President of Senegal
{{Short description|Head of state and government of Senegal}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2024}}
{{Infobox official post
| post = President
| body = the
Republic of Senegal
Président de la
République du Sénégal
| insignia = Coat of arms of Senegal.svg
| insigniasize =
| insigniacaption = Coat of Arms of Senegal
| image = Bassirou Diomaye Faye - 2024 (cropped).jpg
| imagesize = 165px
| incumbent = Bassirou Diomaye Faye
| incumbentsince = 2 April 2024
| style =
| residence = Palace of the Republic
| appointer =
| termlength = Five years,
| termlength_qualified = renewable once
| constituting_instrument = Constitution of Senegal (2001)
| formation = {{start date and age|df=y|1960|9|6}}
| succession =
| inaugural = Léopold Sédar Senghor
| deputy =
| salary = 9,278,556 West African CFA francs annually{{cite web|url=https://www.businessdailyafrica.com/news/The-highest-and-lowest-paid-African-presidents/539546-4129430-cbmf8iz/index.html|title=The highest and lowest paid African presidents – Business Daily|date=27 December 2020 |publisher=Business Daily}}
| website = [https://www.presidence.sn/en/ presidence.sn]
}}
{{Politics of Senegal}}
The president of Senegal ({{langx|fr|Président du Sénégal}}) is the head of state of Senegal. In accordance with the constitutional reform of 2001 and since a referendum that took place on 20 March 2016, the president is elected for a 5-year term, with a limit of two consecutive terms. The following is a list of presidents of Senegal, since the country gained independence from France in 1960.
Election process
{{expand section|date=April 2024}}
=Inauguration=
The Senegalese Constitution provides the following oath for the president which must be taken before they enter into office:
{{blockquote|text="I swear, before God and the people of Senegal, to faithfully execute the office of president of the republic of Senegal, to keep the provisions of the Constitution and laws and to ensure their observance, to devote all my strength to defending constitutional institutions, to defend Senegal's territorial integrity and its independence, and [I swear] to spare no effort to realize the unity of Africa".{{cite web |title=Senegal: All you need to know about the Apr 2nd presidential inauguration |url=https://www.africanews.com/2024/04/02/senegal-all-you-need-to-know-about-the-apr-2nd-presidential-inauguration/ |website=Africanews |access-date=2 April 2024 }}}}
Term
=Term duration<span class="anchor" id="Term length"></span>=
In 1991, presidential term lengths were extended from five to seven years.Human Rights in Developing Countries Yearbook 1997, page 276.
In January 2001, during Abdoulaye Wade's first term, a constitutional referendum reduced the presidential term back to five years.{{cite web |title=Elections in Senegal |url=https://africanelections.tripod.com/sn.html#2001_Constitutional_Referendum |website=africanelections.tripod.com |publisher=African Elections Database |access-date=10 June 2023 |quote = Main Points: Reduction of Presidential term from 7 to 5 years }}
In July 2008, during Wade's second term, the National Assembly approved a constitutional amendment increasing the length of the presidential term back to seven years, as it was prior to the adoption of the 2001 constitution. This extension did not apply to Abdoulaye Wade's 2007–2012 term.{{cite news |title=afrol News – Senegal approves presidential term extension |url=http://www.afrol.com/articles/30051 |access-date=10 June 2023 |work=www.afrol.com |publisher=afrol News |date=July 30, 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081209103312/http://www.afrol.com/articles/30051 |archive-date=9 December 2008}}{{cite web |title=Titre III : Du Président de la République |url=http://www.gouv.sn/spip.php?article795 |publisher=Gouvernement du Sénégal |access-date=10 June 2023 |url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120303150506/http://www.gouv.sn/spip.php?article795 |archive-date=3 March 2012}}
In 2016, during Macky Sall's first term, per another constitutional referendum, the length of the presidential term was decreased back to five years. The amendments were adopted in constitutional law № 2016-10.{{cite web
|author1=Macky SALL |author1-link=Macky Sall
|author2=Mahammed Boun Abdallah DIONNE |author2-link=Mahammed Dionne
|language=fr
|title=Loi constitutionnelle n° 2016-10 du 05 avril 2016 portant révision de la Constitution |url=http://www.jo.gouv.sn/spip.php?page=imprimer&id_article=10799|publisher=JOURNAL OFFICIEL DU SENEGAL
|quote= Article 27. – La durée du mandat du Président de la République est de cinq ans.
|date=5 April 2016
|access-date=10 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180331165310/http://www.jo.gouv.sn/spip.php?page=imprimer&id_article=10799 |archive-date=31 March 2018 |url-status=dead}}{{Cite news
|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-35885465 |url-status=live |access-date=10 June 2023
|title=Senegal referendum approves shorter presidential terms |publisher=BBC News |date=23 March 2016
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160324064815/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-35885465 |archive-date=24 March 2016
}}
=Term limits=
As of 2021, there is a two-term limit for the president in the Constitution of Senegal. Abdoulaye Wade was controversially allowed to run for president in 2012 following the 2008 constitutional amendment, but lost re-election to Macky Sall.{{cite web |last1=Cook |first1=Candace |last2=Siegle |first2=Joseph |title=Circumvention of Term Limits Weakens Governance in Africa |url=https://africacenter.org/spotlight/circumvention-of-term-limits-weakens-governance-in-africa/ |website=Africa Center for Strategic Studies}}
Privileges
=Buildings=
File:Palais présidentiel à Dakar - 2.JPG
The Palace of the Republic ({{langx|fr|Palais de la République}}) is the presidential residence, located in Dakar in the Plateau district. After having been the official residence of the Governor-General of French West Africa. The construction of the palace in its first state was ordered in 1902 by Gaston Doumergue, Minister of the Colonies, to house in the capital the Governor General of French West Africa who was then residing in Saint-Louis. The architect was Henri Deglane.{{Cite web |title=Palais Présidentiel / Sénégal |url=https://www.au-senegal.com/palais-presidentiel,2920.html?lang=fr |access-date=2023-06-18 |website=www.au-senegal.com}}
List of officeholders
;Political parties
{{legend|{{party color|Socialist Party of Senegal}}|Socialist Party of Senegal (PSS)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend|{{party color|Senegalese Democratic Party}}|Senegalese Democratic Party (PDS)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend|{{party color|Alliance for the Republic (Senegal)}}|Alliance for the Republic (APR)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend|{{party color|PASTEF}}|African Patriots of Senegal for Work, Ethics and Fraternity (PASTEF)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
;Symbols
{{note label|§|§|§}} Elected unopposed
| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! rowspan="2" |{{Abbr|No.|Number}} ! rowspan="2" |Portrait ! rowspan="2" |Name ! rowspan="2" |Elected ! colspan="3" |Term of office ! rowspan="2" |Political party ! rowspan="2" |Prime minister(s) |
| Took office
! Left office ! Time in office |
|---|
| style="background-color:{{party color|Socialist Party of Senegal}}; color:white;"| 1
| 100px | Léopold Sédar Senghor | {{Text|1960{{ref label|§|§|§}}}} | 6 September 1960 | 31 December 1980 | {{ayd|1960|09|06|1980|12|31}} | PSS |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Socialist Party of Senegal}}; color:white;"| 2
| 100px | Abdou Diouf | 1 January 1981 | 1 April 2000 | {{ayd|1981|01|01|2000|04|01}} | PSS |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Senegalese Democratic Party}}; color:white;"| 3
| 100px | Abdoulaye Wade | 1 April 2000 | 2 April 2012 | {{ayd|2000|04|01|2012|04|02}} | PDS | Moustapha Niasse |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Alliance for the Republic (Senegal)}}; color:white;"| 4
| 100px | Macky Sall | 2 April 2012 | 2 April 2024 | {{age in years and months|2012|04|02|2024|04|02}} | APR | Abdoul Mbaye |
| style="background-color:{{party color|PASTEF}}; color:white;"| 5
| Bassirou Diomaye Faye | 2024 | 2 April 2024 | Incumbent | {{ayd|2024|04|02}} | PASTEF |
Timeline
{{#tag:timeline|
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PlotArea = top:10 bottom:80 right:120 left:20
AlignBars = late
Define $today = {{#time:d/m/Y}}
Colors =
id:ups value:rgb(0.03,0.6,0.01) legend:Senegalese_Progressive_Union
id:pss value:rgb(0,0.5,0) legend:Socialist_Party_of_Senegal
id:pds value:rgb(0.26,0.5,0.75) legend:Senegalese_Democratic_Party
id:apr value:rgb(0.35,0.23,0.09) legend:Alliance_for_the_Republic
id:pastef value:rgb(0.62,0.1,0.09) legend:African_Patriots_of_Senegal_for_Work,_Ethics_and_Fraternity
id:gray1 value:gray(0.85)
id:gray2 value:gray(0.95)
DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy
Period = from:01/01/1960 till:31/12/{{#expr:{{#time:Y}}+1}}
TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal
ScaleMajor = gridcolor:gray1 unit:year increment:5 start:1960
ScaleMinor = gridcolor:gray2 unit:year increment:1 start:1960
Legend = columns:1 left:150 top:35 columnwidth:170
TextData =
pos:(20,38) textcolor:black fontsize:M
text:"Political party:"
BarData =
bar:Senghor
bar:Diouf
bar:Wade
bar:Sall
bar:Faye
PlotData =
width:5 align:left fontsize:9 shift:(5,-4) anchor:till
bar:Senghor
from: 06/09/1960 till: 01/12/1976 color:ups
from: 01/12/1976 till: 31/12/1980 color:pss text:"Léopold Sédar Senghor"
bar:Diouf
from: 01/01/1981 till: 01/04/2000 color:pss text:"Abdou Diouf"
bar:Wade
from: 01/04/2000 till: 02/04/2012 color:pds text:"Abdoulaye Wade"
bar:Sall
from: 02/04/2012 till: 02/04/2024 color:apr text:"Macky Sall"
bar:Faye
from: 02/04/2024 till: $today color:pastef text:"Bassirou Diomaye Faye"
}}
Latest election
{{main|2024 Senegalese presidential election}}
See also
References
{{reflist}}
External links
- [http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Senegal.html World Statesmen – Senegal]
{{Presidents of Senegal}}
{{Senegal topics}}
{{Heads of state and government of Africa}}