Prangos ferulacea
{{Short description|Species of plant}}
{{For|the lizard species|Common basilisk}}
{{Speciesbox
|image = Cachrys ferulacea 05.jpg
|taxon = Prangos ferulacea
|authority = (L.) Lindl.
|synonyms =
{{Species list
|Cachrys alata|Caruel
|Cachrys goniocarpa|Boiss., Diagn. ser. l(10):53 (1849)
|Cachrys prangoides|Boiss. in Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 3, 2:76 (1844)
|Laserpitium ferulaceum|L., Sp. Pl. ed. 2:358 (1762)
|Prangos carinata|Gris. ex Degcn in Term.-Tud. Közl. 28:44 (1896).
|Cachrys ferulacea|(L.) Calest.
}}
|synonyms_ref =
}}
Prangos ferulacea, known in Italy as common basilisk (basilisco comune), is a perennial herbaceous plant present in the Mediterranean Basin, Bulgarian Black Sea Coast, and the Caucasus.
Description
Herbaceous plant 60–150 cm tall, stem has a diameter of 1-2 cm at the base. Its leaves are glabrous and light green, broadly ovate to ovate-triangular or oblong-elliptic and repeatedly pinnate. Its basal leaves have up to 50-80 cm long petioles, at the base they are divided into 3 lobes, each 4-5 times pinnate. Its terminal lobes are linear, lanceolate or almost filiform, with 1 vein, at the apex they are shortly pointed. The lower stem leaves are shorter-stalked and the uppermost are sessile, much smaller and less dissected, with sheaths enclosing the stem. The complex umbels are about 15 cm in diameter, with 6-18 main rays, at the base with a sheath of linear-lanceolate and membranous leaves. Awns are about 1 cm wide. Its petals are about 1 mm long, obovate or elliptic. The fruits are 10-25 mm long, about 10 mm wide, ovoid to elliptical, slightly laterally flattened. Blooms in May-June and bears fruit in June - August. It is pollinated by insects and propagated by seeds.{{Cite web |last=Чавдар Гусев |title=Ферулов прангос :: Червена Книга на Република България |url=http://e-ecodb.bas.bg/rdb/bg/vol1/Praferul.html |access-date=2023-02-21 |website= Червена книга на България|language=bg}}
Distribution
The species is distributed in Italy and the island of Sicily, Romania, Bulgaria, the Caucasus, Turkey, Armenia and Iran. In Bulgaria, it is found along the Black Sea coast - Medni Rid and Maslen nos, as well as on Bakadzhitsite, up to about 300 m above sea level. It is an endangered species in Bulgaria, included in the Red Book of Bulgaria and in the {{ill|Bulgarian Law on Biological Diversity|bg|Закон за биологичното разнообразие}}. In northern Sicily it grows on limestone in association with endangered fungus Pleurotus nebrodensis.{{cite iucn|title=Pleurotus nebrodensis ssp. nebrodensis|page=e.T61597A102952148|author=Venturella, G.|date=2016|volume=2016|access-date=18 November 2021|doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T61597A102952148.en}}