Prince engine
{{distinguish|Prince Motor Company}}
{{Infobox automobile engine
| name = PSA Prince engine
| image = Engine - 2012 Mini Cooper Countryman (8025574280).jpg
| manufacturer = BMW and Stellantis
| production = 2006–present
| configuration = Inline-4
| head = Aluminium
| block = Aluminium
| valvetrain = DOHC, with VVT & VVL
| displacement = {{cvt|1397|cc|L|1|order=flip}}
{{cvt|1598|cc|L|1|order=flip}}
| turbocharger = In some versions
| bore = {{cvt|77|mm}}
| stroke = {{cvt|75|mm|2}}
{{cvt|85.8|mm|in|2}}
| fueltype = Gasoline
| predecessor = Tritec engine
PSA TU engine
PSA EW engine
BMW N43
| successor =
}}
Prince is the codename for a family of straight-four 16-valve all-aluminium gasoline engines with variable valve lift and variable valve timing developed by BMW and PSA Peugeot Citroën. It is a compact engine family of 1.4–1.6 L in displacement and includes most modern features such as gasoline direct injection and turbocharger.
The BMW versions of the Prince engine are known as the N13 and the Mini versions are N12 (Double VANOS, Valvetronic {{cvt|118|hp|kW|disp=flip}} at 6000 rpm) in 2007–2010 Cooper; N14 (Single VANOS, Turbocharged {{cvt|171|hp|kW|disp=flip}} at 5500 rpm) in 2007–2010 Cooper-S; N14 (Single VANOS, Turbocharged {{cvt|208|hp|kW|disp=flip}} at 6000 rpm) in 2009–2013 JCW Cooper; N16 (Double VANOS, Valvetronic {{cvt|121|hp|kW|disp=flip}} at 6000 rpm) in 2011–2013 Cooper and N18 (Double VANOS, Valvetronic Turbocharged {{cvt|181|hp|kW|disp=flip}} at 5500 rpm) in 2011–2013 Cooper-S.Mini Cooper Service Manual 2007–2013 by Bentley Publishers It replaced the Tritec engine family in the Mini and was first introduced in 2006 for MINI. Later in 2011 also for BMW models F20 and F21 114i, 116i and 118i . This was the first longitudinal engine mount option for Prince engine.
PSA started to use the Prince family in 2006 to replace a part of their TU family (the other part being replaced by the EB engine) — the Peugeot 207 being the first car to receive it.
The engine's components are produced by PSA at their Douvrin, France, facility, with MINI and BMW engine assembly at Hams Hall in Warwickshire, UK.{{cite web|url=https://www.themanufacturer.com/articles/three-million-engines-for-bmw-mini/|date=8 June 2012|first = Chris | last = Flynn | title=Milestone moment for BMW Mini with three millionth engine}} The co-operation was announced on 23 July 2002 with the first engines produced in 2006. The Prince engine project is not related to the Prince Motor Company.
In late 2006, an extension of the cooperation between the two groups was announced,{{Cite web|url= https://www.edubourse.com/finance/actualites.php?actu=29298|title=BMW et PSA Peugeot Citroën ont signé une lettre d'intention en vue de renforcer leur coopération dans les moteurs à essence|website=www.edubourse.com|access-date=2021-10-05|archive-date=2021-10-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211006033234/https://www.edubourse.com/finance/actualites.php?actu=29298|url-status= live}} promising new four-cylinder engines, without further details.
On 29 September 2010, it was announced by BMW that the turbocharged 1.6-litre version of the Prince engine would be supplied from 2012 to Saab for use in forthcoming models, primarily the 9-3.{{cite web |last=Reed |first=John |url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/fe03ee38-cba2-11df-a4f5-00144feab49a,s01=1.html |title=FT article |publisher=FT article |date=2010-09-29 |access-date=2012-08-30 |archive-date= 2021-10-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211006175543/https://www.ft.com/content/fe03ee38-cba2-11df-a4f5-00144feab49a |url-status=live }}{{cite web |author=Swade |url=http://www.saabsunited.com/2010/09/press-release-saab-automobile-and-bmw-enter-agreement-for-supply-of-gasoline-engines.html |title=SaabsUnited coverage of Saab press release |publisher= Saabs united |date=2010-09-29 |access-date=2012-08-30 |archive-date=2012-11-13 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20121113101350/http://www.saabsunited.com/2010/09/press-release-saab-automobile-and-bmw-enter-agreement-for-supply-of-gasoline-engines.html |url-status=live }} However, with the closure of SAAB, supply never started.
At the Geneva Auto Show 2011, Saab unveiled their last concept vehicle: the Saab PhoeniX was fitted with the 1.6-litre, turbocharged BMW Prince engine with {{cvt|200|PS|kW|0|disp=flip}}.{{citation | url = https://teknikensvarld.expressen.se/nyheter/bil-och-trafik/saab-phoenix-concept-aeromotional-125494/ | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20221204014800/https://teknikensvarld.expressen.se/nyheter/bil-och-trafik/saab-phoenix-concept-aeromotional-125494/ | archive-date = 2022-12-04 | magazine = Teknikens Värld | title = Saab PhoeniX Concept – aeromotional! | language = sv | date = 2011-03-01 | first = Erik | last = Wedberg | publisher = Expressen Lifestyle AB }}{{cite web |url= http://www.caranddriver.com/news/car/11q1/saab_phoenix_concept_official_photos_and_info-auto_shows |title=Saab PhoeniX Concept Official Photos and Info – Auto Shows |publisher=Car & driver |date=2012-08-26 |access-date=2012-08-30 |archive-date=2011-07-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110728143326/http://www.caranddriver.com/news/car/11q1/saab_phoenix_concept_official_photos_and_info-auto_shows |url-status=live }}
On 25 June 2014 1.6-litre turbo Prince engine won its eighth consecutive International Engine of the Year Award in the 1.4 to 1.8-litre category. In 2014 the Prince engine beat, among others, the new BMW B38 engine which is replacing the Prince engine in the Mini and BMW lineups.{{Cite web|url=http://www.psa-peugeot-citroen.com/en/media/press-releases/eighth-consecutive-international-engine-of-the-year-award-for-psa-peugeot-citroen|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140710021243/http://www.psa-peugeot-citroen.com/en/media/press-releases/eighth-consecutive-international-engine-of-the-year-award-for-psa-peugeot-citroen |url-status=dead |title=Eighth consecutive International Engine of the Year Award for PSA Peugeot Citroën|archive-date=July 10, 2014}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.ukimediaevents.com/engineoftheyear/index.php|title=Home | International Engine + Powertrain of the Year 2019|website=www.ukimediaevents.com|access-date=2021-10-05|archive-date=2021-10-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211006012539/https://www.ukimediaevents.com/engineoftheyear/index.php|url-status=live}}
Design
The Prince family shares its basic block dimensions with the previous PSA TU engine family. Engineering design was directed by BMW using their Valvetronic variable valve lift system on the intake side, flow-controlled oil pump, timing chain, single belt drive of all ancillary units, composite camshafts and cylinder head produced by lost-foam casting. It is also equipped with an on-demand water pump. Gasoline direct injection with a twin-scroll turbocharger will be used on the higher power versions.{{Cite web
|title=Petrol Engines in the BMW Group/PSA Peugeot Citroën Cooperation
|date=December 2004
|url=http://www.motoringfile.com/files/3_Technologietag_GB1102934639.pdf
|access-date=2014-10-14
|archive-date=2012-10-21
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121021120017/http://www.motoringfile.com/files/3_Technologietag_GB1102934639.pdf
|url-status=live
}}
All Prince engines will share {{cvt|84|mm|in|2}} cylinder bore spacing, with {{cvt|77|mm|in|2}} bore. The 1.6 litre engine has a stroke of {{cvt|85.8|mm|in|2}}. The engine features a two-piece "bedplate" aluminium crankcase for extra stiffness.
{{anchor|1.4|EP3|EP3C}} 1.4-litre EP3/EP3C (PSA)
The 1.4 L PSA EP3 and EP3C[http://www.peugeot-citroen-moteurs.fr/en-gb/our-products/engines/petrol-engines] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101127055633/http://www.peugeot-citroen-moteurs.fr/en-gb/our-products/engines/petrol-engines|date=November 27, 2010}} is the smallest member of the Prince family with a stroke measuring {{cvt|75|mm|in|2}} and total capacity of {{cvt|1397|cc|L|1}}. Depending on application, power output varies from {{cvt|95|to|98|PS|kW|disp=flip|0}} while torque varies from {{cvt|137|to|140|Nm|lbft|0}}.
Applications:
- 2005–2014 Peugeot 207
- 2007–2010 Mini One
- 2007–2013 Peugeot 308 (308 CC until 2015)
- 2009–2013 Citroën C3
- 2009–2017 Citroën C3 Picasso
- 2009–2012 Citroën DS3
- 2012–2015 Peugeot 208
{{anchor|1.6|EP6|EP6C}} 1.6-litre EP6/EP6C naturally aspirated (PSA)
The 1.6 L engine is used in the second-generation MINI and various Peugeot 207 models. It has an {{cvt|85.8|mm|in|2}} stroke for a total of {{cvt|1598|cc|L|1}} of displacement.
The naturally aspirated variant (EP6, EP6C) has conventional fuel injection and lost-foam cast cylinder heads. Its 11:1 compression ratio creates an output of {{cvt|120|PS|kW|0|disp=flip}} at 6000 rpm with a redline of 6500 rpm. Torque is {{cvt|160|Nm|lbft|0}} at 4250 rpm.{{cite web|url=http://news.hspn.com/articles/604/1/2007-Mini-Preview|title=2007 Mini Preview – Press Release|access-date=August 15, 2006|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130126000439/http://news.hspn.com/articles/604/1/2007-Mini-Preview|archive-date=January 26, 2013}}
Applications:
- 2007–2012 Peugeot 207 Sport
- 2007–2015 Mini Cooper
- 2007–2014 Mini One
- 2012–2015 Peugeot 208
- 2013–2015 Peugeot 2008
- 2007–2013 Peugeot 308 (308 CC until 2015)
- 2010–2015 Peugeot 3008
- 2011–2015 Peugeot 508
- 2008–2014 Citroën C4
- 2009–2016 DS 3
- 2009–2015 DS 4
- 2009–2014 Citroën C3
- 2009–2017 Citroën C3 Picasso
{{anchor|turbo|EP6DT|EP6CDT|EP6DTS|EP6FDT}} 1.6-litre turbocharged (PSA)
The turbocharged 1.6 L unit adds gasoline direct injection and has special low-pressure die-cast heads. It has an {{cvt|85.8|mm|in|2}} stroke for a total of {{cvt|1598|cc|L|1}} of displacement.
At first, there were two versions on offer – the THP150 and THP175, also known as the EP6DT and EP6DTS respectively within Peugeot. The first was later updated as EP6CDT and also as THP163, EP6CDTM. There is also EP6CDT MD – with lowered compression ratio.
For the THP150 maximum torque is {{cvt|240|Nm|lbft|0}} at 1400 rpm. Power output is {{cvt|150|PS|kW|0|disp=flip}} at 5500 rpm.
Applications:
- 2006–2014 Peugeot 207 CC/GT
- 2007–present Peugeot 308
- 2011–present Peugeot 508
- 2010–2015 Peugeot RCZ (THP156)
- 2008–present Citroën C4
- 2008–present Citroën C4 Picasso
- 2008–present Citroën Grand C4 Picasso
- 2013–{{abbr|2022|Production halted due to the Russian invasion of Ukraine.}} Citroën C4 Sedan – the car assembled in Russia, Kaluga
- 2009–2019 DS 3
- 2010–2018 DS 4
- 2012–2018 DS 5
- 2011–present Peugeot 408 Sport
- 2012–present Peugeot 208
For the THP163 maximum torque is {{cvt|240|Nm|lbft|0}} at 1400 rpm. Power output is {{cvt|165|PS|kW|0|disp=flip}} at 5500 rpm.
Applications:
- 2011–present Peugeot 408
- 2015–present Citroën C4 Grand Picasso
- 2016–present Peugeot 3008
- 2017–present Peugeot 5008
- 2018–present Citroën C4 Cactus (for Argentina, Brazil and some Latin American markets)
- 2017–2023 Dongfeng Aeolus AX7
For the THP175 (EP6DTS, later EP6CDTS) maximum torque is {{cvt|247|Nm|lbft|0}} at 1600 rpm, remaining flat to 5000 rpm. Power output is {{cvt|175|PS|kW|0|disp=flip}} at 5500 rpm. An overboost function is available which temporarily increases torque to {{cvt|260|Nm|lbft|0}} between 1700 rpm and 4500 rpm in gears 3 to 5.
Applications:
- 2006–2010 Peugeot 207 RC
- 2007–2010 Mini Cooper S
- 2007–2011 Mini John Cooper Works ({{cvt|155|kW|PS|0|disp=flip}} – only used by BMW)
- 2008–present Peugeot 308
- 2010–201? Citroën DS3 Racing – EP6CDTS – 202 hp
In 2010 Peugeot released the 1.6 THP engine (EP6CDTX) with {{cvt|200|PS|kW|0}} at 5500 rpm, maximum torque {{cvt|275|Nm|lbft|0}} at 1700 rpm. It featured direct injection, twin-scroll turbocharger and Valvetronic variable valve lift. It was first introduced in the Peugeot RCZ sport compact for the 2010 model year, where it generates {{cvt|204|PS|kW|0|disp=flip}}.
Applications:
- 2010–2015 Peugeot RCZ
- 2010–2013 Peugeot 308 GTi
- 2010–2018 DS 4
- 2012–2019 Peugeot 208 GTi
- 2021–present Peugeot 3008 GT Hybrid4, {{cvt|300|PS|kW|0|disp=flip}}
The 2012–2014 Mini John Cooper Works GP featured additional performance, with {{cvt|218|PS|kW|0|disp=flip}} at 6000 rpm and {{cvt|280|Nm|lbft|0}} of torque at 2000–5100 rpm from a larger turbo and engine internals.{{cite web|url=https://www.carfolio.com/specifications/models/car/?car=283514|website=carfolio.com|title=2012 MINI John Cooper Works GP|date=March 13, 2013|access-date=July 27, 2018|archive-date=July 28, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180728071138/https://www.carfolio.com/specifications/models/car/?car=283514|url-status=live}}
PSA has now released a new Euro 6 engine based on the THP in the following Engine codes:
- EP6FADTXD – {{cvt|180|PS|kW|0|disp=flip}} Peugeot 508 Puretech 180, Peugeot 3008 Puretech 180, DS 7 Crossback Puretech 180, Citroën C5 Aircross PureTech 180
- EP6FDTX – {{cvt|205|PS|kW|0|disp=flip}}/{{cvt|208|PS|kW|0|disp=flip}}/{{cvt|210|PS|kW|0|disp=flip}} 1.6l THP Peugeot 208 GTi
- EP6FADTX – {{cvt|225|PS|kW|0|disp=flip}} Peugeot 508 Puretech 225, Peugeot 3008 Hybrid4 225, DS 7 Crossback PureTech 225, Secma F16 Turbo
- EP6FDTR – {{cvt|250|PS|kW|0|disp=flip}}/{{cvt|270|PS|kW|0|disp=flip}} 1.6l THP Peugeot 308 GTi
- EP6CDTR – {{cvt|270|PS|kW|0|disp=flip}} 1.6l THP Peugeot RCZ
{{anchor|N13}} BMW N13 version
The turbocharged 1.6 litre version used by BMW{{cite web |url=http://www.motoringfile.com/2011/11/23/the-mighty-prince-engine-its-future-on-the-road-in-motorsport/ |title=The Mighty Prince Engine: {{as written|I|t's [sic]}} Future on the Road & in Motorsport |publisher=MotoringFile |date=2011-11-23 |access-date=2012-08-30 |archive-date=2012-07-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120712075557/http://www.motoringfile.com/2011/11/23/the-mighty-prince-engine-its-future-on-the-road-in-motorsport/ |url-status=live }} is called the BMW N13. The N13 replaced the naturally aspirated BMW N43 engine and was produced from 2011 to 2016. It is BMW's first turbocharged four-cylinder petrol engine since the BMW 2002 Turbo ceased production in 1974.
BMW sold the N13 alongside the larger displacement BMW N20 turbocharged four-cylinder engine. The N13 was effectively replaced by the turbocharged three-cylinder BMW B38 engine.
| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center;" | ||||
| Model | Displacement | Power | Torque | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| rowspan=2|N13B16 | rowspan=2|{{cvt|1598|cc|cuin|1}} | {{cvt|100|kW|PS|0|order=flip}} at 4,350 rpm | {{cvt|220|Nm|lbft|0}} at 1,350 rpm | 2011–2015 |
| {{cvt|125|kW|PS|0|order=flip}} at 4,800 rpm | {{cvt|250|Nm|lbft|0}} at 1,500 rpm | 2012–2015 |
75 kW version
- 2012–2015 BMW 1 Series (F20) 114i
100 kW version
- 2011–2015 BMW 1 Series (F20) 116i
- 2012–2015 BMW 3 Series (F30) 316i
125 kW version
- 2011–2015 BMW 1 Series (F20) 118i
- 2012–2015 BMW 3 Series (F30) 320i {{abbr|ED|EfficientDynamics Edition}}
130 kW version
- 2015–2016 BMW 1 Series (F20) 120i{{cite web |title=Model selection – 1'F20 LCI – 120i – EUR – 05/2016 |url=https://www.realoem.com/bmw/enUS/select?product=P&archive=0&series=F20N&body=SH&model=120i&market=EUR&prod=20160500 |website=www.realoem.com |access-date=2 November 2019 |archive-date=6 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211006175544/https://www.realoem.com/bmw/enUS/select?product=P&archive=0&series=F20N&body=SH&model=120i&market=EUR&prod=20160500 |url-status=live }}
{{anchor|N14|N18}}
Mini N14 and N18 versions
The turbocharged 1.6 litre versions used by Mini are called the Mini N14 and Mini N18. The N18 succeeded the N14 starting from 2010 and had double Vanos. The N14/N18 engine uses direct injection, a twin-scroll turbocharger and Valvetronic (variable valve lift).
Issues
There have been several cases of recalls and/or extended warranty due to failing HPFP (high pressure fuel pumps) in the Prince engine.{{Cite web|url=https://www.motoringfile.com/2010/10/27/bmw-recalls-fuel-pumps-mini-does-not/|title=BMW Recalls Fuel Pumps. Mini Does Not.|first=Nathaniel|last=Salzman|date=October 27, 2010|access-date=October 5, 2021|archive-date=October 6, 2021 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20211006040037/https://www.motoringfile.com/2010/10/27/bmw-recalls-fuel-pumps-mini-does-not/ |url-status=live}}
There was a service bulletin issued in 2013 due to failing timing chains and timing chain tensioner, both designed by BMW, in the Prince engine.{{Cite web |url=https://f01.justanswer.com/JACUSTOMER-1pc5idt9-/41477d5e-8fef-41af-8b28-d06d2e2ffb81_minidoc.pdf |title= Just a customer | work = Just an answer |access-date=2020-07-06 |archive-date=2020-07-06 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200706043914/https://f01.justanswer.com/JACUSTOMER-1pc5idt9-/41477d5e-8fef-41af-8b28-d06d2e2ffb81_minidoc.pdf |url-status=live }}
Production
The production of MINI version of 'Prince' family of engines is set to end by 2016, and be replaced by its very latest 3 and 4 cylinder Engine family – BMW B37, BMW B38 and BMW B48.{{Cite web|url=https://www.motoringfile.com/2013/09/05/minis-prince-engine-is-dead-enter-the-b37-b48/|title=MINI's Prince Engine is Dead. Enter the B37 & B48.|date=September 5, 2013|access-date=October 5, 2021|archive-date=October 6, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211006035024/https://www.motoringfile.com/2013/09/05/minis-prince-engine-is-dead-enter-the-b37-b48/|url-status=live}}
In 2015 it was announced, on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, that BMW had signed an IPR deal with XCE. They will make the N18 TVDI engine in China for use in various Brilliance Automotive vehicles (JV Partner of BMW in China) and also for other China OEM's.
PSA will continue to develop the higher power models of the engine family, with future production planned for China with its JV partners DONFENG (DPCA) and Changan (CAPSA).{{Cite web|url=http://ae-plus.com/news/psa-will-keep-using-the-prince-engine-family|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140607004406/http://ae-plus.com/news/psa-will-keep-using-the-prince-engine-family |url-status=usurped |title= PSA will keep using the Prince engine family|archive-date=June 7, 2014}}
References
{{reflist|2}}
Bibliography
- {{cite web|url=http://www.psa-peugeot-citroen.com/document/presse_dossier/PK_PSA_BMW1103281940.pdf|title=Press Kit|work=PSA Peugeot Citroën |access-date=January 3, 2006|url-status=dead|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20060311050055/http://www.psa-peugeot-citroen.com/document/presse_dossier/PK_PSA_BMW1103281940.pdf |archive-date=March 11, 2006}}
{{PSA Peugeot Citroën}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Prince Engine}}
Category:Française de Mécanique engines