Politics of Aberdeen
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2017}}
{{Use British English|date=May 2017}}
The Politics of Aberdeen, Scotland have changed significantly in recent years. In 1996, under the Local Government etc. (Scotland) Act 1994, Grampian Regional Council and Aberdeen District Council were dissolved, creating the new unitary Aberdeen City Council to represent the city's council area.
Aberdeen City Council
{{see also|Category:Aberdeen City Council elections}}
Aberdeen City Council represents the Aberdeen City council area of Scotland. Aberdeen City Council currently comprises forty-five councillors, who represent the city's thirteen multi-member wards, and is chaired by the Lord Provost.
The council area was created in 1996 under the Local Government etc. (Scotland) Act 1994. However, a sense of Aberdeen as a city, with its own city council, can be traced back to 1900, when the city of county of Aberdeen was created. In 1975, under the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973, the county of Glasgow was combined with Bucksburn, Dyce, Newhills, Old Machar, Peterculter and the Stoneywood areas of the county of Aberdeen and, the Nigg area of the county of Kincardine, (including Cove Bay) to form the Aberdeen district of the Grampian region.
On 9 May,5, by resolution under sectSon 23 of the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973, The City of Aberdeen Council changed the name of the local government area of "City of Aberdeen" to "Aberdeen City", w," ch remains the existing unitary council area.
Prior to the 2003 election, the council had been considered a Labour stronghold.{{cite news|first=Scott|last=David|url=http://thescotsman.scotsman.com/index.cfm?id=1443312002|title=Labour is set to lose council strongholds in elections|work=The Scotsman|date=2002-12-30|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060109233442/http://thescotsman.scotsman.com/index.cfm?id=1443312002|archive-date=9 January 2006|df=dmy-all}} Between 2003 and 2007, the council was under the control of a Liberal Democrat and Conservative coalition, holding 23 of the 43 seats on the council. Following the May 2007 election, contested for the first time using a system of proportional representation, the Liberal Democrats and the Scottish National Party (SNP) formed a coalition to run the council, holding 27 of the 43 seats (following an SNP by-election gain from the Conservatives on 16 August 2007,);the Liberal Democrat/SNP coalition held 28 of the 43 seats). At the May 2012 election, Labour entered into a coalition with the Conservatives and the independents to run the council, with 23 out of the 43 seats.
=Composition (2003–2007)=
{{See also|2003 Aberdeen City Council election}}
The city council's original composition from 1995 used 43 wards while using the standard first-past-the-post voting system. The final group of representative councillors and their political parties using this system were:
| class="wikitable"
!width="5"| !width="140"|Party !width="180"|Ward !width="180"|Councillor |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}"|
|Liberal Democrat |(34) Ashley |Martin Greig |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Scottish National Party}}"|
|Scottish National Party |(9) Auchmill |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}"|
| Labour |(2) Bankhead/Stoneywood |Brian Rattary |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}"|
|Liberal Democrat |(21) Berryden |John Stewart |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}"|
|Liberal Democrat |(6) Bridge of Don |Millie McLeod |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}"|
|Liberal Democrat |(35) Broomhill |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}"|
|Labour |(28) Castlehill |Jim Hunter |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}"|
|Liberal Democrat |(32) Cults |Aileen Malone |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}"|
|Labour |(10) Cummings Park |Gordon Graham |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}"|
|Liberal Democrat |(3) Danestone |Raymond Hutcheon |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Scottish National Party}}"|
|Scottish National Party |(7) Donmouth |Muriel Jaffrey |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}"|
|Liberal Democrat |(38) Duthie |Irene Cormack |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}"|
|Liberal Democrat |(1) Dyce |Ron Clark |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}"|
|Liberal Democrat |(36) Garthdee |Scott Cassie |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}"|
|Liberal Democrat |(26) Gilcomston |Alison Smith |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}"|
|Liberal Democrat |(29) Hazlehead |Karen Freel |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}"|
|Labour |(15) Hilton |George Adam |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}"|
|Liberal Democrat |(37) Holburn |David Falconer |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}"|
|Liberal Democrat |(4) Jesmond |Gordon Leslie |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}"|
|Labour |(42) Kincorth East |George Urquhart |
| bgcolor="white"|
|Independent |(41) Kincorth West |David Clyne |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}"|
|Liberal Democrat |(19) Kittybrewster |Neil Fletcher |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}"|
|Liberal Democrat |(27) Langstane |Steve Delaney |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}"|
|Liberal Democrat |(43) Loirston |Katherine Dean |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}"|
|Conservative |(33) Mannofield |Jill Wisely |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}"|
|Labour |(12) Mastrick |Ramsey Milne |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}"|
|Conservative |(24) Midstocket |John Porter |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}"|
|Liberal Democrat |(31) Murtle |Matthew Duncan |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}"|
|Liberal Democrat |(8) Newhills |Peter Stephen |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}"|
|Liberal Democrat |(5) Oldmachar |John Reynolds |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}"|
|Liberal Democrat |(30) Peterculter |Pamela MacDonald |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}"|
|Labour |(23) Pittodrie |Ronald Webster |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}"|
|Conservative |(25) Queens Cross |Brenda Craig |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}"|
|Labour |(18) Seaton |Norman Collie |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}"|
|Labour |(13) Sheddocksley |James Lamond |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Scottish National Party}}"|
|Scottish National Party |(11) Springhill |Karen Shirron |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}"|
|Labour |(17) St. Machar |Sandra Macdonald |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}"|
|Labour |(20) Stockethill |June Lamond |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}"|
|Labour |(14) Summerhill |Len Ironside |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Scottish National Party}}"|
|Scottish National Party |(22) Sunnybank |Andrew May |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}"|
|Labour |(39) Torry |Yvonne Allan |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Scottish National Party}}"|
|Scottish National Party |(40) Tullos |Jim Kiddie |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Scottish National Party}}"|
|Scottish National Party |(16) Woodside/Tillydrone |Alan Gowers |
| colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:90%;"|Source: [https://web.archive.org/web/20070210230442/http://www.aberdeencity.gov.uk/acci/web/site/xac_Councillor.asp?s=2 Aberdeen City Council] |
New wards from May 2007
Before May 2007, councillors represented 43 single-member wards, but since then, all seats have been contested by the first-past-the-post electoral system. On May 5, 2007, it was the first election to use the single transferable vote system of election and multi-member wards, each ward electing three or four councillors. The Local Government Boundary Commission for Scotland completed its final recommendations for new wards for all the council areas of Scotland and for Aberdeen it was concluded that there would be 13 multi-member wards with a total of 43 councillors. This system was introduced as a result of the Local Governance (Scotland) Act 2004, and was designed to produce a form of proportional representation.{{cite web|url=http://www.electoralcommission.gov.uk/your-area/scotelections2007.cfm|title=Scottish elections 2007|publisher=The Electoral Commission|access-date=2007-02-08 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070127122545/http://www.electoralcommission.gov.uk/your-area/scotelections2007.cfm |archive-date = 2007-01-27}}
The composition of wards changed to:
4 councillors:
- (1) Dyce/Bucksburn/Danestone
- (2) Bridge of Don
- (10) Hazlehead/Ashley/Queens Cross
- (12) Torry/Ferryhill
3 councillors:
- (3) Kingswells/Sheddocksley – name later changed to Kingswells/Sheddocksley/Summerhill
- (4) Northfield (name later changed to Northfield/Mastrick North
- (5) Hilton/Stockethill – name later changed to Hilton/Woodside/Stockethill
- (6) Tillydrone/Seaton/Old Aberdeen
- (7) Midstocket/Rosemount
- (8) George Street/Harbour
- (9) Lower Deeside
- (11) Airyhall/Broomhill/Garthdee
- (13) Kincorth/Loirston – name later changed to Kincorth/Nigg/Cove
=Composition (2007–2012)=
{{See also|2007 Aberdeen City Council election}}
| class="wikitable"
!width="180"|Ward !width="180"|Councillors !width="180"|Party !width="5"| |
| Dyce/Bucksburn/Danestone
|Ron Clark |Liberal Democrat |bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}"| |
| |Barney Crockett
|Labour |bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}"| |
| |Mark McDonald
|Scottish National Party |bgcolor="{{party color|Scottish National Party}}"| |
| |George Penny
|Liberal Democrat |bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}"| |
| Bridge of Don
|Muriel Jaffrey |Scottish National Party |bgcolor="{{party color|Scottish National Party}}"| |
| |Gordon Leslie
|Liberal Democrat |bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}"| |
| |John Reynolds
|Liberal Democrat |bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}"| |
| |Willie Young
|Labour |bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}"| |
| Kingswells/Sheddocksley
|Len Ironside |Labour |bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}"| |
| |Peter Stephen
|Liberal Democrat |bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}"| |
| |Wendy Stuart
|Scottish National Party |bgcolor="{{party color|Scottish National Party}}"| |
| Northfield
|Scottish National Party |bgcolor="{{party color|Scottish National Party}}"| |
| |Gordon Graham
|Labour |bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}"| |
| |Kevin Stewart
|Scottish National Party |bgcolor="{{party color|Scottish National Party}}"| |
| Hilton/Stockethill
|George Adam |Labour |bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}"| |
| |Neil Fletcher
|Liberal Democrat |bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}"| |
| |Kirsty West
|Scottish National Party |bgcolor="{{party color|Scottish National Party}}"| |
| Tillydrone/Seaton/Old Aberdeen
|Norman Collie |Labour |bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}"| |
| |Jim Noble
|Scottish National Party |bgcolor="{{party color|Scottish National Party}}"| |
| |Richard Robertson
|Liberal Democrat |bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}"| |
| Midstocket/Rosemount
|Bill Cormie |Scottish National Party |bgcolor="{{party color|Scottish National Party}}"| |
| |Jenny Laing
|Labour |bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}"| |
| |John Corral
|Scottish National Party |bgcolor="{{party color|Scottish National Party}}"| |
| George Street/Harbour
|Andrew May |Scottish National Party |bgcolor="{{party color|Scottish National Party}}"| |
| |Jim Hunter
|Labour |bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}"| |
| |John Stewart
|Liberal Democrat |bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}"| |
| Lower Deeside
|Mary Boulton |Independent | |
| |Aileen Malone
|Liberal Democrat |bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}"| |
| |Alan Milne
|Conservative |bgcolor="{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}"| |
| Hazlehead/Ashley/Queens Cross
|Jim Farquharson |Conservative |bgcolor="{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}"| |
| |Martin Greig
|Liberal Democrat |bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}"| |
| |Jennifer Stewart
|Liberal Democrat |bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}"| |
| |John West
|Scottish National Party |bgcolor="{{party color|Scottish National Party}}"| |
| Airyhall/Broomhill/Garthdee
|Scott Cassie |Liberal Democrat |bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}"| |
| |Jill Wisely
|Conservative |bgcolor="{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}"| |
| |Ian Yuill
|Liberal Democrat |bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}"| |
| Torry/Ferryhill
|Yvonne Allan |Labour |bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}"| |
| |Irene Cormack
|Liberal Democrat |bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}"| |
| |Alan Donnelly
|Conservative |bgcolor="{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}"| |
| |Jim Kiddle
|Scottish National Party |bgcolor="{{party color|Scottish National Party}}"| |
| Kincorth/Loirston
|Neil Cooney |Labour |bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}"| |
| |Kate Dean
|Liberal Democrat |bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}"| |
| |Callum McCaig
|Scottish National Party |bgcolor="{{party color|Scottish National Party}}"| |
| colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:90%;"|Source: [https://web.archive.org/web/20070927031823/http://www.aberdeencity.gov.uk/ACCI/nmsruntime/saveasdialog.asp?lID=9433&sID=4858] |
==Changes since 2007 Election==
- A by-election was held in the Midstocket/Rosemount Ward following the death of the Conservatives' John Porter on 23 May 2007. The by-election, on 16 August 2007, was won by the SNP's John Corall.
- In January 2011, Tillydrone/Seaton/Old Aberdeen Cllr Norman Collie resigned from the Labour Party and sat as an Independent.
- A by-election was held in the Dyce/Bucksburn/Danestone Ward following the death of the Liberal Democrat's Ron Clark on 21 February 2011. The by-election, on 19 May 2011, was won by the SNP's Neil MacGregor.
- In June 2011, Hazlehead/Ashley/Queens Cross Cllr Jim Farquaharson was expelled from the Conservative Party and sat as an Independent.
- In June 2011, Lower Deeside Cllr Alan Milne was expelled from the Conservative Party and sat as an Independent.
- A by-election was held in the Airyhall/Broomhill/Garthdee Ward following the resignation of the Liberal Democrat's Scott Cassie on 27 April 2011 after he was jailed for embezzlement. The by-election, on 23 June 2011, was won by the SNP's Gordon Scott Townson.
- In September 2011, Bridge of Don Cllr Gordon Leslie was suspended from the Liberal Democrats. He subsequently resigned from the party and sat as an Independent.
- In February 2012, George Street/Harbour Cllr Jim Hunter was suspended from the Labour Party. He subsequently resigned from the party and sat as an Independent.
- In March 2012, Bridge of Don Cllr John Reynolds resigned from the Liberal Democrats and sat as an Independent.
=Composition (2012–2017)=
{{See also|2012 Aberdeen City Council election}}
| class="wikitable"
!width="180"|Ward !width="180"|Councillors !width="180"|Party !width="5"| |
| Dyce/Bucksburn/Danestone
|Barney Crockett |Labour |bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}"| |
| |Graeme Lawrence
|Labour |bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}"| |
| |Neil MacGregor
|Scottish National Party |bgcolor="{{party color|Scottish National Party}}"| |
| |Gill Samarai
|Scottish National Party |bgcolor="{{party color|Scottish National Party}}"| |
| Bridge of Don
|Muriel Jaffrey |Scottish National Party |bgcolor="{{party color|Scottish National Party}}"| |
| |John Reynolds
|Independent | |
| |Sandy Stuart
|Scottish National Party |bgcolor="{{party color|Scottish National Party}}"| |
| |Willie Young
|Labour |bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}"| |
| Kingswells/Sheddocksley/Summerhill
|David Cameron |Scottish National Party |bgcolor="{{party color|Scottish National Party}}"| |
| |Steve Delaney
|Liberal Democrat |bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}"| |
| |Len Ironside
|Labour |bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}"| |
| Northfield/Mastrick North
|Scott Carle |Labour |bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}"| |
| |Jackie Dunbar
|Scottish National Party |bgcolor="{{party color|Scottish National Party}}"| |
| |Gordon Graham
|Labour |bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}"| |
| Hilton/Woodside/Stockethill
|George Adam |Labour |bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}"| |
| |Kirsty Blackman ("née" West)
|Scottish National Party |bgcolor="{{party color|Scottish National Party}}"| |
| |Lesley Dunbar
|Labour |bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}"| |
| Tillydrone/Seaton/Old Aberdeen
|Ross Grant |Labour |bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}"| |
| |Ramsey Milne
|Labour |bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}"| |
| |Jim Noble
|Scottish National Party |bgcolor="{{party color|Scottish National Party}}"| |
| Midstocket/Rosemount
|Bill Cormie |Scottish National Party |bgcolor="{{party color|Scottish National Party}}"| |
| |Fraser Forsyth
|Independent | |
| |Jenny Laing
|Labour |bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}"| |
| George Street/Harbour
|Andrew May |Scottish National Party |bgcolor="{{party color|Scottish National Party}}"| |
| |Jean Morrison
|Labour |bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}"| |
| |Nathan Morrison
|Labour |bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}"| |
| Lower Deeside
|Mary Boulton |Independent | |
| |M. Tauqeer Malik
|Labour |bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}"| |
| |Aileen Malone
|Liberal Democrat |bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}"| |
| Hazlehead/Ashley/Queens Cross
|John Corall |SNP |bgcolor="{{party color|Scottish National Party}}"| |
| |Martin Greig
|Liberal Democrat |bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}"| |
| |Jennifer Stewart
|Liberal Democrat |bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}"| |
| |Ross Thomson
|Conservative |bgcolor="{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}"| |
| Airyhall/Broomhill/Garthdee
|Angela Taylor |Labour |bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}"| |
| |Gordon Townson
|SNP |bgcolor="{{party color|Scottish National Party}}"| |
| |Ian Yuill
|Liberal Democrat |bgcolor="{{party color|Liberal Democrats (UK)}}"| |
| Torry/Ferryhill
|Yvonne Allan |Labour |bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}"| |
| |Graham Dickson
|Scottish National Party |bgcolor="{{party color|Scottish National Party}}"| |
| |Alan Donnelly
|Independent | |
| |Jim Kiddle
|Scottish National Party |bgcolor="{{party color|Scottish National Party}}"| |
| Kincorth/Nigg/Cove
|Neil Cooney |Labour |bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}"| |
| |Andrew Finlayson
|Independent | |
| |Callum McCaig
|Scottish National Party |bgcolor="{{party color|Scottish National Party}}"| |
==Changes since 2012 Election==
- In January 2014, Torry/Ferryhill Cllr Alan Donnelly was expelled from the Conservative Party group and sits as an Independent.
- In May 2014, Midstocket/Rosemount Cllr Jenny Laing replaced Dyce/Bucksburn/Danestone Cllr Barney Crockett as Leader of the Council.
- In May 2014, Midstocket/Rosemount Cllr Fraser Forsyth resigned from the Conservative Party group and sits as an Independent.
=Composition (2017–2022)=
{{See also|2017 Aberdeen City Council election}}
{{update section|date=March 2021}}
UK Parliament
In the United Kingdom Parliament, the city is divided between two constituencies:
| class="wikitable"
!width="5"| !width="140"|Party !width="100"|Constituency !width="100"|Member |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Independent}}"|
|{{TBD}} |{{TBD}} |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Independent}}"|
|{{TBD}} |{{TBD}} |
Scottish Parliament
There are three Scottish Parliament constituencies that overlap the Aberdeen City Council area in the North East Scotland electoral region:
| class="wikitable"
!width="5"| !width="140"|Party !width="100"|Constituency !width="100"|Member |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Scottish National Party}}"|
|Scottish National Party |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Scottish National Party}}"|
|Scottish National Party |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Scottish National Party}}"|
|Scottish National Party |
Other MSPs in the North East Scotland electoral region (but selected by the Additional Member proportional representation system, and not in constituencies overlapping Aberdeen City or the Aberdeen City Council area) are:
| class="wikitable"
!width="5"| !width="140"|Party !width="180"|Members |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}"|
|Labour |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Labour Party (UK)}}"|
|Labour |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}"|
|Conservative |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}"|
|Conservative |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}"|
|Conservative |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Conservative Party (UK)}}"|
|Conservative |
| bgcolor="{{party color|Scottish Greens}}"|
|Scottish Greens |
Scottish independence referendum
{{main|Scottish independence referendum, 2014}}
In 2014 a referendum was held asking voters in Scotland the question: "Should Scotland be an independent country?" The referendum was held by the SNP administration after their victory in the 2011 Scottish Parliament election to determine whether Scotland should become an independent nation or remain a devolved part of the United Kingdom. Of the 3,623,344 votes cast (on a turnout of 84.6%) 2,001,926 were in favour of a "No" vote (55.3%) while 1,617,989 were "Yes" (44.7%): leading to Scotland remaining part of the United Kingdom.
The Aberdeen City local authority area had a higher than average No vote. 84,094 voters in the area voted against independence (58.6%) while 59,390 voted in favour of independence (41.4%). The Aberdeen City council area had the third lowest turnout in Scotland with 143,484 valid ballot papers on a turnout of 81.7%, ahead of Dundee and Glasgow.
Twinned cities
Aberdeen is twinned with several cities across Europe and throughout the rest of the world.{{cite web|url=http://www.aberdeencity.gov.uk/ACCI/web/site/Tourism/SL/tur_TownTwinning.asp|title=Twinning|publisher=Aberdeen City Council|access-date=2007-02-08}} These include:
valign="top" |
| valign="top" |
|
See also
References
{{Reflist}}