Príncipe de Asturias (ocean liner)
{{short description|Spanish ocean liner (1914-1916)}}
{{More footnotes needed|date=November 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}}
| {{Infobox Ship Begin}}
{{Infobox Ship Image |Ship image= Vapor Príncipe de Asturias en pruebas de mar.JPG |Ship caption= Príncipe de Asturias }} {{Infobox ship career |Ship country= Spain |Ship flag= {{Shipboxflag|Spain|civil-1785}} |Hide header= |Ship name= Príncipe de Asturias |Ship namesake= Prince of Asturias |Ship owner= Naviera Pinillos |Ship operator= |Ship registry= Cádiz |Ship route= Barcelona – Buenos Aires |Ship ordered= |Ship builder= Russell & Co, Port Glasgow |Ship original cost= |Ship yard number= 663 |Ship way number= |Ship laid down= |Ship launched= 30 April 1914 |Ship completed= July 1914 |Ship christened= |Ship acquired= |Ship maiden voyage= 16 August 1914 |Ship in service= |Ship out of service= |Ship identification= |Ship fate= Ran aground & sank 5 March 1916 |Ship notes= }} {{Infobox Ship Characteristics |Hide header= |Header caption= |Ship type= ocean liner |Ship tonnage= {{GRT|8371}}, {{NRT|5115}} |Ship displacement= |Ship length= {{cvt|460.0|ft|abbr=on}} |Ship beam= {{cvt|58.2|ft|abbr=on}} |Ship draught= |Ship depth= {{cvt|29.3|ft|abbr=on}} |Ship decks= 3 |Ship power= 1,134 NHP |Ship propulsion= *2 × quadruple-expansion engines
|Ship speed= {{convert|18|kn|km/h}} |Ship capacity= 1,890 |Ship crew= 200 |Ship notes= sister ship: Infanta Isabel }} |
Príncipe de Asturias was a steam ocean liner, built in Scotland for the Spanish Naviera Pinillos. She was launched in 1914 and wrecked in 1916 with the loss of at least 445 lives. She was the sister ship of Pinillos' {{GRT|8170}} Infanta Isabel, which was launched in 1912.
Príncipe de Asturias was the last ocean liner to be built in the United Kingdom for a Spanish shipping line. Thereafter the Sociedad Española de Construcción Naval (SECN) developed its shipyards to meet the Spanish merchant fleet's need for larger and more modern ships.{{sfn|Dunn|1973|p=157}}
The ship was named after the Prince of Asturias, the title of the heir apparent to the Spanish Crown. She is one of several ships to have been called Príncipe de Asturias. Others include a 44-gun frigate sunk in 1721, the former {{sclass|Acacia|sloop|0}} sloop {{HMS|Iris|1915|6}}, which was converted into a merchant ship in 1920 and sank in 1930, and the {{ship|Spanish aircraft carrier|Príncipe de Asturias}}, which was launched in 1982 and sold for scrap in 2015.
Building
Russell & Co built Príncipe de Asturias in its Kingston yard at Port Glasgow, Scotland, launching her on 30 April 1914, and completing her that July.{{cite web |url= https://clydeships.co.uk/view.php?&ref=16694 |title=Principe de Asturias |work=Scottish Built Ships |publisher=Caledonian Maritime Research Trust |access-date=13 November 2020}} Her sister Infanta Isabel had briefly been the largest ship in the Spanish merchant fleet. However, by the time Príncipe de Asturias had been built, Pinillos' main competitor, Compañía Transatlántica Española, had taken delivery of the larger liners {{SS|Reina Victoria-Eugenia||2}} and {{SS|Infanta Isabel de Borbon||2}}.
Principe de Asturias{{'}} length was {{cvt|460.0|ft|abbr=on}}, her beam was {{cvt|58.2|ft|abbr=on}}, and her depth was {{cvt|29.3|ft|abbr=on}}. Her tonnages were {{GRT|8371}} and {{NRT|5115}}. She had twin screws, each driven by a quadruple-expansion steam engine built by David Rowan & Co of Glasgow. The combined power of her twin engines was rated at 1,134 NHP.{{sfn|Lloyd's Register 1914|loc=Supplement: P}}
Route
In 1916 Príncipe de Asturias{{'}} route was Barcelona – Buenos Aires, with several intermediate ports of call, including Santos in Brazil.
Loss
File:Naufrágio do Príncipe de Astúrias.jpg
Shortly before dawn on 5 March 1916, while trying to approach the port of Santos in dense fog, the ship ran aground on shoals about {{convert|3|nmi|km}} east of Ponta do Boi on the island of Ilhabela, opening a huge hole in her hull.
Water entered her boiler room, causing some of her boilers to explode, and she lost power. The ship listed to starboard and soon capsized. She sank in five minutes, killing at least 445 of the 588 people aboard.
Only one lifeboat was launched, initially carrying 20 people. At dawn and in the morning the lifeboat gathered more than 100 people. The French cargo ship Vega rescued 143 people, including the swimmer Marina Vidal and the only Brazilian on board, José Martins Vianna.
The sinking of the ship remains the deadliest maritime disaster in Brazilian history to date.{{Cite news |title=O dia em que o Príncipe de Astúrias, o 'Titanic brasileiro', naufragou nas águas de Ilhabela |url=https://www.bbc.com/portuguese/curiosidades-61171359 |access-date=2024-02-02 |work=BBC News Brasil |language=pt-BR}}
References
{{reflist}}
Bibliography
- {{cite book |last=Dunn |first=Laurence |year=1973 |title=Merchant Ships of the World in Colour 1910–1929 |place=London |publisher=Blandford Press Ltd. |isbn=0-7137-0569-8 }}
- {{cite book |last=García Novell |first=Francisco |year=2009 |title=Naufragio, la historia olvidada del Titanic español |place=Madrid |publisher=La esfera de los libros |isbn=978-84-9734-881-2 |language=es }}
- {{cite book |year=1914 |title=Lloyd's Register of Shipping |volume=I.–Steamers |place=London |publisher=Lloyd's Register of Shipping |via=Internet Archive |ref={{harvid|Lloyd's Register 1914}} |url= https://archive.org/details/HECROS1915ST/page/n1338/mode/1up}}
- {{cite book |last1=Sella |first1=Antoni |last2=Martín |first2=Rodrigo |year=2002 |title=Vapores |place=Barcelona |publisher=Angle editorial |isbn=84-88811-99-3 |language=es }}
- {{cite book |last1=Silvares |first1=José Carlos |author2=Heinde Aranha Moura |author3=RLuis Felipe |year=2006 |title=Príncipe de Asturias: O Mistério das Profundezas |publisher=Magma Editora Cultural }}
External links
{{commons category|Principe de Asturias (ship, 1914)}}
- {{cite web |url= http://www.naufragios.net/paginas/naufrapasturias.htm |title=El "Titanic Español" |work=Naufragios.net |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100209004205/http://www.naufragios.net/paginas/naufrapasturias.htm |archive-date=9 February 2010 |language=es}}
- {{cite web |url= http://www.naufragios.net/paginas/listapaspa.htm |title=Lista de tripulantes supervivientes del naufragio del trasatlántico español Príncipe de Asturias. |work=Naufragios.net |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090529064847/http://www.naufragios.net/paginas/listapaspa.htm |archive-date=29 May 2009 |language=es}} – list of crew and passenger names{{dead link |date=November 2020}}
- {{cite web |url= http://www.buques.org/Navieras/Pinillos/Pinillos-1_E.htm |title=Naviera Pinillos |work=Mar y Barcos |language=es}}
- {{cite web |url=https://wrecksite.eu/wreck.aspx?37212 |last1=Allen |first1=Tony |last2=Lettens |first2=Jan |last3=Flota |first3=Klaus |last4=Miller |first4=Jon |title=SS Principe De Asturias [+1916] |work=Wrecksite.eu}}
{{March 1916 shipwrecks}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Principe De Asturias}}
Category:Maritime incidents in 1916
Category:Maritime incidents in Brazil
Category:Passenger ships of Spain
Category:Ships built on the River Clyde
Category:Shipwrecks in the Atlantic Ocean