Princess Jeongshi

The future Princess Jeonghwa was born in 1236 as part of the Gaeseong Wang royal family as the daughter of Wang In, Duke Sian who was the grandson of King Sinjong through his second son, Duke Yangyang. She had two brothers; one of which would become the father of Chungseon's consort.

In 1260, during the first year reign of King Wonjong of Goryeo, she married Crown Prince Wang Sim and became his princess consort ({{Korean|hangul=태자비|hanja=太子妃|labels=no}}).{{cite book|date=2021|script-title=ko:언어유희 단군의 세계|trans-title=The World of Language|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nkIxEAAAQBAJ&dq=%EC%A0%95%ED%99%94%EA%B6%81%EC%A3%BC+%ED%83%9C%EC%9E%90%EB%B9%84&pg=PT674|language=ko|location=Editorial Department of Zaturi Books|publisher=Kyobobook MCP|isbn=9788997537952}}{{cite book|date=2006|script-title=ko:국역 "고려사".: 열전. 20-28|trans-title=National "History of Goryeo".: Biographies. 20-28|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XHQRAQAAMAAJ&q=%EC%A0%95%ED%99%94%EA%B6%81%EC%A3%BC+%ED%83%9C%EC%9E%90%EB%B9%84|language=ko|page=354|location=University of Michigan|publisher=National Culture|isbn=9788982080944}} In 1274, Wang Sim married Kublai Khan's daughter, Qutugh Kelmysh as his new queen consort, which meant Lady Wang couldn't become the queen even though she was his principal wife when he was crown prince.{{cite web|url=http://db.history.go.kr/KOREA/search/searchResult.do?sort=levelId&dir=ASC&limit=20&page=1&pre_page=1&codeIds=PERIOD-0-3&searchTermImages=%EC%A0%9C%EA%B5%AD%EB%8C%80%EC%9E%A5%EA%B3%B5%EC%A3%BC%C2%A0&searchKeywordType=BI&searchKeywordMethod=EQ&searchKeyword=%EC%A0%9C%EA%B5%AD%EB%8C%80%EC%9E%A5%EA%B3%B5%EC%A3%BC&searchKeywordConjunction=AND#searchDetail/kr/kr_089r_0010_0010_0010/29/4/29/r|script-title=ko:충렬왕이 원에서 결혼한 쿠투루칼리미쉬공주를 고려로 데려오다|website=Goryeosa|access-date=October 9, 2021|language=ko}} She was then demoted into a lower rank, but was still honoured as Princess Jeonghwa ({{Korean|hangul=정화궁주|hanja=貞和宮主|labels=no}}) and lived in the "Jeonghwa Palace" ({{Korean|hangul=정화궁|hanja=貞和宮|labels=no}}).{{cite web|url=http://db.history.go.kr/KOREA/search/searchResult.do?sort=levelId&dir=ASC&limit=20&page=1&pre_page=1&codeIds=PERIOD-0-3&searchTermImages=%EC%A0%95%ED%99%94%EA%B6%81%EC%A3%BC%C2%A0&searchKeywordType=BI&searchKeywordMethod=EQ&searchKeyword=%EC%A0%95%ED%99%94%EA%B6%81%EC%A3%BC&searchKeywordConjunction=AND#searchDetail/kr/kr_028r_0020_0060_0060/11/0/11/r|script-title=ko:왕씨를 정화궁주로 왕의 딸을 정녕궁주로 책봉하다|website=Goryeosa|access-date=March 26, 2022|language=ko}}

She was said to have had a bad relationship with Qutugh Kelmysh and was hated so much by the latter that she was forced to live in a separate palace so she couldn't come close to the king. In 1275, a banquet was held to celebrate the birth of the new queen's first son. When Chungnyeol gave an order to place Princess Jeonghwa and Qutugh Kelmysh in the same position, Qutugh Kelmysh became very angry, believing that she was being treated as an equal of his first wife. She then suddenly moved Jeonghwa's seat. After a while, Princess Jeonghwa knelt down and offered a glass of wine to her, but the King turned around and blinked and the banquet ended immediately.{{cite web|url=http://db.history.go.kr/KOREA/search/searchResult.do?sort=levelId&dir=ASC&start=-1&limit=20&page=1&pre_page=1&itemIds=&indexSearch=N&codeIds=PERIOD-0-3&synonym=off&chinessChar=on&searchTermImages=%EC%A0%95%ED%99%94%EA%B6%81%EC%A3%BC%C2%A0&searchKeywordType=BI&searchKeywordMethod=EQ&searchKeyword=%EC%A0%95%ED%99%94%EA%B6%81%EC%A3%BC&searchKeywordConjunction=AND#searchDetail/kr/kr_089r_0010_0010_0030/11/5/11/r|script-title=ko:원성공주가 충선왕 탄생의 축하잔치에서 정화궁주와 위상문제로 다투다|website=Goryeosa|access-date=March 26, 2022|language=ko}}

A year later in 1276 (2nd year reign of King Chungnyeol), a maid said that Princess Jeonghwa had a shaman curse Qutugh Kelmysh and 43 people, including Duke Jean, planning to do something unpleasant and trying to enter Ganghwa-do.{{cite web|url=http://db.history.go.kr/KOREA/search/searchResult.do?sort=levelId&dir=ASC&start=-1&limit=20&page=1&pre_page=1&itemIds=&indexSearch=N&codeIds=PERIOD-0-3&synonym=off&chinessChar=on&searchTermImages=%EC%A0%95%ED%99%94%EA%B6%81%EC%A3%BC%C2%A0&searchKeywordType=BI&searchKeywordMethod=EQ&searchKeyword=%EC%A0%95%ED%99%94%EA%B6%81%EC%A3%BC&searchKeywordConjunction=AND#searchDetail/kr/kr_028r_0040_0130_0020/11/2/11/r|script-title=ko:정화궁주가 공주를 저주하고 왕숙 등이 반역을 꾀한다는 무고가 올라오다|website=Goryeosa|access-date=March 26, 2022|language=ko}} Princess Jeonghwa was then imprisoned in Najang ({{Korean|hangul=나장|hanja=螺匠|labels=no}}), but with the help of official Yu-Gyeong ({{Korean|hangul=유경|hanja=柳璥|labels=no}}), she was able to defend herself and be released along with the others who were involved.{{cite web|url=http://db.history.go.kr/KOREA/search/searchResult.do?sort=levelId&dir=ASC&start=-1&limit=20&page=1&pre_page=1&itemIds=&indexSearch=N&codeIds=PERIOD-0-3&synonym=off&chinessChar=on&searchTermImages=%EC%A0%95%ED%99%94%EA%B6%81%EC%A3%BC%C2%A0&searchKeywordType=BI&searchKeywordMethod=EQ&searchKeyword=%EC%A0%95%ED%99%94%EA%B6%81%EC%A3%BC&searchKeywordConjunction=AND#searchDetail/kr/kr_105r_0010_0010_0040/11/10/11/r|script-title=ko:유경이 정화궁주를 변호하다|website=Goryeosa|access-date=March 26, 2022|language=ko}}

In 1284, there was an incident where Jeonghwa misunderstood the common people and made them servants, which made them file a lawsuit, called Apryangsageon ({{Korean|hangul=압량사건|hanja=壓良事件|labels=no}}) since the judgment was made in favor of her under King Chungnyeol's order.{{cite book|last=Moon-hae|first=Gwon|date=2007|title=大東韻府群玉|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6MgQAQAAMAAJ&q=%EC%95%95%EB%9F%89%EC%82%AC%EA%B1%B4|language=ko|page=179|location=University of Michigan|publisher=Folk Garden|isbn=9788956385051}} However, the presiding judge Gim Seo ({{Korean|hangul=김서|labels=no}}) of this case, died suddenly after appearing on the scene the day after the verdict and only Yi Haeng-geom ({{Korean|hangul=이행검|labels=no}}) who was aware of the injustice of the case, survived.

Princess Jeonghwa was believed to be devout in Buddhism and often prayed in Jeondeung Temple ({{Korean|hangul=전등사|hanja=傳燈寺|labels=no}}). There is also a record that she asked a Buddhist monk In Gi ({{Korean|hangul=인기|hanja=印奇|labels=no}}) to print the Tripitaka Koreana and kept it in Jeondeung temple.{{cite book|date=1988|title=Wŏlgan Chosŏn|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tOUZAAAAMAAJ&q=%EC%A0%95%ED%99%94%EA%B6%81%EC%A3%BC+%EC%9D%B8%EA%B8%B0|page=528|language=ko|location=University of Michigan|publisher=Chosŏn Ilbosa}} When she was the primary wife ({{Korean|hangul=원비|hanja=院妃|labels=no}}) in the past, she was also known as Primary Consort Jeonghwa ({{Korean|hangul=정화원비|hanja=貞和院妃|labels=no}}).

After Princess Jeguk's death, King Chungnyeol abdicated the throne to his legitimate son in 1298, Princess Jeonghwa's title was changed into Princess Jeongsin ({{Korean|hangul=정신부주|hanja=貞信府主|labels=no}}) alongside Chungnyeol who was able to came back to the palace.{{cite book|date=2009|script-title=ko:읽기 쉬운 고려왕 이야기|trans-title=An Easy-to-read Story of the King of Goryeo|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZcD7AwAAQBAJ&dq=%EC%83%81%EC%88%98%EA%B6%81+%EC%A0%95%EC%8B%A0%EB%B6%80%EC%A3%BC&pg=PT608|language=ko|location=Korean History Research Institute|publisher=Taoreum|isbn=9788996200888}} After this, she and the retired king lived together in Sangsu Palace ({{Korean|hangul=상수궁|hanja=上壽宮|labels=no}}) and King Chungseon also held a ceremony for them. She then passed away on 4 May 1319{{cite web|url=http://db.history.go.kr/KOREA/search/searchResult.do?sort=levelId&dir=ASC&limit=20&page=1&pre_page=1&codeIds=PERIOD-0-3&searchTermImages=%EC%A0%95%EC%8B%A0%EB%B6%80%EC%A3%BC&searchKeywordType=BI&searchKeywordMethod=EQ&searchKeyword=%EC%A0%95%EC%8B%A0%EB%B6%80%EC%A3%BC&searchKeywordConjunction=AND#searchDetail/kr/kr_034r_0120_0030_0030/4/0/4/r|script-title=ko:정신부주 왕씨가 죽다|website=Goryeosa|access-date=March 26, 2022|language=ko}} and was buried in the same year.{{cite web|url=http://db.history.go.kr/KOREA/search/searchResult.do?sort=levelId&dir=ASC&limit=20&page=1&pre_page=1&codeIds=PERIOD-0-3&searchTermImages=%EC%A0%95%EC%8B%A0%EB%B6%80%EC%A3%BC&searchKeywordType=BI&searchKeywordMethod=EQ&searchKeyword=%EC%A0%95%EC%8B%A0%EB%B6%80%EC%A3%BC&searchKeywordConjunction=AND#searchDetail/kr/kr_035r_0010_0110_0050/4/1/4/r|script-title=ko:정신부주를 장사지내다|website=Goryeosa|access-date=March 26, 2022|language=ko}}

She bore Chungnyeol a son{{cite web|url=http://db.history.go.kr/KOREA/search/searchResult.do?sort=levelId&dir=ASC&limit=20&page=1&pre_page=1&codeIds=PERIOD-0-3&searchTermImages=%EC%A0%95%EC%8B%A0%EB%B6%80%EC%A3%BC&searchKeywordType=BI&searchKeywordMethod=EQ&searchKeyword=%EC%A0%95%EC%8B%A0%EB%B6%80%EC%A3%BC&searchKeywordConjunction=AND#searchDetail/kr/kr_091r_0010_0140/4/3/4/r|script-title=ko:충렬왕 소생 왕자|website=Goryeosa|access-date=March 26, 2022|language=ko}} and 2 daughters.{{cite web|url=http://db.history.go.kr/KOREA/search/searchResult.do?sort=levelId&dir=ASC&start=-1&limit=20&page=1&pre_page=1&itemIds=&indexSearch=N&codeIds=PERIOD-0-3&synonym=off&chinessChar=on&searchTermImages=%EC%B6%A9%EB%A0%AC%EC%99%95+%EC%86%8C%EC%83%9D&searchKeywordType=BI&searchKeywordMethod=EQ&searchKeyword=%EC%B6%A9%EB%A0%AC%EC%99%95+%EC%86%8C%EC%83%9D&searchKeywordConjunction=AND#searchDetail/kr/kr_091r_0020_0210_0010/8/5/8/r|script-title=ko:충렬왕 소생 공주|website=Goryeosa|access-date=March 26, 2022|language=ko}} Although her only son, Duke Gangyang was the oldest son of the king, he couldn't ascend the throne since his younger half brother, Chungseon of Goryeo was the legitimate son. Meanwhile, Gangyang's second son, Wang Go, was favoured by Chungseon so her brother, Marquess Seowon's daughter became one of Chungseon's consorts.{{cite web|url=http://db.history.go.kr/KOREA/search/searchResult.do?sort=levelId&dir=ASC&start=-1&limit=20&page=1&pre_page=1&itemIds=&indexSearch=N&codeIds=PERIOD-0-3&synonym=off&chinessChar=on&searchTermImages=%EC%84%9C%EC%9B%90%ED%9B%84%C2%A0&searchKeywordType=BI&searchKeywordMethod=EQ&searchKeyword=%EC%84%9C%EC%9B%90%ED%9B%84&searchKeywordConjunction=AND#searchDetail/kr/kr_089r_0010_0060/8/4/8/r|script-title=ko:충선왕 후비 정비|website=Goryeosa|access-date=March 26, 2022|language=ko}}

• Based on records left in Jeondeung Temple at 37–41, Jeondeungsa-ro, Gilsang-myeon, Ganghwa County, Incheon, it firstly founded during the Goguryeo periods with the name of "Jinjong Temple" ({{Korean|hangul=진종사|hanja=眞宗寺|labels=no}}) and changed into Jeondeung from the fact that Princess Jeonghwa delivered many jade lanterns to this temple as it was also her temple where she prays in.{{cite web|url=http://www.ibulgyo.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=155226|script-title=ko:[사찰숲길을 거닐다]⑫ 강화 전등사 삼랑성길|website=Buddhist News|date=26 January 2017|access-date=July 25, 2021|language=ko}}
• In Yi Saek's poem that written in Jeondeung Temple in Daeju-ro, sometimes her name is appeared in there.{{cite web|url=http://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Contents/Item/E0049357|script-title=ko:강화 전등사 대웅전(江華傳燈寺大雄殿)|website=Encykorea|access-date=July 25, 2021|language=ko}}

• Father - Wang In, Duke Sian (시안공 왕인; 1195–1275)
• Grandfather - Wang Seo, Duke Yangyang (양양공 왕서; 1170–?)
• Grandmother - Lady Yi (이씨; 李氏; 1172–?)
• Mother - Lady Park (박씨, 朴氏; 1196–?)
• Sibling(s)
• Older brother - Wang Jeong, Duke Susa (수사공 왕정; 1228–?)
• Older brother - Wang Yeong, Marquess Seowon, Duke Yeongheon of Korea (서원후 한국영헌공 왕영; 1230–1291)
• Niece - Royal Consort Jeong of the Kaeseong Wang clan (왕정비; 1275–1345)
• Spouse
• Wang Geo, King Chungseon of Goryeo (고려 충렬왕; 3 April 1236 – 20 July 1308)
• Issue
• Daughter - Royal Consort Jeongnyeong (정녕원비; 1250–?); Wang Suk's second wife
• Son-in-law - Wang Suk, Duke Jean ({{Korean|hangul=제안공 왕숙|labels=no}})
• Daughter - Royal Consort Myeongsun (명순원비; 1255–?)
• Son-in-law - Wang Hyeon, Duke Hanyang (한양공 왕현; 1255–?)
• Son - Wang Ja, Duke Gangyang (왕자, 王滋; 1270–1308)
• Daughter-in-law - Lady Choi (최씨, 崔氏; 1270–?)

• Portrayed by Kang Ye-sol in the 2017 MBC TV series The King in Love.

{{notelist}}

{{reflist}}

• [http://db.history.go.kr/KOREA/search/searchResult.do?sort=levelId&dir=ASC&start=-1&limit=20&page=1&pre_page=1&itemIds=&indexSearch=N&codeIds=PERIOD-0-3&synonym=off&chinessChar=on&searchTermImages=%EA%B0%95%EC%96%91%EA%B3%B5%C2%A0&searchKeywordType=BI&searchKeywordMethod=EQ&searchKeyword=%EA%B0%95%EC%96%91%EA%B3%B5&searchKeywordConjunction=AND#searchDetail/kr/kr_089r_0010_0020/9/5/9/r Princess Jeonghwa] on Goryeosa {{in lang|ko}}.
• [https://www.doopedia.co.kr/mo/doopedia/master/master.do?_method=view2&MAS_IDX=101013000940308 Princess Jeonghwa] on Doosan Encyclopedia {{in lang|ko}}.
• [http://encykorea.aks.ac.kr/Contents/Index?contents_id=E0051175 Princess Jeonghwa] on the Encyclopedia of Korean Culture {{in lang|ko}}.
• [https://m.etoday.co.kr/view.php?idxno=1502514 Princess Jeonghwa] on EToday News {{in lang|ko}}.

{{DEFAULTSORT:Jeonghwa, Princess}}

Category:14th-century births

Category:14th-century deaths

Category:Year of birth unknown

Category:Royal consorts of Goryeo

Category:14th-century Korean women

Category:14th-century Korean people

Category:13th-century Korean women

Category:13th-century Korean people