Pollena Trocchia
{{Infobox Italian comune
| name = Pollena Trocchia
| official_name =
| native_name =
| image_skyline = Scavi - Pollena Trocchia - 2014 - 04.jpg
| imagesize =
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Excavations at Pollena Trocchia
| image_shield = PollenaTrocchia.gif
| shield_alt =
| image_map =
| map_alt =
| map_caption =
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_alt =
| coordinates = {{coord|40|51|N|14|23|E|type:city(13,724)_region:IT|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_footnotes =
| region = Campania
| metropolitan_city = Naples (NA)
| frazioni = Guindazzi, Musci, San Gennariello-Laurenzana, Tamburiello, Trocchia
| mayor_party =
| mayor =
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 = 8.1
| population_footnotes = All demographics and other statistics: Italian statistical institute Istat.
| population_total =
| population_as_of =
| pop_density_footnotes =
| population_demonym =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 149
| twin1 =
| twin1_country =
|istat=| saint =
| day =
| postal_code =
| area_code =
| website = {{official website|http://www.comune.pollenatrocchia.na.it/}}
| footnotes =
}}
Pollena Trocchia is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Naples in the Italian region Campania, located about 11 km east of Naples.
It was created in 1811 from two already existing villages, Pollena and Trocchia, both of Samnite-Etruscan origin. Pollena took its name from the cult of Apollo, who had an important temple here in the Roman and pre-Roman ages. Both were destroyed by the 1631 eruption of Vesuvius.
The baths of an ancient Roman villa were discovered at Masseria De Carolis in Pollena Trocchia in 1988 and subsequently exposed.
History
Before the Roman colonisation, this area was probably inhabited by Italic peoples like Samnites and Oscans. Later it became a resort for rich patricians of Rome or for rich estate owners who built magnificent villas in the area.
Excavations have shown that the north side of the Vesuvius volcano was equally as populated as the southern side where Pompeii and Herculaneum lie, but have not been paid as much attention by historians. The area was buried during the eruptions of Vesuvius of 472, 505 and 512 ADJournal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research Volume 113, Issues 1–2, 15 March 2002, Pages 19–36, The 472 AD Pollena eruption of Somma-Vesuvius (Italy) and its environmental impact at the end of the Roman Empire and not 79 AD (like that which buried Pompeii etc.), and so was part of the community that continued after the earlier eruption and recovered better than the territories to the south.
The baths were built after the 79 AD eruption and before the mid-2nd century.
The eruptions of Vesuvius of 472 buried the lower floors but clearance work was done and occupation then continued in the upper levels until it was completely buried in the 505 and 512 eruptions.The Roman Baths in Pollena Trocchia https://www.apollineproject.org/pollena.html
Excavations
The site was first discovered during construction of apartment blocks but the builders tried to destroy it as a hindrance to their work. A brief site report classed it as agricultural and no further excavation was made. The site was forgotten and used for illegal dumping.
The Apolline ProjectApolline Project https://www.apollineproject.org/ identified the site and from 2005 it was cleared and annual excavations started.
10 rooms of baths with massive structures have been discovered on two floors. An earlier villa is believed to be situated adjacent to them on the same site.
[[File:Scavi - Pollena Trocchia - 2014 - 03.jpg|thumb|left|
Roman baths, Pollens Trocchia]]
{{clear}}
References
{{reflist}}
{{clear}}
{{Province of Naples}}
{{authority control}}
Category:Cities and towns in Campania
Category:Populated places established in 1811
Category:Roman villas in Italy
Category:Archaeological sites in Campania
{{Campania-geo-stub}}