Power Plant and Dam No. 5 (Potomac River)

{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2025}}

{{Infobox NRHP

| name = Power Plant and Dam No. 5

| nrhp_type =

| image = Dam No. 5 Potomac River 1.jpg

| caption =

| location = Berkeley County, West Virginia / Washington County, Maryland, USA

| nearest_city = Marlowe, West Virginia

| coordinates = {{coord|39|36|22|N|77|55|23|W|display=inline,title}}

| locmapin = West Virginia#USA

| area =

| architecture =

| added = December 10, 1980{{NRISref|2009a}}

| mpsub = Berkeley County MRA

| refnum = 80004438

}}

Power Plant and Dam No. 5, also known as Honeywood Dam, comprises a dam on the Potomac River, originally built for the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, and a power plant built to take advantage of the river's flow to generate hydroelectric power. The dam is included in Chesapeake and Ohio Canal National Historical Park.

The dam was originally built to retain water for the C&O Canal in 1835. It was modified in 1993, and is {{convert|20|ft|m}} tall, retaining {{convert|490|acre|ha}} of reservoir.{{cite web|url=http://findlakes.com/potomac_river_dam_5_maryland~md00138.htm|title= Potomac River Dam 5, northcentral Maryland|publisher=FindLakes|accessdate=2009-07-08}} The 1835 dam was constructed of wood cribbing, and was attacked by Confederate forces under General Stonewall Jackson in December 1861 with the aim of destroying the dam, depriving the upper C&O Canal of water and consequently cutting off coal shipments to Washington, D.C. Two assaults by Jackson's forces failed to cause significant damage to the dam.{{cite web|url=http://13thmass.org/1861/index.html|title=Stonewall Assaults Dam No. 5|last=Barrett|first=Jason|date=September 2000|work=America's Civil War|publisher=HistoryNet.com|accessdate=2009-07-08}} The dam was later replaced with a stone structure,{{cite web|url=https://wvculture.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Power-plant-and-dam-4.pdf|title=National Register of Historic Places Inventory Nomination: Power Plant and Dam No. 5 (Honeywood Dam)|last=Wood|first=Don C.|publisher=National Park Service|accessdate=2009-07-10}} which has been upgraded with concrete.

The power plant is a two-story brick building on the West Virginia side of the river. It was built circa 1900 as the Honeywood paper mill. The first Honeywood Mill was built at the same time as the dam, in 1835 by Edward Colston. It burned a few years later and was replaced, then burned in the Civil War. The power plant is operated by FirstEnergy with a total installed capacity of 1210 kilowatts.{{cite web|url=http://www.thefederalregister.com/d.p/2002-12-27-02-32679|title=Notice Soliciting Scoping Comments|date=December 27, 2002|publisher=Federal Register|accessdate=2009-07-10}}

The dam and power plant were placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.