Ponera
{{Short description|Genus of ants}}
{{For|the genus of orchids|Ponera (plant)}}
{{Automatic taxobox
| image = Ponera sp.jpg
| image_caption = Ponera sp.
| image_upright = 1.15
| display_parents = 2
| taxon = Ponera
| authority = Latreille, 1804
| type_species = Formica coarctata
| type_species_authority = Latreille, 1802
| diversity_link = #Species
| diversity = 66 species
| diversity_ref = {{AntCat|430125|Ponera|2014|accessdate=20 July 2014}}
| synonyms = Pseudocryptopone Wheeler, W.M., 1933
Pteroponera Bernard, 1950
Selenopone Wheeler, W.M., 1933
}}
Ponera is a genus of ponerine ants.
The name is the Latinized form ({{lang|la|Ponēra}}) of the Ancient Greek {{transliteration|grc|ponira}} ({{lang|grc|πονηρά}}, 'wicked, wretched').{{OED|ponerid}}
Description
Workers are very small to small in size (1–4 mm); queen are similar to workers but winged. This genus is very similar to Cryptopone, Hypoponera and Pachycondyla.{{cite web|url=http://anic.ento.csiro.au/ants/biota_details.aspx?BiotaID=39718 |title=Ponera Latreille, 1804, Ants Down Under |publisher=CSIRO Australia|date= |access-date=2010-08-10}}
Biology
Distribution
Ponera is known from the Holarctic, Samoa, New Guinea and Australia.
Species
File:Ponera leptocephala Emery 1891 fig 3.jpg
in Sicilian amber]]
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
- Ponera alisana Terayama, 1986
- Ponera alpha Taylor, 1967
- Ponera augusta Taylor, 1967
- Ponera bableti Perrault, 1993
- Ponera baka Xu, 2001
- Ponera bawana Xu, 2001
- Ponera bishamon Terayama, 1996
- Ponera borneensis Taylor, 1967
- Ponera chapmani Taylor, 1967
- Ponera chiponensis Terayama, 1986
- Ponera clavicornis Emery, 1900
- Ponera coarctata (Latreille, 1802)
- Ponera colaensis Mann, 1921
- Ponera diodonta Xu, 2001
- †Ponera elegantissima Meunier, 1923
- Ponera elegantula Wilson, 1957
- Ponera exotica Smith, 1962
- Ponera guangxiensis Zhou, 2001
- Ponera hubeiensis Wang & Zhao, 2009
- Ponera incerta (Wheeler, 1933)
- Ponera indica Bharti & Wachkoo, 2012
- Ponera japonica Wheeler, 1906
- Ponera kohmoku Terayama, 1996
- Ponera leae Forel, 1913
- †Ponera leptocephala Emery, 1891
- †Ponera lobulifera Dlussky, 2009
- Ponera loi Taylor, 1967
- Ponera longlina Xu, 2001
- Ponera manni Taylor, 1967
- †Ponera mayri Dlussky, 2009
- Ponera menglana Xu, 2001
- Ponera nangongshana Xu, 2001
- Ponera norfolkensis Wheeler, 1935
- Ponera oreas (Wheeler, 1933)
- Ponera paedericera Zhou, 2001
- Ponera pennsylvanica Buckley, 1866
- Ponera pentodontos Xu, 2001
- Ponera petila Wilson, 1957
- Ponera pianmana Xu, 2001
- Ponera rishen Terayama, 2009
- Ponera ruficornis Spinola, 1851
- Ponera scabra Wheeler, 1928
- Ponera selenophora Emery, 1900
- Ponera shennong Terayama, 2009
- Ponera sikkimensis Bharti & Rilta, 2015
- Ponera sinensis Wheeler, 1928
- Ponera swezeyi (Wheeler, 1933)
- Ponera syscena Wilson, 1957
- Ponera sysphinctoides Bernard, 1950
- Ponera szaboi Wilson, 1957
- Ponera szentivanyi Wilson, 1957
- Ponera taipingensis Forel, 1913
- Ponera taiyangshen Terayama, 2009
- Ponera takaminei Terayama, 1996
- Ponera tamon Terayama, 1996
- Ponera taylori Bharti & Wachkoo, 2012
- Ponera tenuis (Emery, 1900)
- Ponera terayamai Leong, Guénard, Shiao & Lin, 2019
- Ponera testacea Emery, 1895
- Ponera tudigong Pierce, Leong & Guénard, 2019
- †Ponera wheeleri Dlussky, 2009
- Ponera woodwardi Taylor, 1967
- Ponera wui Leong, Guénard, Shiao & Lin, 2019
- Ponera xantha Xu, 2001
- Ponera xenagos Wilson, 1957
- Ponera yuhuang Terayama, 2009
{{div col end}}
References
{{Reflist|refs=
{{cite journal |last=Schmidt |first=C. A. |last2=Shattuck |first2=S. O. |date=2014 |title=The Higher Classification of the Ant Subfamily Ponerinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), with a Review of Ponerine Ecology and Behavior |journal=Zootaxa |volume=3817 |issue=1 |pages=1–242 |doi=10.11646/zootaxa.3817.1.1 |pmid=24943802}}
}}
External links
- {{Commons category-inline|Ponera|Ponera}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q150667}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Ponerinae-stub}}