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President pro tempore of the North Carolina Senate

{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2025}}

{{Infobox official post

| post = President pro tempore

| body = the North Carolina Senate

| insignia = Seal of North Carolina.svg

| insigniasize = 110px

| insigniacaption = State seal

| image = Phil Berger.jpg

| incumbent = Phil Berger

| incumbentsince = January 26, 2011

| department = North Carolina Senate

| style =

| status = Presiding officer

| seat = North Carolina State Legislative Building, Raleigh, North Carolina

| nominator = Major parties (normally)

| appointer = The North Carolina Senate

| termlength = two years (currently)

| constituting_instrument = North Carolina Constitution

| formation = 1777

| first = Samuel Ashe

| succession = Second

| deputy =

| salary =

| website =

}}

The president pro tempore of the North Carolina Senate (more commonly, "Pro-Tem") is the highest-ranking (internally elected) officer of one house of the North Carolina General Assembly. The president of the Senate is the Lieutenant Governor of North Carolina, but the president pro tempore actually holds most of the power and presides in the absence of the Lt. Governor. The president pro tempore, a senior member of the party with a majority of seats, appoints senators to committees and also appoints certain members of state boards and commissions. From 1777 to 1868, North Carolina had no Lieutenant Governor, and the highest-ranking officer of the Senate was known as the "Speaker". The Speaker of the Senate was next in line if the office of Governor became vacant. This occurred on two occasions.

Presidents pro tempore are elected at the beginning of each biennial session, currently in January of odd-numbered years. Between 1868 and 1992, it was rare for a president pro tempore to serve more than two terms. Marc Basnight, however, became arguably the most powerful North Carolina Senate leader in history and one of the state's most influential politicians when he served a record nearly 18 years as president pro tempore.

History

Upon Republican Jim Gardner's assumption of lieutenant gubernatorial office in 1989, Democrats in the Senate modified the body's rules, transferring the powers to appoint committees and assign bills away from the lieutenant governor and to the president pro tempore. This dramatically increased the influence of the latter position.{{cite magazine| last = McLaughlin| first = Mike| title = President Pro Tem's Office Evolves into Senate Power Center| magazine = N.C. Insight| pages = 40–41| publisher = N.C. Center for Public Policy Research| date = January 1994| url = https://nccppr.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/President_Pro_Tems_Office_Evolves_into_Senate_Power_Center.pdf}}

Powers and duties

The president pro tempore is responsible for appointing the members of the Senate's committees at the opening of each legislative session.{{cite web| url = https://www.ncleg.gov/Help/Topic/232| title = Structure of the North Carolina General Assembly| publisher = North Carolina General Assembly| access-date = August 27, 2022}} They also have the power to appoint some members of state executive boards.{{sfn|Cooper|Knotts|2012|p=145}}

North Carolina Senate presiding officers

=Speakers=

File:Allen Jones.jpg

File:AbnerNash.jpg

File:NCG-AlexanderMartin.jpg

The following members were elected speakers of the Senate:{{cite book |last1=Connor |first1=R. D. D. |title=A Manual of North Carolina |date=1913 |publisher=North Carolina Historical Commission |location=Raleigh |url=http://www.carolana.com/NC/NC_Manuals/NC_Manual_1913.pdf |access-date=April 27, 2019|pages=453–}}, [http://docsouth.unc.edu/nc/manual/manual.html Alternate link]{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GvBRAQAAMAAJ&q=Abraham+Jones+Hyde+County+NC&pg=PA255|title=The Legislative Manual and Political Register of the State of North Carolina|year=1874|access-date=April 9, 2019|author=Wheeler, John H.}}{{cite web |url=https://home.heinonline.org/titles/Session-Laws-Library/North-Carolina/?letter=N |title=Session Laws: North Carolina |work= HeinOnline |publisher=William S. Hein & Co., Inc. |location=New York |access-date= March 22, 2019 }} {{subscription required}}{{cite web|url=http://www.carolana.com/NC/Revolution/nc_revolution_state_house_1780.html|title=NC Revolution State House 1780|website=The American Revolution in North Carolina|author=Lewis, J. D.|access-date=April 27, 2019}}

=Presidents pro tempore=

[[File:James L Robinson.jpg|thumb|James L. Robinson 1876–1877

]]

The following members were elected president pro tempore of the Senate:{{cite book|author=Cheney, John L. Jr.|title=North Carolina Government, 1585–1974|url=https://archive.org/details/northcarolinagov1975nort|year=1974|pages=[https://archive.org/details/northcarolinagov1975nort/page/447 447]–448}}

See also

References

{{reflist}}

  • [https://www.ncleg.gov/Help/Topic/232 Structure of the North Carolina General Assembly]
  • [https://web.archive.org/web/20110125185118/https://www.secretary.state.nc.us/pubsweb/manual.aspx North Carolina Manual], published by the North Carolina Secretary of State

Works cited

  • {{cite book| editor-last = Cooper| editor-first = Christopher A.| editor-last2 = Knotts| editor-first2 = H. Gibbs| title = The New Politics of North Carolina| publisher = University of North Carolina Press|location=Chapel Hill| date = 2012| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=FaQKnGIU-TwC| isbn = 9781469606583}}

{{North Carolina State Legislatures}}

{{U.S. State Senate Presidents}}

Category:North Carolina Senate

Category:Lists of North Carolina politicians

Category:Political history of North Carolina