Popular Unity (Brazil)
{{short description|Brazilian political party}}
{{use dmy dates|date=October 2022}}
{{Infobox political party
| country = Brazil
| colorcode = #000000
| name = Popular Unity
| native_name = Unidade Popular
| logo = Popular Unity (Brazil) logo.jpg
| native_name_lang = Portuguese
| president = Leonardo Péricles
| leader1_title = Vice President
| leader1_name = Samara Martins
| founded = {{Start date and age|2016|6|16|df=y|p=y}}
| headquarters = SQN 316, Bloco K, 330, Brasília
| newspaper = A Verdade (The Truth)
| ideology = {{Plainlist|
- {{Nowrap|Revolutionary socialism}}{{cite web|url=https://noticias.uol.com.br/politica/ultimas-noticias/2019/12/10/brasil-ganha-seu-33-partido-unidade-popular-e-de-esquerda-e-socialista.htm|title=Brasil ganha seu 33º partido: Unidade Popular é de esquerda e socialista|publisher=Uol|language=pt|first=Felipe|last=Amorim|date=10 December 2019|access-date=27 February 2020}}
}}
| position = {{Nowrap|Left-wing to far-left{{cite web|access-date=2020-10-18|date=2020-10-02|last=Leandro Mazzini|title=Novo partido de extrema esquerda lança candidatos em 9 capitais|url=https://jornaldebrasilia.com.br/blogs-e-colunas/esplanada/novo-partido-de-extrema-esquerda-lanca-candidatos-em-9-capitais/|website=Jornal de Brasília}}}}
| blank1_title = TSE Identification Number
| blank1 = 80
| website = {{url|unidadepopular.org.br}}
}}
{{Politics of Brazil}}
Popular Unity ({{langx|pt|Unidade Popular}}, UP), also known as Popular Unity for Socialism ({{langx|pt|Unidade Popular pelo Socialismo}}, UPS), is a Brazilian political party founded on 16 June 2016, which had its right to launch candidacies recognized by the Superior Electoral Court (TSE) on 10 December 2019. As a socialist party, it is connected to homeless workers' movements and defends the nationalization of the banking system, social control of all monopolies, capitalist consortia, and the means of production at-large, as well as rural land reform and collectivization.{{cite web|url=https://www.poder360.com.br/partidos-politicos/tse-aprova-criacao-da-unidade-popular-o-33o-partido-politico-no-pais/|title=TSE aprova criação da Unidade Popular, o 33° partido político no país|publisher=Poder360|language=pt|date=10 December 2019|accessdate=27 February 2020}}
In the 2018 Brazilian general election, Popular Unity supported the Socialism and Liberty Party presidential bid of Guilherme Boulos and Sônia Guajajara.{{Cite web|title=Unidade Popular: contra os banqueiros, Boulos para presidente! - Partido Comunista Revolucionário – PCR|date=September 2018 |url=https://pcrbrasil.org/unidade-popular-contra-os-banqueiros-boulos-para-presidente/|access-date=2020-05-26}} Its first National Congress was held in Belo Horizonte from 23 to 24 March 2019. Its slogan is "party of the poor, with the poor, and for the poor".{{cite web|url=https://revistaforum.com.br/politica/unidade-popular-realiza-congresso-nacional-para-se-constituir-como-partido-politico/|title=Unidade Popular realiza congresso nacional para se constituir como partido político|publisher=Revista Fórum|language=pt|date=23 March 2019|accessdate=27 February 2020}} On 10 December 2019, the TSE approved the party's registration and assigned the number 80 for pollings.
History
=Electoral Registration Process=
File:Ocupação Lanceiros Negros Vivem.jpg
Other movements, such as the Revolutionary Communist Party's Union of Rebellion Youth (UJR), the Movement of Struggle in the Neighborhoods, Vilas and Slums (MLB), the Class Struggle Movement, and the Olga Benário Women's Movement (MMOB) have joined the registration efforts.{{cite web |url=http://averdade.org.br/2014/12/unidade-popular-pelo-socialismo-e-necessario-o-poder-politico-nas-maos-dos-trabalhadores/ |title=Unidade Popular pelo Socialismo: É necessário o poder político nas mãos dos trabalhadores|language=pt-br |date=2014-12-30|accessdate=2018-10-23 |work=Jornal A Verdade}}
The collection of signatures of support for registration of the party before the TSE was started in 2014.{{cite web|url=http://averdade.org.br/2014/08/tem-inicio-campanha-de-legalizacao-da-unidade-popular-pelo-socialismo/ |title=Campanha de legalização da Unidade Popular pelo Socialismo se inicia em todo o Brasil |date=2018-08-17|lang=pt-br |accessdate=2018-10-21|work=Jornal A Verdade}} According to paragraph 2 of article 7 of TSE Resolution 23,465, the minimum support must correspond to at least 0.5% of the votes cast in the last general election for the Chamber of Deputies (approximately 500,000), not counting blank and invalid votes, distributed in one third, or more, of the states, with a minimum of 0.1% of the electorate that voted in each state.{{cite web|url=http://www.tse.jus.br/imprensa/noticias-tse/2017/Agosto/tudo-o-que-voce-precisa-saber-sobre-registro-de-partidos-politicos|title=Tudo o que você precisa saber sobre registro de partidos políticos|lang=pt-br|date=2017-08-24|access-date=2018-10-27|work=Tribunal Superior Eleitoral|archive-date=12 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200812000652/http://www.tse.jus.br/imprensa/noticias-tse/2017/Agosto/tudo-o-que-voce-precisa-saber-sobre-registro-de-partidos-politicos|url-status=dead}} As of 27 October 2018, it had over 418,000 validated signatures of support.{{cite web |url=http://www.tse.jus.br/partidos/partidos-politicos/criacao-de-partido/partidos-em-formacao |title=Partidos em formação |access-date=2018-10-21 |work=Tribunal Superior Eleitoral |lang=pt-br |archive-date=23 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181023174939/http://www.tse.jus.br/partidos/partidos-politicos/criacao-de-partido/partidos-em-formacao |url-status=dead }} According to the organization, more than a million support forms were filled out.{{cite web |url=http://averdade.org.br/2018/05/vai-dar-unidade-popular/ |title=Vai dar Unidade Popular: Campanha pela legalização da Unidade Popular chega à reta final com dedicação total da militância |lang=pt-br|date=2018-05-27|accessdate=2018-10-27|work=Jornal A Verdade}}{{cite web|url=https://pt-br.facebook.com/unidadepopularUP/posts/2130900003860161 |title=Facebook: A Unidade Popular já recolheu mais de 1 milhão de assinaturas de apoio em todo o país! |lang=pt-br|date=2018-08-09 |accessdate=2018-10-27|work=Unidade Popular pelo Socialismo}}
The party's statute was published in the Diário Oficial da União on 3 September 2014, signed by its president, Leonardo Péricles Vieira Roque, coordinator of the Movement of Struggle in Bairros, Vilas and Favelas (MLB). Its symbol is three raised fists, symbolizing unity of action and democratic centralism, on a black or white background on which are written the name and the acronym of the organization.{{cite web|url=https://www.jusbrasil.com.br/diarios/75977021/dou-secao-3-03-09-2014-pg-171|title=Página 171 do Diário Oficial da União de 03/09/2014, publicado no Portal JusBrasil|accessdate=2018-10-21|lang=pt-br}}
Since 2014, the party's popularity has progressively increased among students and organized labor, acquiring national expression from its opposition to the government of Michel Temer,{{cite web|url=http://www.sintietfal.org.br/2017/05/mesa-reune-partidos-de-esquerda-para-debater-perspectivas-da-luta-contra-temer/|title=Mesa reúne partidos de esquerda para debater perspectivas da luta contra Temer|lang=pt-br|date=2017-05-09|accessdate=2018-10-27|work=Sindicato dos Servidores Públicos Federais da Educação Básica e Profissional no Estado de Alagoas}} and then to Jair Bolsonaro in the 2018 Brazilian presidential election.{{cite web|url=https://www.counterfire.org/articles/opinion/19897-the-brazilian-elections-and-the-fight-against-the-far-right|title=The Brazilian elections and the fight against the far right|date=2018-10-06|accessdate=2018-10-29|work=Counterfire}}
In the 2018 election, UP, still unable to field a presidential candidate, declared its support for the presidential candidacy of Guilherme Boulos and his running mate Sônia Guajajara, an electoral slate launched by the Socialism and Freedom Party (PSOL). According to the organization, the support for the slate is due to the fact that it is "the only one willing to adopt the {{ill|taxation of large fortunes|pt|Imposto sobre grandes fortunas|lt=taxation of large fortunes}} and repeal the measures of lesa-patria of Michel Temer's government, among them the Labor Reform and the {{ill|Constitutional Amendment of the Public Expenditure Ceiling|pt|Emenda Constitucional do Teto dos Gastos Públicos|lt=to freeze social investments}}."{{cite web|url=http://pcrbrasil.org/unidade-popular-contra-os-banqueiros-boulos-para-presidente/ |title=Unidade Popular: Contra os banqueiros, Boulos para Presidente |lang=pt-br|date=2018-09-01|accessdate=2018-10-23 |work=Partido Comunista Revolucionário - PCR}}
Its first congress was held in Belo Horizonte on 23–24 March, 2019. Its slogan is "party of the poor, with the poor, and for the poor".{{Cite web|url=https://revistaforum.com.br/politica/unidade-popular-realiza-congresso-nacional-para-se-constituir-como-partido-politico/|title=TSE deve legalizar Unidade Popular|date=23 March 2019 |lang=pt-br|access-date=2019-12-11}} The party's application for registration was filed with the Superior Electoral Court in August 2019 and approved on December 10 of the same year.{{Cite web |url=https://piaui.folha.uol.com.br/materia/esquerda-da-esquerda/ |title=[esquina] À esquerda da esquerda |accessdate=2020-09-04 |website=revista piauí |date=3 August 2020 |lang=pt-BR}} The party was given the number 80 for voting at the polls.
=2020 municipal elections=
The 2020 Brazilian municipal elections were the first that the party participated in. According to the party's national president, Leonardo Péricles, the party's plan was to launch the maximum number of candidates for mayor in the main Brazilian capitals in 2020.
Besides its own candidacies, the party joined the coalition of the PSOL candidate in Porto Alegre, federal deputy Fernanda Melchionna. Previously, the party had considered launching Priscila Voigt as a candidate.{{Cite web |url=https://www.sul21.com.br/ultimas-noticias/politica/2020/08/up-retira-pre-candidatura-e-anuncia-apoio-a-fernanda-melchionna-em-porto-alegre/ |title=UP retira pré-candidatura e anuncia apoio a Fernanda Melchionna em Porto Alegre |date=2020-08-13 |accessdate=2020-09-04 |website=Sul 21 |lang=pt-BR}} In Rio de Janeiro, UP supported the candidacy of Rio de Janeiro state representative Renata Souza.{{Cite web |url=https://g1.globo.com/rj/rio-de-janeiro/eleicoes/2020/noticia/2020/09/03/psol-oficializa-candidatura-de-renata-souza-a-prefeitura-do-rio-de-janeiro.ghtml |title=PSOL oficializa candidatura de Renata Souza à Prefeitura do Rio de Janeiro |accessdate=2020-09-14 |website=G1 |date=3 September 2020 |lang=pt-br}} In São Paulo the Popular Unity joined the PSOL coalition supporting the candidacy of Guilherme Boulos with the vice candidate Luiza Erundina.{{Cite web |url=https://www.terra.com.br/noticias/eleicoes/up-desiste-de-candidatura-em-sp-para-apoiar-guilherme-boulos,81bcbf81486ca56c38dc7933a9c6e51fhwhchrpo.html |title=UP desiste de candidatura em SP para apoiar Guilherme Boulos |accessdate=2020-09-24 |website=Terra |lang=pt-BR}} In Belo Horizonte, the party's national president, Leonardo Péricles, was a candidate for vice-mayor in the slate of federal deputy Áurea Carolina (PSOL). In Florianópolis, the party was part of the Popular Front, together with PSOL, PT, PDT, PCdoB, PSB and REDE, as well as the organizations PCLCP and UCB. In Belém, the party was part of the coalition of the elected PSOL candidate, Edmilson Rodrigues.{{Cite web |url=https://g1.globo.com/pa/para/eleicoes/2020/noticia/2020/11/29/edmilson-rodrigues-do-psol-e-eleito-prefeito-do-municipio-de-belem.ghtml |title='Agora eu sou prefeito de todos os belenenses', diz Edmilson Rodrigues, do PSOL, após ser eleito prefeito de Belém (PA) |accessdate=2021-06-23 |website=G1 |date=29 November 2020 |lang=pt-br}}
For the elections, the party received R$1.2 million (US$ {{To USD round|1200000|BRA|}}) from the {{ill|Special Campaign Finance Fund|pt|Fundo Especial de Financiamento de Campanha|lt=electoral fund}}.{{Cite web|url=https://www.brasildefato.com.br/2020/02/11/brasil-pode-ultrapassar-a-marca-de-um-milhao-de-candidatos-nas-eleicoes-2020|title=Brasil pode ultrapassar a marca de um milhão de candidatos nas eleições 2020|language=pt-BR|date=February 11, 2020|accessdate=August 14, 2020|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20200709024941/https://www.brasildefato.com.br/2020/02/11/brasil-pode-ultrapassar-a-marca-de-um-milhao-de-candidatos-nas-eleicoes-2020|archivedate=July 9, 2020|url-status=live}}
During the 2020 municipal elections, Popular Unity was the Brazilian political party with the highest proportional number of black candidates, by virtue of 70% (seventy percent) of its candidates for mayor and councilor being black men and women.{{Cite web |url=https://congressoemfoco.uol.com.br/eleicoes/partido-que-disputa-primeira-eleicao-tem-70-dos-candidatos-negros/ |title=Partido que disputa primeira eleição tem 70% dos candidatos negros |date=2020-11-14 |accessdate=2021-05-09|lang=pt-br}}
=2022 presidential election=
On 14 November 2021, Leonardo Péricles had his nomination confirmed as a pre-candidate in the 2022 Brazilian presidential election.{{Cite web|url=https://unidadepopular.org.br/2021/resolucoes/leo-pericles-e-o-primeiro-pre-candidato-a-presidencia-da-republica-pela-unidade-popular-pelo-socialismo/|title=Leo Péricles é o primeiro pré-candidato à Presidência da República pela Unidade Popular pelo Socialismo|lang=pt-br|accessdate=2021-11-16|archive-date=25 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211125015101/https://unidadepopular.org.br/2021/resolucoes/leo-pericles-e-o-primeiro-pre-candidato-a-presidencia-da-republica-pela-unidade-popular-pelo-socialismo/|url-status=dead}}{{Cite web|url=https://tribunahoje.com/noticias/politica/2021/11/14/up-lanca-pre-candidatura-de-leonardo-pericles-a-presidencia-da-republica/|title=UP lança pré-candidatura de Leonardo Péricles à presidência da República|date=2021-11-14|access-date=2021-11-16|lang=pt-br}} At the same event, he was also elected as national president of the party.{{Cite web|url=https://jornalempoderado.com.br/unidade-popular-pelo-socialismo-lanca-pre-candidatura-de-leonardo-pericles-a-presidencia-da-republica/|title=Unidade Popular pelo Socialismo lança pré-candidatura de Leonardo Péricles à presidência da República|date=2021-11-18|access-date=2021-11-19|lang=pt-br}}
Ideology
The party is linked to movements that work in defense of subsidized housing and defends the nationalization of the banking system, social control of all capitalist monopolies and consortia and of the means of production in the strategic sectors of the economy, and agrarian reform. In addition, the party is also in favor of subjecting judges and magistrates to electoral sifting and of nationalizing public transportation.
The party advocates socialist ideals and the overcoming of capitalism, and fighting international financial capital and the privileges of the wealthy. According to its national president, Leonardo Péricles:
{{Quote|text=The UP proposes to be a group that contributes to the reorganization of the left-wing in the middle of the poor people in defence of a revolutionary program, but which, at the same time, dialogues with the people. Who should we fight? The international financial capital and the rich, the classes which dominate Brazil, that bring ever since the era of slavery the racism, sexism, authoritarianism and, specially, the anti-poor politics that make Brazil dependent, humiliated and plundered as it is today.{{cite web|url=https://revistaforum.com.br/politica/tse-oficializa-e-brasil-ganha-novo-partido-politico-o-unidade-popular-up-de-esquerda-e-socialista/|title=TSE oficializa e Brasil ganha novo partido político: o Unidade Popular (UP), de esquerda e socialista|publisher=Revista Fórum|language=pt|date=10 December 2019|accessdate=27 February 2020}}|author=Leonardo Péricles, president of the Popular Unity}}
Electoral history
= Presidential election =
| class=wikitable style=text-align:center |
| rowspan="2"|Election
!rowspan="2"|Candidate !rowspan="2"|Running mate !rowspan="2"|Coalition !colspan="2"|First round !colspan="2"|Second round !rowspan="2"|Result |
|---|
| Votes
!% !Votes !% |
| 2022
|Leonardo Péricles (UP) |Samara Martins (UP) |None |53,519 |0.05% |– |– |Lost {{Nay}} |
= Legislative elections =
| class=wikitable style=text-align:center
!rowspan="2"|Election !colspan="4"|Chamber of Deputies !colspan="4"|Federal Senate !rowspan="2"|Role in government |
| Votes
!% !Seats !+/– !Votes !% !Seats !+/– |
|---|
| 2022
|align="center"|55,780 |align="center"|0.05% |style="text-align:center;"|{{composition bar|0|513|hex={{party color|Popular Unity (Brazil)}}}} |New |align="center"|291,294 |align="center"|0.29% |style="text-align:center;"|{{composition bar|0|81|hex={{party color|Popular Unity (Brazil)}}}} |New |{{no|Extra-parliamentary}} |
{{Notelist}}
References
{{reflist}}
External links
- {{official website|unidadepopular.org.br}}
- [https://unidadepopular.org.br/programa/ Party program]
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{{s-ttl|title=Number of Brazilian Official Political Parties|years=80 – PU (UP)}}
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{{Brazilian political parties}}
Category:2019 establishments in Brazil
Category:Anti-capitalist political parties
Category:Anti-imperialist organizations
Category:Anti-racist organizations
Category:Left-wing politics in Brazil