-25 | archive-date = 2014-01-16 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140116180637/http://www.kewbooks.com/asps/ShowDetails.asp?id=52 | url-status = dead }}{{cite journal | author = LPWG [Legume Phylogeny Working Group] | year = 2013 | title = Legume phylogeny and classification in the 21st century: progress, prospects and lessons for other species-rich clades | journal = Taxon | volume = 62 | issue = 2 | pages = 217–248 | doi=10.12705/622.8| hdl = 10566/3455 | url = https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/78167/1/Taxon_2013_217-248.pdf }} The tribe does not currently have a node-based definition, but several morphological synapomorphies have been identified:

"imparipinnately compound leaves, axillary racemose inflorescences, carboxylic acid esters of quinolizidine alkaloids, and the isoflavone 3′-hydroxydaidzein as a major seed flavonoid"{{cite journal | author = Van Wyk B-E. | year = 2003 | title = The value of chemosystematics in clarifying relationships in the Genistoid tribes of papilionoid legumes | journal = Biochem Syst Ecol | volume = 31 | issue = 8 | pages = 875–884 | doi = 10.1016/S0305-1978(03)00083-8 | bibcode = 2003BioSE..31..875V }} as well as "strongly reduced or absent bracteoles and the occurrence of persistent antipodals in the female gametophyte."

• Amphithalea Eckl. & Zeyh.

• Xiphotheca Eckl. & Zeyh.

• Calpurnia E. Mey.
• Liparia L.
• Podalyria Willd.

• Stirtonanthus B.-E. van Wyk & A. L. Schutte

• Virgilia Poir.

• Cadia Forssk.
• Cyclopia Vent.{{cite journal |vauthors=van der Bank M, Chase MW, van Wyk BE, Fay MF, van der Bank FH, Reeves G, Hulme A | year = 2002 | title = Systematics of the tribe Podalyrieae (Fabaceae) based on DNA, morphological and chemical data | journal = Bot J Linn Soc | volume = 139 | issue = 2 | pages = 159–170 | doi = 10.1046/j.1095-8339.2002.00051.x | doi-access = free }}

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Category:Fabaceae tribes