Popeye (Faulkner character)
Popeye is a character in William Faulkner's 1931 novel Sanctuary. He is a Memphis, Tennessee-based criminal who rapes Temple Drake and introduces her into a criminal world which corrupts her.
Popeye is unable to sexually perform.{{cite journal |last=Phillips |first=Gene D. |date=Summer 1973|title= Faulkner And The Film: The Two Versions Of "Sanctuary" |journal=Literature/Film Quarterly |publisher=Salisbury University|volume=1|issue=2 |pages= 263–273 |jstor=43795435 }} - Cited: p. 269. Owing to this aspect of his body, in the original novel, Popeye instead uses a corncob to violate her. Doreen Fowler, author of "Reading for the "Other Side": Beloved and Requiem for a Nun," wrote that Popeye wished to "despoil and possess the secret dark inner reaches of woman."Fowler, Doreen. "Reading for the "Other Side": Beloved and Requiem for a Nun." In: Kolmerton, Carol A., Stephen M. Ross, and Judith Bryant Wittenberg (editors). Unflinching Gaze: Faulkner and Morrison Re-Imagined. University Press of Mississippi, 1997. {{ISBN|1617035297}}, 9781617035296. Start: p. [https://books.google.com/books?id=HRAnAY4n2fgC&pg=PA139 139]. CITED: p. [https://books.google.com/books?id=HRAnAY4n2fgC&pg=PA142 142].
Adaptations
In the 1933 film The Story of Temple Drake he is replaced by Trigger, played by Jack La Rue. Trigger is able to sexually perform.
In the 1961 film Sanctuary the equivalent character is named Candy Man, played by Yves Montand. He is an amalgamation of the original Popeye; Red, another gangster; and Pete, Red's brother. Pauline Degenfelder, who analyzed several Faulkner stories and wrote academic articles about them, described him as Cajun,{{cite journal|author=Degenfelder, E. Pauline|title=The Four Faces of Temple Drake: Faulkner's Sanctuary, Requiem for a Nun, and the Two Film Adaptations|journal=American Quarterly|date=Winter 1976|volume=28|issue=5|pages=544–560|jstor=2712288|doi=10.2307/2712288}} - Cited: p. 554. while a publicity poster called him "Creole".{{cite web|url=https://immortalephemera.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/requiem-for-a-nun-ad-box-office-feb-27-1961-554x767.jpg |format=JPG |title=Sanctuary}} (from [https://immortalephemera.com/67940/the-story-of-temple-drake-1933/ here]) Gene D. Phillips of Loyola University of Chicago wrote that Candy's "French accent gives him an exotic quality" attracting Temple to him; the film has the character originate in New Orleans to match the change.{{cite journal |last=Phillips |first=Gene D. |date=Summer 1973|title= Faulkner And The Film: The Two Versions Of "Sanctuary" |journal=Literature/Film Quarterly |publisher=Salisbury University|volume=1|issue=2 |pages= 263–273 |jstor=43795435 }} - Cited: p. 271. Candy Man is able to sexually perform, and Phillips stated that when Temple is raped, Candy Man "demonstrates his virility unequivocally".Phillips, Gene D. Fiction, Film, and Faulkner: The Art of Adaptation. University of Tennessee Press, 2001. {{ISBN|1572331666}}, 9781572331662. p. [https://books.google.com/books?id=Wrm3ZWTfrmEC&pg=PA81 81]. According Degenfelder, the new character name is a reference to his sexual allure and his job illegally transporting alcohol, as "candy" also referred to alcohol.Phillips, Gene D. Fiction, Film, and Faulkner: The Art of Adaptation. University of Tennessee Press, 2001. {{ISBN|1572331666}}, 9781572331662. p. [https://books.google.com/books?id=Wrm3ZWTfrmEC&pg=PA80 80]. Phillips stated that the merging of Pete into Candy Man means the film is made "more tightly into a continuous narrative" from the plots of the two original works, and also that the film does not have to make efforts to establish a new character towards the film's end.Phillips, Gene D. Fiction, Film, and Faulkner: The Art of Adaptation. University of Tennessee Press, 2001. {{ISBN|1572331666}}, 9781572331662. p. [https://books.google.com/books?id=Wrm3ZWTfrmEC&pg=PA82 82]-[https://books.google.com/books?id=Wrm3ZWTfrmEC&pg=PA83 83].
Analysis
T. H. Adamowski wrote in Canadian Review of American Studies that usual characterizations of Popeye reflect an ""electric-light-stamped-tin" syndrome".Adamowski, page unknown. Philip G. Cohen, David Krase, and Karl F. Zender, authors of a section on William Faulkner in Sixteen Modern American Authors, wrote that Adamowski's analysis of Popeye was "philosophically and psychologically sophisticated".Cohen, Philip G., David Krause, and Karl F. Zender. "William Faulkner." In: Sixteen Modern American Authors Volume 2. Duke University Press, 1990. Start: p. [https://books.google.com/books?id=K18jAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA210 210]. CITED: p. [https://books.google.com/books?id=K18jAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA276 276]-[https://books.google.com/books?id=K18jAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA275 275].
Legacy
Gene D. Phillips of Loyola University of Chicago wrote that Slim Grisson of No Orchids for Miss Blandish was "modeled after Popeye."{{cite journal |last=Phillips |first=Gene D. |date=Summer 1973|title= Faulkner And The Film: The Two Versions Of "Sanctuary" |journal=Literature/Film Quarterly |publisher=Salisbury University|volume=1|issue=2 |pages= 263–273 |jstor=43795435 }} - Cited: p. 273.
References
- {{cite journal|author=Adamowski, T. H.|title=Faulkner's Popeye: The "Other" As Self|journal=Canadian Review of American Studies|publisher=University of Toronto Press|date=Spring 1977|volume=8|issue=1|pages=36–51|doi=10.3138/CRAS-008-01-04|s2cid=159783563 }} - Published online by University of Toronto Press on March 10, 2011. [https://muse.jhu.edu/article/682609/summary Also available at] Project MUSE
- This was reprinted in: Bleikasten, André and Nicole Moulinoux (editors). Douze lectures de Sanctuaire. PU de Rennes/Fondation William Faulkner (Rennes, France), 1995. p. 51-66.
=Notes=
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Further reading
- {{cite journal|author=Arnett, Kristen N.|url=https://scholarship.rollins.edu/rurj/vol5/iss2/1/|title=Modern Man: Popeye as an Indicator of Movement Toward an Industrialized South in William Faulkner's Sanctuary|journal=Rollins Undergraduate Research Journal|volume=5|year=2011|issue=2}}
- "Is the Jinx of "Trigger" Still On? What effect had that role on the parts Jack Larue is now playing?" Photoplay, November 1933
{{Sanctuary (novel)}}
Category:Literary characters introduced in 1931
Category:William Faulkner characters
Category:Fictional characters from Tennessee